积极心理学ppt课件

BeliefsasSelf FulfillingProphecies RogerBannister Outline BeliefsshaperealityHowitworksOptimizingoptimismRaisingourbeliefs Wearewhatwethink Allthatweareariseswithourthoughts Withourthoughts wemakeourworld TheBuddha Pygmalion Pygmalion Pygmalionintheclassroom RobertRosenthal Intheworkplace Jamieson 1987 Treatamanasaheisandhewillremainasheis Treatamanashecanandshouldbeandheshallbecomeashecanandshouldbe JohannWolfgangvonGoethe ThePoweroftheSituation Milgram sObediencetoAuthority Zimbardo sPrisonExperiment The Positive PoweroftheSituation menabove75weekin 1959 resortmentalandbiologicalagedecreasesLanger 1989 testingeyesightImproveswithrole Langer 1979 PositivePriming Bargh 1999 Dijksterhuis VanKnippensberg 1998 Creatingapositiveenvironmentpictures people places etc pleasantobjects memorabilia flowers etc quotes TheSelf HelpMovement Whateveryourmindcanconceiveandbelieveitcanachieve NapoleonHill Whetheryouthinkyoucanorcan t youareright HenryFord TheSelf HelpMovement Havegreathopesanddaretogoalloutforthem Havegreatdreamsanddaretolivethem Havetremendousexpectationsandbelieveinthem NormanVincentPeale AlbertBanduraonSelfEfficacy Beliefsinpersonalefficacyaffectlifechoices levelofmotivation qualityoffunctioning resiliencetoadversityandvulnerabilitytostressanddepression Peoplewhoregardthemselvesashighlyefficaciousact think andfeeldifferentlyfromthosewhoperceivethemselvesasinefficacious Theyproducetheirownfuture ratherthansimplyforetellit CultivatedovertimeCurry 1997 oncollegeathletes NathanielBrandenonSelf Esteem Thelevelofourself esteemhasprofoundconsequencesforeveryaspectofourexistence howweoperateintheworkplace howwedealwithpeople howhighwearelikelytorise howmuchwearelikelytoachieve and inthepersonalrealm withwhomwearelikelytofallinlove howweinteractwithourspouse children andfriends whatlevelofpersonalhappinessweattain Selfconceptisdestiny ThePlaceboEffect BeliefsasSelf fulfillingProphecies BeliefsExpectations Performance Motivation Consistency Interpretation Objective Subjective Ifailedmywaytosuccess ThomasEdison OptimismandPessimism Seligman InterpretationstyleSuccess Mental physicalhealthimmunesystemresiliencehappinesslongevityItcanbelearned OptimizingOptimism Whataboutunrealisticbeliefs OptimizingOptimism Whataboutunrealisticbeliefs TheStockdaleParadoxPositivethinkingisnotenough Falseoptimismsoonerorlatermeansdisillusionment angerandhopelessness AbrahamMaslow The Secret ofSuccess Optimism passion hardwork Thereisnosubstituteforhardwork ThomasEdison Iamagreatbelieverinluck andIfindthattheharderIwork theluckierIget ThomasJefferson WhatAboutHappinessandSelf Esteem Dohighexpectationsleadtodisappointment Self esteem success pretensionsWilliamJames CopingversusAvoidance OnBecomingAnOptimist Justdoit action Imaginethat visualization Cognitivetherapy rationalthinking TakingAction Bandura HardWorkCoping Success Self Efficacy Todareistoloseone sfootingmomentarily Nottodareistoloseoneself SorenKierkegaard ImaginingSuccess Themindassimulator Kosslyn 1994 FocusonjourneyanddestinationInvolvedifferentsensesEvokeemotions CognitiveTherapy ThoughtsdriveemotionRestoringrationalityHighlyeffectiveAnacquiredskill TheTenCognitiveDistortions DavidBurns 1 All or nothingthinking2 Over generalization3 Mentalfilter4 Disqualifyingthepositive5 JumpingtoconclusionsMindreadingFortunetelling6 Magnifyingorminimizing7 Emotionalreasoning8 Should or must statements9 Labeling10 Personalizationandblame ExtremelyHappyPeople DienerandSeligman 2002 EveryoneexperiencesnegativeemotionsDifferentcognitiveinterpretations pessimistsvs optimists Self fulfillingpropheciesSpiralingdownorup Ayres J Hopf T 1992 Visualization ReducingSpeechAnxietyandEnhancingPerformance CommunicationReports 5 1 10 Bandura A 1999 PerceivedSelf EfficacyinCognitiveDevelopmentandFunctioning EducationalPsychologist 28 2 117 148 Benson H 1997 TimelessHealing Scribner Burns D 1999 FeelingGood TheNewMoodTherapy Avon Langer E 1989 Mindfulness Addison Wesley Leahy R L 2003 CognitiveTherapyTechniques APractitioner sGuide GuilfordPublication White S S Locke E A 2000 ProblemswiththePygmalionEffectandSomeProposedSolutions L