linking words.doc

Grammar and usage(linking words)常用的一些关联词语1. 顺序关联词表明想法、行为或时间、动作的顺序。 firstly, secondly, finally, in the end, now, at present, recently, after that, in a few days, as soon as, suddenly, till, notuntil, at the same time, at last等2. 因果关联词语表示做某事的原因或结果。for one thingfor another,therefore, so, as a result (of), because, because of, since, for, now that, thanks to, due to, on account of, otherwise, sothat, suchthat, thus等3. 对照关联词用来引出与前句意思相反的意思。however, in contrast, instead, nevertheless, on the contrary, while, like, unlike, on one handon the other hand, different from, in contrast to, whereas, someother, herethere, the former, the latter等4. 附加关联词语引出附加或表示递进的信息。also, on top of something, above all, besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, now, for example, for instance, in this case, actually, as follows，even，whats more等表示方位关系和空间顺序的。near, next to, close to, far from, in front of, on one side, opposite to, on the left/right, to the east/west等李平坐在魏芳的旁边。Li Ping sits next to Wei Fang.医院离这儿不远的。The hospital is not far from here.6.表示并列关系的。or, and, also, too, not onlybut also, as well as, bothand, eitheror, nethernor等He, as well as his parents, like music. (true or false?) 7.表示条件关系的。as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless, except if, provided that, providing that等 我不叫你离开，你就不要离开这幢房子。Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.8.表示让步关系的。in spite of, though, although, as ,even if, even though, whetheror, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, on matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)等他们虽穷却很慷慨。They are generous although they are poor.无论你去哪儿，我都去。Wherever you go, Ill go too.9.表示比较的。be similar to, similarly, the same as, compared with (to), just like, like, likewise, just as, in the same way等与其他孩子相比，他是个懒惰的人。Compared with other children, he is a lazy boy.10.表示目的的。 for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to 等。昨天我租了一只船，为的是可以去钓鱼。Yesterday I hired a boat so that I could go fishing11.表示强调的。in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all等。最重要的是我们必须身体好。Above all, we must be healthy12.表示概括、归纳、总结性的。to sum up, in general, in a word, in short, in brief, briefly, in all, on the whole, generally speaking, as far as I know, as we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion, to conclude/ summarize, likewise, for this purpose等。13.表示观点的。in my opinion, I think, Im sure等。14.表示引出话题的。by the way等。15.表示选择的。eitheror, neithernor, notbut, rather than, instead of等。 或者是你或者是他得去那儿。Either you or he has to go there.我和他都不知道。Neither I nor he knows it.他不是诗人而是作家。He is not a poet but a writer.Multiple choice1. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses_ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. though C. unless D. if 2. _ everyone knows about it, I dont want to talk any more. A. For B. Even C. Since D. However3. We were in _ when we left that we forget the airline tickets. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush4. The WTO cant live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though5. John may phone tonight, I dont want to go out _ he phones.A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that 6.The shop doesnt open until 11 a.m., _ it loses a lot of business. A. for B. or C. but D. so7.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _ they themselves couldnt. A. once B. then C. while D. if 8.Paul had to write history paper, _ he couldnt find time to do it. A. but B. so C. because D. if 9.Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises._ our minds are developed by learning. A. Probably B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally 10.Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while 11.Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process _ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination. A. until B. but C. unless D. for 12._ I can see, theres only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 13.We were swimming in the lake_ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before14.Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better. A. or B. while C. but D. and 15.There are a lot of spelling mistakes; _ its quite a good article. A. even so B. even thoughC. though D. instead16.- Id like to go home now. -Why not stay here for the night? It is so late now. _, it is raining so hard. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Instead D. As a result17.I cant tell you the exact time when I will get there, _, Ill be there as early as I can. A. No matter B. Anyhow C. Therefore D. Besides18.You have made a few spelling mistakes in your composition, but _, it is fairly good. A. on the whole B. generally speaking C. above all D. on one hand19.-When did you first meet Tom?-On May 2, _, the first day I came to this city.A. or rather B. at least C. on the wholeD. in a word20.He came home after midnight, and _, he was drunk. That made his parents very angry.A. What is more B. On the other hand C. In my opinion D. In another word21. I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident. _, lets go and see him. A. Whats more B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessary22.This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others. A. above all B. first of all C. in all D. after all 23.What he said, has nothing to do with what he did. A. to my surprise B. to my surprised C. to my surprising D. to our surprises 24. his face, the young man must be over 20. A. Judged fromB. Judged C. Judging from D. Judging 25. (04北京春季高考)Do you think I should get a good guidebook?Yes, of course. _ , you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes.A. What s moreB. In other wordsC. By the way D. All in all26. (05 江西）Im afraid Mr. Wood cant see you until 4 oclock.Oh, _ I wont wait.Ano doubt Bafter all Cin that case Din this way 27._ your assistance, he finished the job in only two hours.A. Owing to B. Owing C. Owed to D. Owed28._ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide. A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of 29.I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I succeeded _. A. first all B. in all C. at all D. after all 30.The idea of fish being able to produce electricity strong enough to light a lamp is almost unbelievable, _ several kinds of fish are really able to do this. A. therefore B. and C. then D. but Fill in the blanks with proper linking wordsYou will usually encounter new words _ you read. _ there are too many new words for you, then the level is too high _ you should find something simpler. _ if there are ,say, a maximum of five new words per page, you will learn this vocabulary easily. You ma