人教版初三 Unit 6重要知识点、定语从句及练习.doc

Unit 6一知识点1.prefer v.更喜爱，更喜欢，相当于likebetter，其过去式、过去分词为preferred，常用于以下结构： (1)prefer+名词、代词I preferred music. Which do you prefer?(2)prefer+动词不定式“宁愿干”She prefers to live among the working people.(3) prefer+v-ing I prefer living abroad.(4)prefer+动词不定式复合结构:常见的搭配有:(1)Prefer A to B喜欢而不喜欢（to为介词） She prefers apples to bananas.(2)prefer doing A to doing B（to为介词） He prefers running to walking.(3)prefer to(动词不定式符号) do rather than do sth.宁愿干而不愿干They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.(4)prefer sb to do sth 宁愿/希望某人做某事 We prefer you to stay for dinner.2.gentle:轻柔，温和（往往指音乐、嗓音或风）温柔的，文雅的（往往指人的性格）3. remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人使记起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事She reminded me of her sister.The pictures remind me of my school days.You must remind him to take his medicine, in case he forgets.The letter reminds me that I must write to them.4.dance to 和着的节拍跳舞 to介词“按照，随着”The students are doing eye exercises to music.They danced to the disco music. dance with 与某人一起跳舞 Would you like to dance with me?请您与我跳支舞好吗？5.different kinds of music在此表示“种类”，做可数名词There are different kinds of fishes and plants under the sea.(同义句)=There are fishes and plants of different kinds under the sea.谓语动词的单复数变化要跟of前面名词的变化一致。This kind of snakes is dangerous.=Snakes of this kind are dangerous.6. What do you think of ?=How do you like?7. latest, later, lately, lastLatest adj “最近的，最新的”，不是late最高级。This is the latest song.这是最近流行的歌曲late adj/adv“晚的，迟的，最近，不远前”later adj/adv “更迟的；后来，较晚”lately adv “近来”相当于recentlylast adj/adv “最后的，最后”8.as 的用法：用作连词“按照” Please do it again as I told you.连词，当的时候，着重强调两个动词同时发生 She sang as she worked. 表示原因，“因为，由于”比较口语化，语气也较弱，所表示的原因比较明显。As I didnt know the way, I asked the policeman.asas 和一样 9.over the years多年来，往往与现在完成时连用Over这里做介词“在期间，直到过完”Lucy often works over nightOver the years, theyve planted many trees on the hills. 多年来他们已在山上种植了许多树。10.though 不做副词“可是，不过，然而”放在句尾11. be sure of/about +n. / pron. /短语 确信，对有把握 Im sure of/about his success.我相信他会成功。be sure that 从句 确信，相信， 有时候与“be sure +不定式”互换 Im sure that hell pass the exam.=Hes sure to pass the exam. be sure to do “一定要做某事，务必做某事”，表示说话人的一种肯定的判断和要求。Be sure to write to me as soon as you arrive there.make sure 确保，核实，查收，弄清楚12.one of the+adj最高级+复数名词，最之一one of the +复数名词后接定语从句时谓语动词的单复数情况 one of the +复数名词后接定语从句时谓语动词通常用复数形式He is one of the teachers who know French in our school. (修饰the teachers)“one of the +复数名词”结构前带有the only之类的现定语，后面定语从句中的谓语动词则要用单数形式，因为定语从句在意义上修饰的是the only one，而不是那个复数名词。He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.(修饰the only one)13. on display=on show介词短语 可以做表语或者定语His pictures are on display in London this month.（表语）All kinds of clothes on display in Paris are very popular.（定语）14.interest:n.兴趣，趣味；常用于下列短语have an interest in 对有兴趣show interest in 在方面显露出兴趣have no interest in对不感兴趣lose interest (in) 失去（对的兴趣） v.使感兴趣be interested in sth =show/have/take an interest in He interested me in football.他使我对足球感兴趣。Ive got a lot of books that might interest you.我有许多可能使你感兴趣的书。15.class 等级，级别，阶级16. whatever=no matter what“无论什么，不管什么”Whatever you do, do it well.whatever=anything that “凡是的，所得东西”用来引导名词性从句Take whatever you want. 你要什么就拿什么。Whatever he wants is fine to me.他无论要什么我都没有意见。17.suggest:建议，后跟名词、动名词或that从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should ）+动词原形；He suggested a visit to the museum to me.他建议我去博物馆参观。He suggests going for a walk in the park.他建议去公园散步。I suggested to him that we leave early for the station.我向他建议我们得早点动身去车站。表示“暗示，间接表明”，后跟n/代词/从句做宾语，从句不用虚拟语气。Mikes pale face suggests his bad health.His expression suggested that he was angry.18expect期望；预计常含有知道某事即将发生之意。多指盼望、等待某事的发生，感情色彩强烈。可接名词、不定式、不定式的复合结构或从句做宾语。I am expecting a letter from my friend.(名词)我在期待我朋友的来信。Miss Zhao expects you to be on time.（不定式复合结构）赵小姐期望你能准时。I expect that I could be here for another hour.（从句）我期望在这里再呆一个小时。I didnt except to meet you here. （不定式）我没想到在这里见到你。expect to do sth.期望干expect sb. to do sth期望某人干19. energy (n.)=energetic (adj.)20.honest adj该词是元音发音开头，前面的不定冠词用“an”.to be honest =to tell you the truth=honestly speakingTo be honest I really like flowers. 老实说我真的很喜欢花。21.stay away from与保持距离 keep away from 远离，回避 get away from离开，逃脱 run away from从中逃出 break away from 背弃，与脱离关系be away from离开，从离去22.be in agreement意见一致（后跟介词短语、句子）We are in agree with their decisions.我们同意他们的决定。Most people are in agreement that he can do it.大部分人一致认为他能做这件事。23.increase vt +n/pron Travel increased my knowledge of the world. vi The population is increasing fast. increase to与 increase by“increase to+具体增长的数字”表示增长/加到如，The population has increased from 1.2milion to 1.8 milion.人口已从120万增长到了180万。“increase by+倍数/百分数”表示增加了倍或百分之如，The rate of inflation increased by 2%通货膨胀率增长了2%25.fit match suit用在衣服上fit是大小合适，suit是颜色合适，match是都合适。 fit 指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调。suit 指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等的搭配。 This new jacket fits her well . 这件夹克很合她的身。 对比：This new jacket suits her beautifully . 这件夹她穿着真漂亮。 That colour suits you best . Try the new key and see if it fits the keyhole . 当表示“使适合”的意思时，fit 常与 for 连用；suit 常与 to 连用。 His experience fits him for the job . He suited his speech to his audience . 他使自己的演讲适合于听众。 The Peoples Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian An Men beautifully . 人民大会堂和历史博物馆把天安门陪衬得极为美丽。 match / fit / suit 精讲: match表品质、颜色、设计等方面匹配，即：与相配； fit作及物动词：适合，配上，合身，使人适应；作不及物动词，表吻合，合身； suit表适合，常强调颜色、式样等适合某人，而fit则强调大小合身。 练习： It doesnt suit you to have your hair cut short. Carpets should match the curtains. Does the coat fit you? Military training fits men for long marches.26. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.27.不定式做表语、状语、定语、宾语等成分The main thing is to have a good balance. (表语 说明主语所指内容)He sat down to have a rest.（状语）他坐下来休息Give me a piece of paper to write on.（定语）给我一张纸写字。I like you to do it in this way.（宾语补足语）我希望你这么做。To save time is to lengthen life.（主语 表语）节约时间就等于延长了人的生命。二.短语1.expect to do sth.期望干expect sb. to do sth期望某人干 2.catch up with追上，赶上3.different kinds of music各种不同的音乐4.quiet and gentle songs轻柔的歌曲 5. taketo 带到6. remindof使某人想起或意识到 7.her own songs她自己的歌曲8.be important to对重要 9.Yellow River黄河10.Hong Taos latest movie洪涛最近的电影 11.over the years多年来12.be sure to do sth.务必干一定干13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一 14.on display展览，展出 15.come and go来来往往16.cant stand不能忍受 17.look for寻找18.feel sick感到恶心，不舒服 19.have a great time玩得高兴，过得愉快20.to be honest说实话 21.be lucky to do幸运的是22.my six-month English course我6个月的英语课23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友 24.go for去找某人，想法得到某事物25.stay healthy保持健康 26.French fries薯条27.stay away from与保持距离 28.be in agreement意见一致（后跟短语、句子）29.barbecued meat烤肉 30.a tag question反意疑问句31.be bad for对有害三句子1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜欢这张CD的什么？4.What does it remind you of？它使你想起了什么？5.The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。6.It does have a few good features, though.然而，它的确也有一些好的方面。7.She really has something for everyone.每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。8.Whatever you do, dont miss this exhibition.无论怎样，你都不能错过这次展出。9.As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.正如乐队名字所暗示的那样，这支乐队很有活力。10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.11.If I were you, Id eat nuts instead.如果我是你，我会改吃坚果。定语从句用法及练习在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。如：The story which he told was very popularYou cant wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.一：定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。二：关系代词的用法(在从句中作主语或是宾语)1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看（作宾语）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语，可以省略。在口语中，who也可以作宾语。如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语）4.whose用来指人或物, 只用作定语，如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. （做定语）注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，且介词放在句末时，who， that， which作宾语时可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。如：This is the house in which we lived last year.Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，有些介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。如：This is the person whom you are looking for.（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。（4）关系词只能用that的情况：a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that。例如：This is the same bike that I lost.d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that。例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. （5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：Whats that which is under the desk？ b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives.c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。三：关系副词的用法（在从句中中作状语）（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。如：This was the time when he arrived.（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。如：This is place where he works.（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 练习题：单项填空。1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father？-Yes， hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom2. Is this the river _I can swim？A. which B. in which C. that D. the one3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know.A. where B. which C. that D. it4. Ca