实验二、判断某水泥样品是否属于合格品.doc

判断某水泥样品是否属于合格品1、 实验目的：通过水泥实验检验水泥质量和测定水泥物理力学性质指标，为配合比设计提供原始数据。同时评定水泥质量，对不合格水泥不能使用。Purpose: To test the quality of cement and cement experimental determination of physical and mechanical properties of concrete indicators to provide the raw data than with the design. At the same time assessing the quality of cement, the cement can not be used for unqualified.2、 实验仪器：（1） 水泥细度实验： 负压筛析仪； 天平：最大称量500g，感量0.01g。（2） 水泥标准稠度用水量实验： 水泥标准稠度测定仪； 水泥净浆搅拌机； 天平:感量1g； 湿气养护箱、量筒等。（3） 水泥凝结时间实验：将标准稠度实验的试锥换上试针，将锥模换成圆模。（4） 水泥体积安定性实验：沸煮箱、雷氏夹（5） 水泥胶砂强度实验：行星式胶砂搅拌机、胶砂振实台、胶砂试模、刮平直尺、抗折实验机、抗压实验机。Laboratory equipment: （1） Cement fineness experiment: vacuum sieve analyzer; balance: Maximum weighing 500g, a sense of the amount of 0.01g. （2） Cement standard consistency water experiment: normal consistency of cement analyzer; cement slurry mixer; balance: 1g; moisture conservation boxes, cylinders, etc. （3） Cement setting time experiment: the standard consistency experimental test pilot put the needle cone, cone mold replaced the round mold. （4） Soundness of cement experiments: boiling tank, Reyes clip （5） Cement mortar strength test: Planetary mortar mixer, mortar tap sets, mortar test mode, Calibrating ruler, bending testing machine, compression testing machine.3、 实验原理：水泥细度直接影响水泥的凝结时间、强度、水化热等技术性质，因此测定水泥的细度是否达到规范要求，对工程具有重要意义。水泥浆的稀稠对水泥的凝结时间、体积安定性等技术性质的实验影响很大。水泥凝结时间有初凝和终凝之分。凝结时间不合格的水泥视为废品。水泥体积安定性是指水泥在凝结硬化过程中体积变化的均匀性。水泥中如果含有较多CaO,MgO,SO3，就能使体积发生不均匀变化。Principle: cement fineness directly affect the technical nature of the cement setting time, strength, heat of hydration, etc., so the cement fineness determined whether the regulatory requirements, important for engineering. Thin thick slurry great impact on the technical nature of the experimental cement setting time, soundness, etc. Setting time of cement have initial and final set of points. Setting time of cement deemed unqualified waste. Soundness of cement refers to the process of setting and hardening of cement in the volume change of uniformity. If the cement contains more CaO, MgO, SO3, can change the volume of uneven.4、 实验内容及步骤：Experimental content and steps:1、水泥细度实验 筛析实验前，将负压筛放在筛座上，盖上筛盖，接通电源，检查控制系统，调节负压至40006000Pa范围内。 取出试样25g，置于洁净的负压筛中，盖上筛盖，放在筛座上，开动筛析仪连续筛析2min，筛析过程中如有试样附着在筛盖上，可轻轻敲剂，筛试样落下。 筛毕，用天平称量筛余物（精确到0.01g），计算筛余百分数，结果精确至0.1%。Cement fineness experiment sieve analysis before the experiment, the negative pressure on the sieve sieve seat, covered with screen cover, power on, check the control system to regulate the negative pressure range 4000 6000Pa. Remove the sample 25g, placed in a clean vacuum sieve, covered with screen cover, on the screen seat, starting sieve sieve analysis analyzer continuously 2min, sieve analysis process, if the specimen attached screen cover, gently knock agents, screening samples fall. screen complete with weighing scales sieve residue (accurate to 0.01g), calculate the percentage of sieve, results are accurate to 0.1%.2、水泥标准稠度用水量实验 实验前须进行仪器检查：仪器金属棒应能自由滑动；试锥尖降至锥模顶面时，指针应对准标尺零点；搅拌机运转正常。 制备净浆：先用湿布擦拭搅拌锅和搅拌叶片，将500g水泥试样倒入搅拌锅内。拌和水量：采用调整水量法时，可按经验初步确定加水量；采用固定水量法时，加水量为142.5mL。将锅放在搅拌机座上，升至搅拌位置，开动机器，同时徐徐加水。搅拌的时间和程序为：慢速搅拌120s，停拌15s，快速搅拌120s后停机。 搅拌结束后，立即将拌和好的净浆一次装入锥模内，用小刀插捣振动数次，刮去多余净浆，抹平后迅速放到稠度仪下面锥模固定位置。将试锥降至净浆表面、拧紧螺丝、指针对零，然后突然放松螺丝，让试锥自由沉入净浆内，试针停止下沉时（下沉时间约为30s）记录试针下沉深度。整个操作应在搅拌后1.5min内完成。Cement standard consistency water experiments Before the experiment must be carried out to check the instrument : Instrument metal rod should be able to slide freely ; during the test cone taper down to the top surface of the mold , the pointer should be aligned with the ruler zero ; mixer is operating normally. Preparation paste : Wipe with a damp cloth before stirring the pot and stir blade , stir into the pot 500g cement sample .Mixing water: water when using adjustment method , according to the amount of water initially identified experience ; method when using a fixed amount of water , add water to 142.5mL.The pot on the blender base , rose stirring position , start the machine , while slowly adding water. Stirring time and procedures for : slow stirring 120s, stop mixing 15s, 120s after rapid mixing down . After stirring, mixing a good grout immediately loaded into the cone die once , several times with a knife inserted pound vibration , scrape off the excess grout quickly consistency meter below the cone mold into a fixed position after smoothing . The test taper down to grout surface , tighten the screws , refer for zero , then suddenly loosen the screws , so try cone freedom sink into paste , try to stop sinking when the needle (sinking time is about 30s) recording test needle sink depth. The entire operation should be completed within stirring 1.5min.3、水泥凝结时间实验 测定前，将圆模放在玻璃板上，调整指针，使试针接触玻璃板时，指针对准标尺零点。 以标准稠度用水量拌制水泥净浆，记录加水时刻。 将拌制好的标准稠度净浆，立即一次装入圆模，振动数次后刮平，放入湿气养护箱。 测定时，从养护箱取出盛有净浆的圆模，置于试针下，使试针与净浆面刚好接触，拧紧螺丝，然后突然放松螺丝，让试针自由沉入净浆，12s后观察指针读数。注意每次测定的间隔时间。Cement setting time experiment determined before the round mold on the glass, adjust the pointer to make contact with the glass test needle pointer aligned with the ruler zero. standard consistency water mixing cement paste, add water record time. The consistency of grout mixing a good standard, once loaded into a round mold immediately after several Calibrating vibration, moisture conservation into the box. When measured, removed from the curing box filled with grout round mold, placed under test needle, needle and paste so try just touching the surface, and tighten the screws, and then suddenly loosen the screws, so try needle-free sink paste, 1 2s after the observation pointer readings. Note that the time interval for each measurement.4、水泥体积安定性实验（雷氏法） 将雷氏夹置于玻璃板上，与水泥浆接触的表面涂上一层机油，每个试样成型两个试件。 将拌制好的标准稠度净浆装满雷氏夹圆环，一只手轻扶雷氏夹，另一只手用约10mm宽的小刀插捣15次左右，然后摸平，顶面盖一块涂油的玻璃板，立即将上下盖有玻璃板的雷氏夹放到养护箱内。养护242h。 在沸煮前，用雷氏夹膨胀值测定仪测量试件指针简短的距离A，精确到0.5mm. 将试件放到沸煮箱水中的篦板上，指针朝上，试件相互不交叉，然后在305min内加热到沸腾，并恒沸3h5min。（3）结果评定 煮毕，将热水放掉，打开箱盖，使箱体冷却到室温。 取出煮后的雷氏夹试件，测量试件指针尖端的距离C，精确到0.5mm。 计算雷氏夹膨胀值（C-A）。当两个试件煮后膨胀值的平均值不大于5.0mm时，认为该水泥体积安定性合格。如果两个试件的（C-A）值相差超过4.0mm，重做实验。Soundness of cement experiment ( Ray s method ) Reye clip will be placed on the glass surface in contact with the cement slurry coated oil, forming two specimens of each sample . the consistency of paste mixing a good standard folder filled with Reyes ring , a hand light Rotary Reye folder , one hand with a knife inserted about 10mm wide pound about 15 times, and then touch the flat top surface of the cover piece glass plate coated with oil , and immediately covered with a glass top and bottom of Reyes folder into the conservation of the box. Conservation 24 2h. before boiling with Reye clamp meter to measure expansion value pointer a short distance from the specimen A, accurate to 0.5mm. the specimen container into the boiling water grate plate pointer up, do not intersect each specimen was then heated to boiling in 30 5min, and azeotropic 3h 5min.( 3 ) evaluation of results cook complete, let go of the water , open the lid , so the box is cooled to room temperature. Remove the boiled specimens of Reye clip , measuring from the tip of the pointer specimen C, accurate to 0.5mm. expansion value calculated Reye folder (C-A). When the average of the two specimens boiled expansion value is not greater than 5.0mm, that the soundness of cement qualified. If the two test pieces (CA) values differ by more than 4.0mm, redo the experiment .5、水泥胶砂强度实验（ISO法）（1）胶砂制备 实验前将试模擦净，模板与底座的接触面上涂黄油，紧密装置，防止漏浆。内壁均匀刷一层机油。搅拌锅、叶片、下料漏斗等用湿布擦干净。 胶砂配合比。水泥：中国ISO标准砂=1：3，水灰比=0.5，一锅成型三条试件的材料用量：水泥4502g；中国标准砂13505g；拌和水2251L。 按规定程序搅拌。（2）试件成型 胶砂制备后立即成型。把空试模和模套固定在振实台上，用勺子将胶砂分两层装入试模。装第一层时，每个槽内约放300克胶砂，用大播料器垂直加在模套顶部，沿每个槽来回一次将料层播平，接着振实60次；再装入第二层胶砂，用小播料器播平。再振实60次。 振实完毕后，移走模套，取下试模，刮平尺刮平。 在试模上做好标记。（3） 试件养护5 , cement mortar strength test (ISO method )( 1 ) Preparation of Mortar tryout before the experiment will wipe the contact surface and the base template butter , close device to prevent leakage of plasma . Brush a layer of the inner wall of the oil evenly . Stirring the pot , leaves, etc. under the hopper clean with a damp cloth . mortar mix . Cement: China ISO standard sand = 1:3 , water-cement ratio = 0.5 , the amount of material forming a pot of three specimens : Cement - 450 2g; China Standard Sand - 1350 5g; mixing water - 225 1L . according to prescribed procedures stirring.( 2 ) forming the specimenFormed immediately after preparation mortar . The empty tryout and die sets fixed tap platform , with a spoon into the mortar of the two tryout . When installed the first layer , put about 300 grams per tank mortar , with a large increase in broadcast mode sets the vertical feeder top , back and forth along each trough will broadcast the material layer flat , then tap 60 times ; then into The second layer of mortar , with a small sow feeders broadcast level. Then tap 60 times. After the tap is completed, remove the mold sets, remove the test mode, Calibrating Calibrating feet . Mark the tryout.( 3 ) Maintenance specimen（4）抗折强度实验： 将抗折实验机夹具的圆柱表面清理干净，并调整杠杆处于平衡状态。 用湿布擦去试件表面的水分和砂粒，将试件放入夹具内，使试件成型时的侧面与夹具的圆柱接触。调整夹具，使杠杆在试件折断时的位置尽量接近平衡位置。 以5010N/s的速度进行加荷，直到试件被折断。记录破坏荷载P(N)或抗折强度f折（Mpa）. 保持断块处于潮湿状态直至抗压实验开始。 按下式计算每条试件的抗折强度(精确到0.1 Mpa) 每组试件的抗折强度，以三条棱柱体试件抗折强度测定值的算术平均值作为实验结果。当三个测定值中仅有一个超出平均值的10%时，应剔除这个结果，以其余两个测定值的平均值作为实验结果；如果有两个测定值超出平均值的10%时，该组结果作废。（4) flexural strength test: the cylindrical surface of the bending test machine fixtures clean and adjust the lever in equilibrium. specimen surface with a damp cloth to wipe off the moisture and sand, the specimen will be placed inside the fixture, so that the cylindrical specimen in contact with the side molding jig. Adjust the fixture so that the lever position when the specimen as close as possible to break the equilibrium position. a rate of 50 10N / s were loading until the specimen is broken. Record breaking load P (N) or flexural strength f fold (Mpa). maintained in a wet state until the compression block experiment began. calculated as flexural strength of each specimen (accurate to 0.1 Mpa) flexural strength of each specimen to the arithmetic average of the three prism specimens flexural strength measured values as a result. When only one of the three measured values exceed the average value 10%, the result should be excluded, and the average value as the other two measurement results; if two measured value exceeds the average value 10% of the time this set of results void.（5）抗压强度实验： 将抗折实验的6个断块，立即在断块的侧面上进行抗压强度实验。抗压实验须用抗压夹具，使试件受压面积为4040mm。实验前，应将试件受压面与抗压夹具清理干警、试件的底面紧靠夹具上的定位销，断块露出压板外的部分应不少于10mm。 在整个加荷过程中，夹具应位于压力机承压板中心，以2400200N/s的速度加载直到破坏，记录破坏荷载P(KN). 按下式计算每块试件的抗压强度（精确到0.1MPa） 每组试件的抗压强度，以6个抗压强度测定值的算术平均值作为实验结果。如果6个测值中有1个超出平均值的10%时，应剔除这个结果，以剩剩下的5个测值的