教案新视野Unit_8_Book_I.doc

Book One (Integrated Course 1)Unit 1 College LifeText A Secrets of Straight-A StudentsTeaching Objects: Non-English majors, Grade 2014I. Teaching Aims 1. Help students to realize their main task at college. 2. Help students to adjust their study habits in order to become straight-A students. 3. Help students to understand the connotation of the proverb: no pains, no gains. 4. Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centered upon the theme of the unit.II. Teaching Emphasis1. Share with students some techniques top students employ in their study.2. Key words and expressionsconduct, attain, principle, priority, compromise, recreation, addition, perform, advocate, retention, schedule, promote, confirm, assign, undertake, pressure, motivate, etc.3. Key grammatical structure the use of the articleIII. Time Allotment: Six periods for the unit 1st period: Pre-reading; while-reading (Cultural Notes) 2nd period: While-reading (Text Organization & Understanding of the whole text) 3rd period: While-reading (Language Study) 4th period: While-reading (Language Study) 5th period: Post-reading; check on students home reading (Text B) 6th period: Theme-related Language Learning TasksIV. Teaching Steps1. Warm-up Questions(1). What are the differences between college life and middle school life?(2). Were you accustomed to college life in the first month after you entered the college? How did you feel then?(3). Who is the best student in your class? Why do you say so?(4). Do you think a student who is only good at study is a good student? Why or why not?(5). To be a straight-A student, what should a student do?2. Background informationQuotes and Proverbs on Education by ConfuciusConfucius was a teacher, scholar and minor political official whose commentary on Chinese literary classics developed into a pragmatic philosophy for daily life. Not strictly religious, the teachings of Confucius were a useful approach to social harmony and defined moral obligations between individuals and social systems. After his death his pupils collected notes on his sayings and doings and recorded them as the Analects. This collection was added to over the years, and many sayings attributed to him are probably only loosely based on his teachings. His approach was formalized into a political and religious system during the Han Dynasty in the early part of the third century.(1) I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and understand.(2) Exploring the old and deducing the new makes a teacher.(3) To learn without thinking is labour in vain; to think without learning is desolation.(4) Knowledge is not equal to devotion. Devotion is not equal to joy.(5) Real knowledge is to know the extent of ones ignorance.(6) When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it this is knowledge.3. Study of the text Para. One Main Idea: Students should know how to make full use of their innate abilities.Questions & Answers(1) What did the professor of education find? He found that top grades do not always go to the brightest students.(2) What is important for a student to bear in mind? He or she should bear in mind how to make the most of his or her innate abilities. Para. TwoMain Idea：Top students attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn.Questions & Answers(1) What are the basic principles for attaining academic excellence? They are: a. set priorities; b. study anywhere or everywhere; c. study at ones preferred time; d. be consistent.(2) How does the writer illustrate what is meant by “set priorities right”? As a student, study time should always be guaranteed, and it should never be compromised for phone calls, television programmes or snacks.Typical Organization of This Paragraph(1) The topic sentence: The students at the top of the class attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn. (2) How to illustrate:1) To begin with, 2) In addition, 3) Among all the students interviewed, .4) However, .Para. Three Main Idea: Top students learn to be organized.Questions & Answers(1) What did the first student say about getting organized? He wont waste his precious time searching for things that have been misplaced.(2) What did the second student say about getting organized? He will have the class notes ready for review when the examination time comes.Para. Four Main Idea: Top students know how to schedule their time properly.Questions & Answers(1) Why is it important for students to know how to schedule their time? If students schedule their time well, they will reasonably pace each assignment or project to avoid being overwhelmed by the task at hand .Besides, by doing so, they will have more time to review and polish their work, and they are less likely to procrastinate.(2) What are some of the learning strategies top students share about getting organized? Two specific ones are given: a. taking down good notes during lessons and using them for revision; and b. jotting down a two or three-sentence summary of the lessons principal pointsbefore class is over and scanning the notes before the next days class.Para. Five Main Idea: Top students are very serious about school and very active in class.Questions & Answers(1) What other factors are introduced in this paragraph that may contribute to academicexcellence? They are: handing in neat work, speaking up and asking questions in class, and actively participating in classroom activities.(2) What does the student mean by “Better grades come from better understanding.”? By speaking up and asking questions to clarify any doubts, a student may come to a better understanding, which will lead to better grades.Para. Six Main Idea: Students benefit from group study.Questions & Answers(1) What has been found about group study? An experiment has shown that students benefited from studying together. Those who studied in a group scored higher than those who studied on their own.(2) What does the word “labour” reveal about studying on ones own? When someone labours to do something, that person does it with difficulty. By using “labour” to describe studying on ones own, the writer emphasizes the value of group study.Para. Seven Main Idea: Top students do more than the assigned homework and get more contributions from their parents.Questions& Answers(1) Why does the student choose to do more than she is asked to? Because she believes that the more she does, the more she learns.(2) What is the most important secret of super-achievers according to experts and top students? It is the crucial contribution by the parents of those students. Those parents usually emphasize the importance of learning, set high standards for their children and hold them to those standards. Besides, they are also encouraging, loving, gentle and motivating parents who teach their children lessons of responsibility.4. Understanding of some difficult sentences(1) Secrets of Straight-A Students 1) Who are called “straight-A students”? A straight-A student is someone who regularly gets the best marks for all of their work in school or college. 2) Translate the title into Chinese. 全优生的秘诀(2) , it is far more important for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innate abilities. 1) What is the part of speech of the word “far”? What does it mean? Its an adverb. It means very much. It can be used to modify some adjectives, such as far less/better/easier, and to modify some prepositions, such as far above/below/beyond.More examples:It would take me far too long to explain.The new system is far better than the old one.He bought it for a price that was far beyond (= much more than) its real value. 2) Paraphrase “make the most of his or her innate abilities”. To get as much advantage as one can from ones innate abilities. (3) Study time is never compromised for phone calls, television programmes or snacks. In other words, it is always placed above recreation. What kind of study habit does the author describe? Talk about it in your own words. Never make phone calls, watch television or have snacks when its time to study. Study is forever the first choice. (4) They must know how to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability so that they might not be overwhelmed by the tasks at hand.1) What can you infer from the expression “to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability”? Our time and energy are limited, so we have to organize our assignments and activities skillfully so that we do not have too much to do and still have energy left near the end. 2) Paraphrase “the tasks at hand”. Tasks that need to be dealt with now. (5) Another winning formula which teachers promote lies in a students ability to hand in neat work. What does “formula” originally mean? What does it refer to here? Formula means a list of the substances used to make a medicine, drink, etc. Here winning formula refers to a method that leads to success. (6) According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. What can we infer from “is already on the way to scoring an A”? It is very likely that the student will get an A. (7) The experiment also illuminated the value of hypothetical tests conducted among the students and on their own. 1) What is a “hypothetical test”? A hypothetical test is a test that is not real, but that might happen. 2) Translate the sentence into Chinese. 研究也证明了学生间互相进行模拟测试或自我测试的好处。 (8) Experts confirmed that students who devise possible test questions often find many of the same questions during the real examination and thus score higher. What is the benefit of devising possible test questions? By devising questions that might possibly appear in the test, the students undertake a thorough review of what theyve learned and become better prepared for the real test. (9) The latter set high standards for their children and held them to those standards. Paraphrase “held them to those standards”. Helped them live up to the standards. (10) They impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children, and the children delivered. 1) Explain the part “impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children”. “Impress something on somebody” means to make the importance of something clear to someone. The parents made it clear to their children that responsibility is very important. 2) What does “deliver” mean? It means to provide something promised or expected. 3) Translate the sentence into Chinese. 他们使孩子们铭记肩负的责任，而孩子们则将其付诸实践。5. Language points (1) conduct: vt. carry out or direct; go with and guide or lead -We are conducting a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food. -Is it really necessary to conduct experiments on animals? Collocation: conduct a meeting 主持会议conduct an investigation 进行调查Please find some set phrases of this word from this text.conduct a study 进行研究conduct an experiment 进行实验conduct a test 进行测试 (2) attain: vt. gain or arrive at, esp. after long effort; reach -India attained independence in 1947. -I would tell them that they could attain levels of quality and customer satisfaction greater than they had ever imagined. CF: attain, achieve & accomplish 这三个动词均有“达到、完成”之意。 attain 指努力去达成或实现目标，常指事先没有确信会成功而去追求的目标。例如: -She finally attained her ends. 她终于达到了她的目的。 -Kacy attained the rank of deputy director. 凯茜当上副经理了。 achieve 指由于功绩或努力而理所当然应该得到的成功。例如: -He will never achieve his objectives if he does not work harder. 如果不加倍努力的话，他永远也实现不了他的目标。accomplish 指完成规定的任务。例如:-He accomplished the building of the bookcase. 他做完了一个书橱。 (3) principle: n. a truth or belief that is accepted as a base for reasoning or action; the general rules on which a skill, science, etc. is based, and which a beginner must understand -He prided himself on his high moral principles (= strong ideas about how it is right or wrong to behave). -Schools try to teach children a set of principles. Collocation: against somebodys principles 违背原则 -Its against my principles to accept gifts from clients. 从客户那里接受礼物有违我的原则。 a person of principle 有原则的人 -He considered himself to be a man of principle. 他认为自己是一个有原则的人。 in principle 原则上 -In principle, the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler. 原则上，这个新的软件应当使会计系统简便很多。 (4) priority: n. something that needs attention, consideration, service, etc. before others -After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high priority. -With so little money available, repairs must remain a low priority. -我们应当优先考虑孩子。 The children are our first priority. Collocation: a first/top/main priority 优先考虑 的问题 -Road building is a top priority. 道路建设是应最优先考虑的事情。 priority over 比优先 -This project has priority over others. 这个项目应放在其他一切项目之上。 (5) compromise: vi. do something that is against ones principles or does not reach the standards that one has set -The captain refused to compromise on any of his demands. -She admitted that she was unable to compromise. -The employers will have to be ready to compromise if they want to avoid a strike. Collocation: compromise with 和某人妥协 -We cannot compromise with those whose principles are directly opposed to our own. 我们不能和在原则方面与我们针锋相对的人妥协。 compromise on 在某事上妥协 -The President might be willing to compromise on defense spending. 总统可能愿意在国防开支上妥协。 (6) recreation: n. C; U (a form of) amusement and enjoyment; way of spendingfree time -Vancouver is a city more in tune with outdoor recreation than cultural institutions. -他唯一的消遣方式就是喝啤酒和看足球。 His only recreations are drinking beer and watching football. -They see the outdoors as a recreation activity, not a job opportunity. CF: recreation, pastime & hobby 这三个名词均有“闲暇时间的活动”之意。 recreation 指娱乐性放松，其含义包括了体育锻炼。例如： -Holiday centers offer a variety of recreations that include folk dancing, swimming and boating. 度假中心提供各种各样的娱乐，包括民间舞蹈、游泳和划船。 pastime 指为消磨闲暇所做的任何事情，代表着几乎没有什么价值的活动。例如： -He insisted that his painting was merely a pastime that kept him from being bored. 他认为他画画只是为了摆脱无聊的一种消遣罢了。 hobby 指一种完善而具体的知识或对有些领域很在行的活动，尤指收集或修补活动，经常由自己在家里做。例如： -Susans hobbies include reading, cooking, and drama. 苏珊的爱好有阅读、烹饪和戏剧。 (7) addition: n. the act of adding, esp. of adding numbers together; something added -Additions are made to the list from time to time. -In the last three months there has been a new addition to the family our daughter, Rachel. Collocation: in addition 此外，另外 -The boss forced him to work sixteen hours a day and beat him in addition. 老板强迫他一天工作16个小时，而且还要打他。 in addition to 除了之外 -In addition to his salary, he earns a lot from royalties. 除了工资，他还挣不少版税。 CF: addition & accretion 这两个名词均有“增加、增添”之意。 addition 指数目的增加，或一样东西与另一样东西的相加。例如: -The addition of flour will thicken gravy. 加些面粉可使肉汁变稠。 accretion 指自然的增加，尤指外层附加物的添加。例如: -A mineral augments by accretion. 矿物因增生而增大。 -A glacier is formed by the accretion of many particles of frozen packed snow. 冰川是由许多冻实的小雪块相加而形成的。 (8) perform: vt. 1) do; carry out (a piece of work, duty, ceremony, etc.), esp. according to a usual or established method -The operation was performed by a team of surgeons at Brooks Hospital. -Students perform increasingly difficult tasks as the course continues. 2) give, act, or show (a play, a part in a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc.), esp. in the presence of the public -The opera was performed in over 100 cities. Collocation: perform a study/experiment/analysis 进行一项研究/实验/分析 -An analysis of the survey data was performed. 调查数据经过了分析。 perform a task/job/duty 履行任务/职责 -She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract. 她因不履行合同上的职责而被解雇。 CF: perform & conduct 这两个动词均有“做、在行动中执行任务”之意。 perform 指履行义务、职责或执行命令，所执行的任务一般比较困难和复杂。例如: -He wouldnt promise what he could not perform. 他不轻率许诺。 conduct 指挥、实现、进行，词义接近perform，但强调指导、领导或监督。例如: -The interview was conducted in English. 面试用英语进行。 (9) advocate: vt. speak in favour of; support (an idea or plan), esp. publicly -Its terrible that some people are now openly advocating violence. 一些人现在公开提倡暴力，这真可怕。 -They advocated state control of all public services. (10) retention: n. U fml ability to remember things; the state or action of retaining -I have a real problem with retention of information. -Without water retention the land becomes baked. 如果不能保留住水，土地就会变干变硬。 (11) schedule: 1) n. a plan of what someone is