电大统考2016(第2部分--1)阅读理解(1).doc

第二部分 阅读理解(1)（2016 年网考）翻译版以下正误判断题（百分百实考题）在考试中的阅读第一篇，相对来说难度较低，投机几率大，可不复习，全选A本部分不做红色标注，建议有一定基础的同学进行温习掌握，如基础较差可以可不复习，全选A。 解题思路：正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出 一个句子，判断其正误。比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找 所需要的信息。提供23篇为重点文章。内部资料请勿传播(如传播将停止更新服务)，复习本资料无需看其他资料,基础较差的可以不温习本部分一些同学的基础很差，直接看英语无法掌握，现在将全部短文翻译为中文，如遇到不能理解的题目可请教群主。Passage 1The report came to the British on May 21,1949. The German battleship Bismarck, the most powerful warship(战舰) in the world, was moving out into the Atlantic Ocean. Her task: to destroy the ships supplies from the United States to war-torn England.The British had feared such a task. No warship they had could match the Bismarck in speed or in firepower. The Bismarck had eight 15-inch guns and 81 small guns. She could move at 30 nautical(海上 的) miles an hour. She was believed to be unsinkable.However, the British had to sink her. They sent out a task force headed by their best battleshipHood to hunt down the Bismarck. On May 24, the Hood found the Bismarck.It was a meeting that the German commander Luetjens did not want to see. His orders were to destroy the British ships that were carrying supplies, but to stay away from a fight with British warships.The battle didnt last long. The Bismarcks first torpedo(鱼雷) hit the Hood, which went downtaking all but three of her 4,419 men with her.But in the fight, the Bismarck was slightly damaged. Her commander decided to run for repairs toFrance, which had at that time been taken by the speed and the heavy fog, they lost sight of her.For two days, every British ship in the Atlantic tried to find the Bismarck, but with no success. Finally, she was sighted by a plane from the air. The Bismarck was hit.On the morning of May 27, the last battle was fought. Four British ships fired on the Bismarck, and she was finally sunk.1941年5月21日英国收到消息：世界上最强大的德国战舰Bismarck正向大西洋挺进，任务是：摧毁来自美国的船只，这些船只上面都装载着供给饱受战乱之苦英格兰的供应品。 英国对此深感不安和恐惧，因为自己没有一艘战舰可以在速度和火力上与Bismarck相抗衡。Bismarck装备有8支15英寸的枪和81支较小的枪，一小时能够行速30海里，号称是不沉战舰。虽然如此，但英国人必须击沉它，因此他们派出最好的战舰Hood载着执行任务的部队去搜 寻 Bismarck， 于5月24日发现Bismarck，双方发生交战。其实，德国指挥官并不希望与英国战舰交火，因为他的此次任务只有一个-就是负责摧毁装 载供应品的英国船只。这场战斗持续时间并不长，英国战舰hood被Bismarck的第一鱼雷击中后沉没。舰艇上， 除 了三人生还，其余人全部牺牲。在这场战斗里，Bismarck受到轻微的损伤，指挥官决定到被当时德国占领的法国对它进行维1 / 23修。 英国部队一开始紧跟着Bismarck，但由于其速度快和大雾的原因，后来被Bismarck甩开了。 两天来，每艘英国船只试图在大西洋搜寻到Bismarck，但都没有结果，最后被来自爱尔兰的 飞机发现。 英国人迫使Bismarck减慢速度，以便使他们的船只能够追上，并且从空中向它开火，最后Bismarck终于被击中。5月27日早上的最后一次战斗，4艘英国军舰只集中全部火力开向Bismarck，它最终被击沉。1.The Bismarck sailed into the Atlantic Ocean to cut off American supplies to Britain. Bismarck驶 入大西洋是为了切断美国提供给英国的援助。A：TB：F2. Many people believed that the Bismarck could not be defeated because she had bigger guns than other ships. 许多人认为Bismarck不可能被打败，因为它比其他船只的枪要大。A：TB：F3. We learn from the text that on 24 of May the Bismarck won the battle against the British.我们从 文章可以知道5月24日Bismarck与英国较量中赢得了胜利。A：TB：F4. Luetjens tried to sail to France in order to get away from the British. 指挥官Luetjens试图驶向 法国是为了甩开英国。A：TB：F5. Gunfire from the British warships. 火力来自于英国军舰。A：TB：FKEY:ABABAPassage 2Weve talked about snails (蜗牛) and their slow move. But much of the time snails dont move at all. They are in their shells (壳) sleeping.Hot sun will dry out a snails body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too. A snail can sleep for as long as it needs to. It spends all the winter months in its shell, asleep.In the spring the snail wakes up. Its body, about three inches long, comes out from the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers (触角), are very weak. But its sense (感觉) of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to find food and the new greens.A snails mouth is no bigger than the point of a pin (大头针). Yet it has 256,000 teeth!The teeth are very small, and you cant see them. If you put a snail in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out! And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.我们已经谈论过蜗牛和他们的缓慢移动.但大多数时间蜗牛根本不动. 它们在它们的壳里睡觉.火热的太阳会晒干蜗牛的身体.因此有一点点阳光的迹象时,蜗牛就把身体缩进壳里.蜗牛会 死在大雨中，因此当下雨时，蜗牛也会做同样的事情.(把身体缩进壳里)。蜗牛能够需要睡多久就 睡多久，它花费整个冬季呆在壳里睡眠。在春季，蜗牛苏醒了，它的身体,从壳里伸出来大概三英寸长,当饿的时候蜗牛会寻找食物，它 的眼睛位于顶部触角的末端，视力非常弱，但它的嗅觉非常强，嗅觉帮助蜗牛找到食物和新的绿 色物品。蜗牛的嘴巴还没有大头针尖大，然而它却有256,000个牙齿。这些牙齿很小，你看不见它们，4 / 23如果你把蜗牛放在一个硬纸盒里，它会用牙齿咬出一条路来。如果蜗牛的牙齿掉了，它将会长出新牙。1. A snail moves more slowly at night . 蜗牛在晚上爬的更慢。A：TB：F2. In the sentence “A snail draws its body into its shell”, the word “draw” means to pull.在句子 “A snail draws its body into its shell”中的单词“draw”意思是拉动A：TB：F3. From the story, we know a snail cant see well. 从故事我们可以知道蜗牛不能看的很清楚。A：TB：F4. A snail goes to sleep when it is put into a paper box. 放在纸盒里的蜗牛会睡觉。A：TB：F5. The snails teeth cant be worn out. 蜗牛的牙齿不能被破损。A：TB：FKEY:BAABBPassage 3When I begin to look back on all friends whom I have had, I quickly came to the conclusion that Jerry was the most important and had the greatest effect upon my life. His family moved to my block when I was only 10. Jerry was 15 at the time, but the fact that he was so much older than me seemed to make no difference to him. I was very glad that he liked me. We took long walks together, on which he would tell me stories he had heard form TV and radio programs.But as months went by, a change came into our friendship. Jerry almost stopped coming by the house, and every time I went to his house or telephoned, he put me off with some excuses such as Im studying now or Ive got some jobs to do for Mum. When we passed on the street, he would still give me a warm smile and friendly wave with a Hi, kid, but he would hardly ever stop to talk. Finally I realized that he was no longer interested in me and that his taste had changed. I noticed him with a girl once in a while and several times saw him going out in his familys car on a Friday or Saturday night. I simply couldnt understand what was so great about girls and parties.But I was hurt when he finally made me know that our friendship was at an end. Of course, he didnt really mean to hurt me, but it was a long time before I realized that it was an age problem that caused the break. There were a world of differences between the ideas and interests of a 17-year-old and a12-year-old. Now that Im over sixteen myself, I realized this, and the hurt I got then has become happy memories of the good times we were once together. I wonder if millions of other boys and girls have hada similar experience.当我开始回忆我所有的朋友的时候，我很快的得出了一个结论，杰瑞是最重要的，在我的生 命中起了最重要的作用。当我十岁的时候，他家就搬到了我们这个街区。当时杰瑞十五岁，但是 事实上他比我大这么多似乎对他来说并没有什么不同。我很高兴他能喜欢我，我们一起散步，他 会给我讲他从电视上或者收音机里听来的故事。但是数个月过后，我们的友谊有了变化。杰瑞几乎不再来我家。每次我去他家或者给他打电 话，他就会以一些接口拒绝我，比如，我正在学习或者我正在帮我妈妈做事。当我们在路上遇见 的时候，他还是会给我一个温暖的微笑，有好的挥手并“你好”，可是他几乎不会再停下来和我说 话。最后我意识到他不再对我有趣了，他的风格变了。偶尔的一次我看见他和一个女孩一起，好几次在一个星期五或者星期六的晚上看见他从自己家车里出来。我一点都不明白，女孩和聚会会 如此重要。当最后我知道我们的友谊结束了时候，我很伤心。当然他的本意并不是伤害我。之后很长的 一段时间我才意识到是年龄问题促使我们友谊的分裂。12岁和17岁孩子的想法和兴趣还是有很大 差异的。我现在过了16岁了，我那时受到的伤害在现在看来是我们曾经在一起的美好时光的快乐 回忆。我在想，是不是上百万的其他那还女孩也有过类似的经历。1. When the writer and Jerry first met, Jerry was 5 years older than the writer. 当作者和杰瑞第一次见面的时候，杰瑞比作者大五岁。A：TB：F2. Their friendship lasted for a few years. 他们的友谊持续了好几年。A：TB：F3. Jerry stopped playing with the writer because he was busy with his study. 杰瑞不和作者一起玩是因为他学习很忙。A：TB：F4. When a change came in their friendship, the writer started going to parties with girls。当他们的友谊发生变化的时候，作者开始和女孩们去聚会。A：TB：F5. The main idea of the passage is that the age difference plays a part in friendship. 这篇文章的主要意 思是年龄差距在友谊中的有一定的作用。A：TB：FKey: ABBBAPassage 4My husband and I got married in 1981 and for the first ten years of our marriage I was very happy to stay home and raise our three children. Then four years ago, our youngest child went to school and I thought I might go back to work.My husband was very supportive and helped me to make my decision. He emphasized all of the things I can do around the house, and said he thought I could be a great success in business.After several weeks of looking for a job, I found my present job, which is working for a small public relations firm. At first, my husband was very proud of me and would tell his friends, “My clever little wife can run that company shes working for.”But as his joking statement approached truth, my husband stopped talking to me about my job. I have received several promotions and pay increases, and Im now making more money than he is. I can buy my own clothes and a new car. Because of our joined incomes, my husband and I can do many things we had always dreamed of doing, but we dont do these things because he is very unhappy.We fight about little things and my husband is very critical of me in front of our friends. For the first time in our marriage, I think it is possible that our marriage may come to an end.I love my husband very much, and I dont want him to feel inferior, but I also love my job. I think I can be a good wife and a working woman, but I dont know how. Who can give me some advice? Will I have to choose one or the other or can I keep both my husband and my new career?在1981年我丈夫和我结婚了，婚后十年，我很乐意留在家中抚养我们的三个孩子。然后在四年前，我们最小的孩子上学了，我想我可能会去工作。我的丈夫非常支持我，帮助我作出了我的决定。他强调我能做好所有的家务，并说他想我 能在商业上取得伟大成功。经过几周找工作，我找了我目前的工作，为一家小型公关公司工作。起初，我的丈夫为我 感到非常自豪，并会告诉他的朋友们，“我聪明的妻子可以胜任公司的工作了。”但是当他开玩笑的话基本是事实后，我的丈夫就不再谈论我的工作。我已经几次获得升职 和加薪，我现在赚的钱比他要多很多。我可以给自己买衣服和一辆新车。因为我们收入增加，我 丈夫和我可以做很多事情，我们曾经梦寐以求的事情，但我们没有做这些事情，因为他很不高兴。我和丈夫经常为小事吵架，并且丈夫在我们的朋友面前老挑我毛病。在我们的婚姻中，我 第一次认为感觉到我们的婚姻可能走到了尽头。我非常爱我的丈夫，我不想让他感到自卑，但我也热爱我的工作。我觉得我能成为一个好 妻子和一个有工作的女人，但是我不知道怎么做。谁可以给我一些建议吗？我要选择其中一个， 或者我可以同时拥有我的丈夫和我的事业？1.The passage most probably written around 1996. 写这篇文章可能在1996年左右。A：TB：F2.The husband was supportive, for he took over what she used to do at home.丈夫是支持她的，因 为他在家代替她做家务。A：TB：F3.Her husband stopped talking to her about her job when her career was approaching success. 当她事业取得成功时，她的丈夫不再跟她谈论她的工作。A：TB：F4.As she was making more money, She could buy many clothes and a new house. 她赚了很多钱，她买了很多衣服和一套新房子。A：TB：F5.The difficult position a working woman is in is a choice between job and marriage.这个女人的困扰是她工作和丈夫间的抉择。A：TB：F5 / 23KEY:ABABAPassage 5Mr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office.One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown, “I will have a small party at our house on Monday evening. Would you and your wife like to come?” Mr Brown says, “Thank you very much. Id love to, but let me ask my wife first.” So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife. Then he comes back and looks very worried. “Whats the matter?” asks Mr Jones. “Is you wife there at home?” “No,” answers Mr Brown. “She isnt there. My small son answers the telephone. I say to him, Is your mother there, David? and he answers No, she isnt in the house. Where is she? I ask, She is somewhere outside. Whats she doing? She is looking for me.” 琼斯先生和布朗先生在同一间办公室里办公。有一天琼斯先生对布朗先生说：“我周一晚上将在我 们家举行一个小型聚会，你和你的太太能来吗？”布朗先生答道：“非常感谢，我很乐意，但是我 得先问一下我太太。所以布朗先生到一间房给妻子打电话。然后他回到办公室，看起来很忧虑。 “怎么了？”琼斯先生关心的问道，“你太太不在家吗？”“是的”，布朗先生答道，“她不在家。 我的小儿子接的电话，我问他妈妈在不？他说，她不在房里。我又问道，去哪儿了？他说，她出去了。我又问，去干什么了？儿子说妈妈去找自己了。”1There is a party at Mr Joness house on Monday evening. 周一晚上琼斯先生家里有个聚会。A：TB：F2Mr Jones asks Mr Brown and his wife to go to the party. 琼斯先生邀请布朗先生和他太太参加聚会。A：TB：F3The telephone is in Mr Browns office. 电话在布朗先生的办公室。A：TB：F4Mr Brown speaks to Mrs Brown on the telephone. 布朗先生在电话上和太太交谈了。A：TB：F5Mrs Brown is looking for her son. 布朗太太正在找她的儿子。A：TB：FKEY:AABBAPassage 6Miss Grey lived in a small house. She was old and did not like noise at all, so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor moved out. A young man moved in. And Miss Grey thought the man seemed to be quiet.But at three oclock the next morning, the noise of a dog woke her up. She thought she had never heard a dog there before. It must be the young mans dog. So she telephoned the young man, said something bad about the dog and then hung up the telephone before he could answer. Nothing more happened until three oclock the next morning. Then Miss Greys telephone rang, and when she answered, a voice said, You telephoned me twenty-four hours ago; Now Ive rung you up to say that Ihavent a dog.格蕾小姐住在一个小房子里。她很老了，不喜欢噪音，所以当她吵闹的邻居搬出去之后，她 很高兴。之后有个年轻人搬进去了，格蕾小姐觉得这个人看起来挺安静的。但是第二天早上的凌 晨三点钟，一只狗的叫声把她吵醒了。她以前从来都没有听到过狗叫声。这一定是那个年轻人的 狗。所以她给那个年轻人打电话，抱怨了一下那条狗，然后在他来不及回答之前，格蕾小姐就挂 断了电话。期间什么也没发生，直到次日早上的凌晨三点。格蕾小姐的电话响了，她接了，电话 里传出一个声音，“你24小时前打了我电话，现在我给你电话是想告诉你我没有狗。”1. Miss Grey felt sorry when her noisy neighbor moved out. 格蕾小姐的邻居搬出去后，她觉得难过。A：TB：F2. Mi8s Greys new neighbor was as noisy as the old one. 格蕾小姐的新邻居和以前的邻居一样，吵闹不堪。A：TB：F3. Some noise woke her up in the early morning. 凌晨时候她被一些声音吵醒了。A：TB：F4. She thought the new neighbor had brought a dog with him. 她认为是她的新邻居养了一条狗。A：TB：F5. The young man rang up Miss Grey in the early morning, because he wanted to punish her. 那个年 轻人凌晨时分给格蕾小姐打电话，因为他想惩罚她。10 / 23A：TB：FKey: BBAAAPassage 7Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a new report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academies. This organization provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public.The report contains some general suggestions. The experts say women should get about two-point-seven liters of water daily. Men should get about three-point-seven liters. But wait in each case, that is more than eight glasses.There is an important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day. People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water.As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity,people could need two times as much water as others do.很多人认为他们一天应该喝八杯水，也就是大约两升。为什么？因为那就是他们一生中听到 的建议。但是最新的报告却提供了不同的建议。专家们说人们应该根据自己的身体需求，喝他们 想喝那么多的水。报告还指出，大多数健康的人满足饮水需求就是让他们自己的需求做主，口渴才喝。这份报告来自医学研究所，国家学术研究的一部分。这个组织为政府和公众提供科学的建议。 这份报告包含一些一般的建议。专家们说女性每天应该喝2.7升水。男性应该喝3.7升。远远不止八杯水。很重要的一点不同就是这份报告并没有告诉人们应该要喝多少杯水。事实上，专家们说要想 知道喝多少杯水才能满足这些准则是不可能的。因为每天对水的需求还可以食物中摄取。人们不 要强迫自己每天必须喝一定数目的水。人们也可以喝果汁，苏打饮料，以及牛奶。人们还喝咖啡 或是茶。这些都含有水。正如你期望的那样，医学研究所建议的，人们只有在剧烈运动时，需要喝更多的水。同样， 住在炎热气候的人们也需要多喝水。取决于炎热气候以及运动，人们可能需要喝常人需求的两倍 的水。1.According to the passage, experts advise people to drink as much water as they feel like drinking根据文章，专家们建议人们根据自己的身体需求，喝他们想喝那么多的水。A：TB：F2. Most healthy people meet their daily needs for water by drinking when they are tired大多数健康的 人都是通过在疲乏时喝水来满足他们对水的日需求。A：TB：F3. The Institute of Medicine usually changes some traditional ideas医学研究所通常会颠覆一些传统的想法。A：TB：F4. Peoples daily water requirement can include the water content in foods人们日饮水需求也包括了食物中所含的水分。A：TB：F5. People need to drink more water when they live in hot climates居住在炎热气候的人们需要喝更多的水。A：TB：FKey: ABBAAPassage 8Lets watch the weather forecast on television. We may go to Scotland, we may go to Wales orLondon. We can decide after the forecast.Good morning, and here is the weather forecast for tomorrow. Northern Scotland will be cold, and there may be snow over High Ground. In the north of England it will be a wet day and rain will move into Wales and the Midlands during the afternoon. East Anglia（英格兰） will be generally dry, and it will be a bright clear day with sunshine, but it may rain during the evening. In the southwest it may be foggy during the morning, but the afternoon will be clear. It may be windy later in the day.让我们来看一看电视上的天气预报。我们可以去苏格兰,我们可以去威尔士或伦敦。我们可以听完天气预报后做决定。“早上好,这里是明天的天气预报。苏格兰北部将会很冷,会有大雪覆盖。在英格兰的北部,这将 是一个下雨天，雨水会到下午转移到威尔士中部地区。East Anglia将普遍乾燥,这将是一个阳光明 媚的晴天,但在晚间可能会下雨。在西南部地区清晨可能会有雾气,但在下午会放晴，当天晚些时候 会有刮风。”1.The speaker is planning to go traveling within the country.说话者正计划在这个国家去旅行。A：TB：F2.The speaker can fly to Northern Scotland tomorrow morning, because it wont be foggy there tomorrow.说话者可以明天早上飞往苏格兰北部，因为它明天不会有浓雾。A：TB：F3.It will be a bright clear day in East Auglia tomorrow.明天East Anglia是晴朗的一天。A：TB：F4.The forecast mainly tells us the whole country will have fine weather tomorrow.天气预报主要告诉我们明天整个国家都将有好的天气。A：TB：F5.You can infer from the passage that none of the places offers ideal weather tomorrow for travel. 可 以推断，明天天气不适合去旅游。A：TB：FKey: AABBAPassage 9Jean-Michael Lourdis was a promising young pianist. But when the young man played, it seemedto him, as if his hands were iron. He worried so much about his playing that he became oversensitive（过度敏感的）to the comments of his playing. Unfortunately, in those days, a criti（c批评家）was notconsidered a critic, unless he found something wrong. This attitude of the critics would often leave the young man ready to give up his dream and return home.He was invited to play in Helsinki. The rich, the famous, the leaders of State were all there. Jean-Michael had one of those days when everything went wrong. That night as he played, he felt as if it were the worst concert of his