在职教育硕士联考英语阅读精练.doc

在职教育硕士联考英语阅读精练PASSAGE 1With the invention and development of television, entertainment has grown much more visual in character and is demanding less and less use of the imagination, considered by many to be mans greatest faculty. But its greatest inadequacy lies in its inability to exercise just those creative powers in men which are called upon and developed in the pursuit of a worthwhile hobby, This lack is not serious while a man is still fully employed in his day-to-day work which itself often gives him opportunities to create either with his hands or with his mind. At this time he seeks only some form of relaxation in his leisure. There comes a time, however, when he must retire from his occupation on account of age, and it is then that these shallower pastimes, useful enough has a form of relaxation, might cease to satisfy the hitherto active man. Today, many elderly people are finding this to be true, and seem constantly to be suffering from a sense of frustration after retirement, which reveals seem constantly to be suffering from a sense of frustration after retirement, which reveals itself in a short temper and slow degeneration of health, the two most common symptoms.1. The writer criticizes visual entertainment becauseA. it does not require mans creative powers.B. it demands too much of our imagination.C. it can not improve our intelligence and skill. D. it leads man to slow degeneration in health.参考答案：C2. What is regarded as mans greatest faculty?A. EntertainmentB. CharacterC. HobbiesD. Imagination参考答案：D3. While fully employed, men look forA. visual entertainment that requires imagination in their leisure.B. opportunities to create either with their hands or with their minds in theirleisure.C. something that will help them relax in their leisure.D. creative hobbies in their leisure.参考答案：C4. When retired, the elderly people find thatA. shallower pastimes can no longer satisfy them.B. it is unnecessary to cultivate creative hobbies in their younger days.C. doing anything after retirement is unnecessary.D. relaxation is most suitable for their retired life.参考答案：A5. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. hobbies are more important to the young than to the elderly.B. we should develop worthwhile hobbies when we are young.C. in ancient times entertainment was more visual in character.D. hobbies are not important in the health of modern men.参考答案：BPASSAGE 2Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an important job.In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be responsible. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that anybody will do for a teacher. The public expects quality people to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.1. Before the job of teaching came into being, _ .A. family members had been responsible for the education of the youngB. specialists had been in charge of teaching young peopleC. young people had had to be self-educatedD. the society had played an important role in educating young people参考答案：A2. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of _ .A. the development of the societyB. the explosion of informationC. The need for specialistsD. the civilization of human beings参考答案：C3. Teachers salaries are raised today in order to _ .A. show the importance of teaching as a jobB. attract more qualified people to become teachersC. make teachers responsible in their teachingD. improve the quality of public teaching参考答案：B4. Anybody will do for a teacher means that _ .A. almost all people want to become a teacherB. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help himC. a teacher will do whatever he can for his studentsD. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it参考答案：D5. We know from the passage that _ .A. it is important to be successful in teaching the youngB. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachersC. greater progress has to be made in teachingD. teaching is a product of the societys division of labor参考答案：B PASSAGE 3In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly.1. In the Middle Ages students _.A. took objective testsB. specialized in one subjectC. were timed by electric clocksD. never wrote exams参考答案：D2. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that _.A. workers now take examinationsB. the population has grownC. there are only written examsD. examinations are now written and timed参考答案：D3. The kind of exams where students must select answers are _.A. personalB. spokenC. objectiveD. written参考答案：C4. Modern industry must have developed _.A. before the Middle AgesB. around the 19th centuryC. in Greece or RomeD. machines to take tests参考答案：B5. It may be concluded that testing _.A. should test only opinionsB. should always be writtenC. has changed since the Middle AgesD. is given only in factories参考答案：C PASSAGE 4After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movementIf you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this passage is _.A. SleepC. DreamsB. Good HealthD. Work and Rest参考答案：A2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means _.A. sickC. asleepB. stand upD. a little sleepy参考答案：D3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you _.A. dream more oftenC. nervousB. have poor healthD. breathe quickly参考答案：B4. During REM, _.A. your eyes move quicklyC. you are restlessB. you dreamD. both A and B参考答案：D5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is _.A. approximately six hoursC. about eight hoursB. around ten hoursD. not stated here参考答案：D PASSAGE 5Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people dont have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera. All they have to do is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if he has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into ones sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and that they have actually begun to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesnt it?There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.1. What is the major function of paragraph 1?A. To arouse the readers concernB. To introduce the theme of the whole passageC. To summarize the whole passageD. To sate the primary uses of TV参考答案：B2. Television, as a source of entertainment, is _.A. not very convenientB. very expensiveC. quite dangerousD. relatively cheap参考答案：D3. Why are some people against TV?A. Because TV programs are not interestingB. Because TV viewers are totally passiveC. Because TV prices are very high.D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages参考答案：B4. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that _.A. it keeps us informedB. it is very cheapC. it enables us to have a restD. it controls our lives参考答案：A5. According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on _.A. its qualityB. peoples attitude towards itC. how we use itD. when we use it参考答案：C PASSAGE 6The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are as closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market.In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting（报价）, what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselors offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course, there are some other ways of making market investigations.1. In making market investigation, one should _.A. get enough information concernedB. advertise his productsC. produce high quality goodsD. none of the above参考答案：A2. The word indispensable in the first line means _.A. impossibleB. essentialC. advisableD. available参考答案：B3. Which of the following statements is not true?A. The relationship between market investigation and sales promotion is just as that of the lips and teeth.B. It is impossible to succeed in selling a product without market investigation.C. There are various ways of making market investigation.D. Production goes before market investigation.参考答案：C4. Making market investigation is very important because _.A. in market, goods on sale are numerousB. every producer is facing keen competitionC. it can greatly promote salesD. all of the above参考答案：D5. All the following are channels to get market information except _.A. to have commercial counsellors office of our embassies stationed abroadB. to promote the quality of our own productsC. to send trade groups abroad every now and thenD. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen参考答案：B PASSGAE 7We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns.Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and begin to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. However, “he opened his eyes wide” is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues”! Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike.Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on peoples faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.1. According to the passage, _.A. we can hardly understand what peoples gestures meanB. we can not often be sure what people mean when they describe their feelings in words or gesturesC. words can be better understand by older peopleD. gestures can be understand by most of the people while words can not参考答案：D2 Peoples facial expressions may be misunderstood because _.A. people of different ages may have different understandingB. people have different culturesC. people of different sex may understand a gesture in a different wayD. people of different countries speak different languages参考答案：B3. In the same culture, _.A. people have different ability to understand and express feelingsB. people may have the same understanding of somethingC. people never fail to understand each otherD. people are equally intelligent参考答案：A4. From this passage, we can conclude _.A. words are used as frequently as gesturesB. words are often found difficult to understandC. words and gestures are both used in expressing feelingsD. gestures are more efficiently used than words参考答案：C5. The best title for this passage may be _.A. Words and FeelingsB. Words, Gestures and FeelingsC. Gestures and FeelingsD. Culture and Understanding PASSAGE 8When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do.For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he cant make things work out right, he doesnt feel ashamed that he failed; he just tries to