机械专业英语重点单词完整版--上海第二工业大学 机械工程 专业英语 完整版 资料.doc

第1课Precious metals贵重金属Noble metals贵重金属Light metals轻金属Magnetic materials磁性物质Magnetic force磁力Impact toughness冲击韧性Pure states纯态Alloy states 合金状态Superalloy超耐热不锈钢Caron steel 卡洛钢Ferrous metals黑色金属Macromolecular compounds大分子化合物Nonferrous metals有色金属Stainless steels不锈钢Iron and steel materials钢铁材料Advanced ceramics先进陶瓷Household ceramics日用陶瓷Modern engineering and technology现代工程和技术New engineering materials 新工程材料High-temperature strength高温强度Resistance to wear and corrosion耐磨抗蚀性能Low electrical and thermal conductivity电气和热导率低Nonferrous metals and alloys有色金属与合金Household appliances家用设备Aerospace components航空组件Heat exchangers热交换器Semiconductors半导体Cutting tools切削工具Organic macromolecular compounds有机高分子化合物Composite materials复合材料Nano-materials纳米材料Unique and diverse properties独特而多样的属性Special properties特殊属性Structural performance结构特性Conventional materials常用材料Traditional materials传统材料Three dimensions三维（空间）Outstanding properties突出性能Nano-scale纳米尺度Nano-powers纳米力量Nano-fibers纳米纤维Nano-film纳米膜Commercially available materials商业上可用的材料Wear resistance耐磨性，耐磨度Corrosion resistance耐蚀性；抗腐蚀性Load-bearing承载Heat affected zone高热影响区Structural applications高热影响区High strength-to-weight高强度重量Non-structural applications非结构性的应用程序Optical properties光学性质Specific surface area非结构性的应用程序Ferrous metal and alloys黑色金属和合金Organic synthesis黑色金属和合金Active adsorbents活跃的吸附剂Environmental contamination环境保护Environmental protection环境保护Base metal基底金属Cast iron铸铁Carbon and alloy steels碳和合金钢Gray cast iron灰口铸铁Gray iron灰口铸铁Pure graphite高纯石墨Ductile cast iron球墨铸铁Nodular cast iron 球墨铸铁Spherical graphite cast ironWhite cast iron白口铸铁Malleable iron展性铸铁Compacted graphite iron墨铸铁Equilibrium phase diagramEutectic temperature共熔温度CarbonContent碳含量low-carbon steel低碳钢Mild steel 低碳钢Alloy steels合金钢Medium-carbon steel中碳钢High-carbon steel高碳钢Connecting rods 连杆Crankshafts曲轴Metalworking machinery金属加工机械Alloying element合金元素Heat treatment热处理temper回火；调和Structural-grade alloy steels 硬力合金刚ASTM specifications ASTM 技术规范Creep and fatigue resistance蠕变和抗疲劳性Passivation钝化Tool and die steels工模具钢的Alloyed steels合金钢At room And elevated temperatures在房间,温度升高Forming and machining of metals形成和加工的金属High-speed steels (HSS) 高速钢(HSS)Operating temperature工作温度Hot-work steels 热作钢Cold-work steels 冷作钢Cold-working operations 冷作操作High resistance to wear and crackingShock-resisting steelsOil-hardening使油淬硬化Air-hardening 气硬性Ease of fabrication易于制造Cooking utensils厨房用具Aircraft bodies飞机的身体Car bodies 车体选材Jet-engine turbine blades飞机发动机涡轮叶片Orthopedic implants骨科植入Non-magnetic electrical conductor非磁性导电体Consumer durables耐用消费品Appliances家用电器high-voltage transmission wiring 高压输电线路Micro porosity 微孔率Differential pressure压差Vacuum forming 真空成型Thermoforming of plastics塑料热成型Vibration-dampingMachining characteristics机加工特征Portable power tools便携式电动工具Sporting goods运动用品Lightweight components轻量组件Joining techniques接合技术Hot working of metals金属热加工Hot-metal forming operationElectrical and electronic components 电子电气零部件Consumer goods生活消费品Strength-to-weight ratio强度重量比Marine hardware 船舶五金Marine components海产食物Submarine hull潜艇艇体Biomaterials生物材料学Heat-resistant alloys耐热合金High-temperature alloys高温合金Erosion at elevated temperature高温腐蚀Tools and dies for hot-working of metals工具和金属的热加工Superalloys of rapidly-solidified powders超合金快速凝固粉末的Near-net shapes近净形Damping sound and vibrations声音和振动阻尼Radiation shielding辐射屏蔽Solid lubricant固体润滑剂Vacuum Cleaners真空吸尘器Kitchen equipmentMachinery partsPhotoengraving equipmentTin plate白铁皮Plate glass平板玻璃Float glass浮动玻璃Photographic film胶卷Dental work第15课Design drawings设计图Design optimizations设计优化Product models产品模型Computer-aided designEngineering analysisPotential problemsExcessive load过度负荷Mating surfaces配合面List of materialsspecifications规格Manufacturing instructions制造说明Geometric Modeling几何建模Geometric mode几何模型lLine representation单线表示法Round object圆物体Wire-frame model线框模型Two-dimensional representation二维表达Surface model曲面模型Solid model实体模型Polynomial curve多项式曲线Three-dimensional representation三维表示Database managementComputer memory计算机内存Process planning工艺规程Widespread availability广泛的利用High-speed processors高速处理器Developed software开发软件National and global market changesSupply and cost of raw materialsGlobal demandsgeopolitics地理政治论Alternative materials替代材料Mathematical and physical modelsAdverse effect不利影响Production rateManufacturing costsFuel shortages燃料短缺Recent popularitySport-utility vehicles运动型多用途车Current interest活期利息Gas-electric hybrid vehicles油电混合动力汽车Modified product变形产品Lead time生产周期Human behavior and performance人类行为和性能Design analysis and optimization设计分析与优化Geometric features几何特征Heat transfer热传递Temperature distributions温度分布Dimensional tolerances尺寸公差Material-handling system物料搬运系统Design review and evaluation设计审查和评估Moving membersAnimation capabilities动画功能Dynamic situations动态情况Documentation and drafting文档和起草Standard components标准构件Part library零件库Design specification设计规范Built-in database-management system内置的数据库管理系统Computer-aided manufacturingProduction machinery生产设备Material-handling equipment物料搬运设备Automated testing and inspection自动化测试和检验Product qualityMachining operations加工操作Tool path刀具路径Improved productivity提升生产力Numerical control and industrial robots数字控制和工业机器人Shrinkage allowances许可收缩量Sheet forming板料成形Progressive dies for stamping冲压连续模Process planning and scheduling工艺规划和调度Plant layout工厂布局Computer-aided process planning计算机辅助工艺规划Engineering designShop-floor manufacturing工厂制造Sequence of operations操作顺序Sequence of processes and operations序列的流程和操作Process planners流程规划Routing sheet流程表Labor-intensive and Time-consuming动密集型和耗时Bar code条形码第18课Primitive cave原始洞穴Rock markings and drawings岩石的标记和图纸Production business生产业务Make profits获利Manufacturing business 制造业Quality goodsCompetitive pricesGood management techniques良好的管理技巧Product developmentPublic image公共形象Productivity生产率；Team workSelection of materialsQuality assurance公共形象Discrete consumable离散的消耗品Durable goods耐用物品Human labor人类劳动Human resourcesEquipment resourcesFinancial resourcesOrganized collectionSpecific resourcesStandard of living生活水平Basic needsIndustrial revolution工业革命Mass productionDuplicate parts配件Measuring tools生活水平Measuring techniques测量技术Fixed automationFixed automation mechanismsTransfer lines生活水平Programmable automation可编程自动化Numerical controlDigital computer principlesManufacturing processesDirect numerical control (DNC) 直接数字控制Computer numerical control (CNC) 算机控制系统Graphical numerical control (GNC) 图形数控Voice numerical control (VNC)Adaptive control集市贸价Discrete metal partsWork materialSpindle deflection主轴偏转Cutting temperatureVibration amplitudeIndustrial robotsMaterial handing 主轴偏转High-level tasksHardness of work materialMachine toolManufacturing productionautomated guided vehicle system自动制导系统flexible manufacturing system柔性生产系统Manufacturing production facility数据存取Computer technologyManufacturing dataCommon database数据存取Data access数据存取Physical and human resourcesDatabase management conceptsManagement informationInventory control库存控制柜schedulingMachine monitoring数据存取Flexibility柔韧性Competitive international marketplace竞争激烈的国际市场Trade-off权衡 取舍 交易High production runsLow production ratesHigh-volume runs大容量运行Maximum flexibility权衡 取舍 交易Production runs生产运行Large quantitiesSmall volumes of partsLarge volumeAt high production ratesTool handling capabilityHigher volumes高销售量Production ratesIndependent CNC machinesManufacturing situationsMedium production ratesProduce medium volumesLong-standingLong-stand void长期无效Automated production processesAutomated manufacturing machineInstantaneous communication瞬间通信Computer networkOn a small scale小规模地（的）Distributed numerical control分布式数控Automated materials handing systems自动材料处理系统Group technologyOne integrated systemNon-hazardous waste无害废料Severe legislation严重的立法Environmental impactsProducts and manufacturing processUsed productsSevere competition激烈的竞争Product design产品设计Producer responsibility legislation生产者责任立法Business potential发展潜力Residual value剩馀价值Functional state功能状态Conventional manufacturingVirgin material纯净原材料Specialized labor force专门的劳动力Consumer acceptance重加热Remanufacturing tools and techniques 再制造的工具和技术Current productsRemanufacturing knowledge临终问题Reconditioning重加热Poor remanufacture abilityRemanufactured products再制造品End-of-life issue临终问题Functionality空间的功能性Organizational transformationsTimescales时间尺度Social development levels社会发展水平Decision-making processes决策程序Manufacturing managementWaste management methods废物管理方法Economic analyses经济性分析Quantifiable and measurable costs可量化的和可衡量的成本Remanufacturing approach选择适当的技术Economic benefitsQualitative factors质量因素Decision making决策Selection of the appropriate technologies选择适当的技术Multidisciplinary多科性的Multifunctional activity method基于数据的活动Production process生产工艺Operating practices数据与数据库管理recyclingData-based activities基于数据的活动Environmental impact analysis环境影响分析Data and database management数据与数据库管理consensus多科性的19课Information technology信息技术Information exchangeCollaborative design协同设计Machining centers加工中心Manufacturing cells制造单元Flexible systemsRemote and networked manufacturing偏远和网络化制造Information ageMarket competition市场竞争Conflicting demandsProduct diversificationSophisticated tool复杂的工具Customer needs顾客需求Computer-integrated manufacturing计算机集成化制造技术Design fabrication and assembly设计制造和组装Materials handling物料搬运Interactive computer-aided-design systems交互式计算机辅助设计系统Design processOptimum process 优化工艺Sequences and schedules序列和时间表Shop floor车间Distributed intelligence分布式智能Automated loading and unloading equipment自动装卸设备Current shop conditions目前车间条件Advanced manufacturing processes先进的制造工艺Advanced manufacturing technologies先进制造技术Just-in-time delivery及时交付Overall quality and efficiency整体质量和效率Computer age/information ageComputer networksModern manufacturingFinished products制成品Production planningProduction controlProduction equipmentProduction processes生产流程Manufacturing machinery and equipment Information flow信息流Manufacturing activityComputer-integrated manufacturing system计算机集成制造系统Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system 企业资源计划系统Resource planning资源计划Business processes企业流程Project managementMaterials and capacity planning材料和容量规划Incorrect information错误信息Data redundancy数据冗余Business unit interfaces业务单元的接口Global access全球接入Security issue安全问题Optimization capabilities优化功能Optimization problems优化问题Shop-floor scheduling车间生产计划Production planning生产规划Decision-making problems决策问题Real-time production control实时生产控制Supply Chain Management (SCM) solutions供应链管理(SCM)的解决方案External information technology systems外部信息技术系统Manufacturing companies制造企业Communication and collaboration capacity沟通和协作能力Networked manufacturing网络制造Business partners 商业伙伴Computer-aided System (CAx)计算机辅助系统(CAx)Early experimentation早期的实验Novel product新产品Process concepts工序流程概念Disassembly/recycling process拆卸/回收过程Optimizing energy and material use优化能源和材料使用Computer-aided engineering计算机辅助工程Computer-aided quality control计算机辅助质量管理Design and styling options设计和样式选项Process plans 工艺计划NC code for machining数控加工代码Finite element analysis有限元分析Kinematic and dynamic analysis运动学和动力学分析Tolerance specifications宽容的规范Geometrical properties几何特性Texture and mechanical characteristics结构和机械特性Available resources可利用的资源Digital environments数字环境Emerging and quite promising R & D field新兴市场和很有前途的R & D领域Virtual environments虚拟环境Dispersed actors分散的演员(CAx) System aided engineering teams CAx系统辅助工程团队One production site/in the field一个生产站点/Materials and energyIntegrated platform集成平台New state-of the-art新将最新vaulting拱顶结构Workflow虚拟环境Data management tasks管理工作Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems产品生命周期管理(PLM)系统Life cycle生命周期Product structure产品结构Information types信息类型End-user support最终用户支持Manufacturing organizationsBusiness functions企业功能Enterprise database企业数据库Unified enterprise view统一的企业视图Digital Factory/Manufacturing concept数字工厂/生产的概念Production data management systems生产数据管理系统Simulation technologies仿真技术Optimizing manufacturingDigital manufacturing数字化制造Manufacturing enterprises制造企业Early validation早期验证Production ramp生产上量Product knowledge dissemination产品知识传播The hard core engineering advantages核心工程的优势Information society信息社会Positive impact积极影响Enormous material and energy demand巨大的物质和能量的需求Flexibility and automation in production灵活性和自动化生产20课Raw materialsIndustrialized nationEconomic strength经济实力A well-organized plan一个组织良好的计划Production engineering生产工程学Manufacturing engineeringManufactured item加工要素Monetary worth货币价值Marketable price集市贸价Wire coat hanger钢丝衣架Adding valueDiscrete products独立产品Individual parts零部件Continuous products持续的产品Engine blocks发动机机体Discrete parts分离的零件Individual piecesComplex activity复杂活动Machinery and toolingSupport services后勤工作Customer services客户服务Manufacturing activitiesDesign requirementsProduct specifications and standards产品规范和标准Competitive environment竞争环境Production methodsMarket demandsTypes of productsProduction quantitiesDelivery requirements交货要求Computer integration计算机集成Manufacturing organizationProduct quality and cost产品质量和成本Economical implementation经济实现Quality and productivityOptimum use优化利用Part rejection部分否定Modern mechanization现代机械化Manual labor体力劳动Textile machinery纺织机械Machine tools机械工具Cutting metals切割金属Interchangeable parts互换部件Hand-fitting人工修配Hardware store五金店Mass-producing大量生产Manufacturing methodsManpower人力Mechanical devices机械传动装置Power-producing machinesElectricity-producing generatorsInternal combustion engines内燃机Steam and gas turbines蒸汽和燃气涡轮机Jet and rocket engines喷气发动机和火箭发动机Power-using machinesRefrigeration and air-conditioning equipment制冷空调设备Robots used in manufacturing机器人用于制造业Computer hard drives电脑硬盘Air-conditioning equipmentMaterials handling systems（物料