BOOK7Unit5Travellingabroad.doc

BOOK 7 Unit5 Travelling abroad1.board v. to go on a ship or public vehicle 登上（船，机动车或飞机等）；to stay in a someones house that you pay for 寄宿，供应膳食The passengers boarded the plane at 9:00 am. 乘客们上午9点登机。She arranged to board some visitors from the USA. 她供一些美国客人食宿。【拓展】board用作名词，表示“木板；膳宿费；委员会；理事会”。常用短语：on board 在火车（轮船、飞机）上Each student has to pay $100 a month for board and lodging. 每个学生每月要付100美元膳宿费。Our company has three women on its board of directors. 我们公司董事会里有三位女性。Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. 车上的每个人都很着急，我们急于想弄明白发生了什么事。2.qualificationn. a proof that a person has passed exams and gained a certain degree of knowledge.意为“资格，执照”，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。常用短语：admission qualification 入学资格 without qualification 无条件地a doctors qualification 当医生的资格What qualifications have you got to have for this job? 你有什么能做这项工作的资格吗？She was lucky enough to pass the qualification for the 29th Olympic Games.她很幸运获取了参加第二十九届奥运会的资格。【拓展】 qualify vt., vi.表示“（使）合格；（使）具有资格”，经常与for连用。如：Do you qualify for the vote? 你有选举权吗？A degree in English does not qualify you to teach English. 英语的学位不能使你获得做英语老师的权利。3.recommendvt. to speak to someone in favour of or praise,意为“推荐，推举”，如：Can you recommend me some new books on this subject? 你能推荐一些有关这个学科的新书给我吗?Mr. Smith recommended his student as a good engineer. 史密斯先生推荐他的学生，说他是个好工程师。【拓展1】 recommend 也表示“劝告；忠告”，与advise用法相似。常用搭配：recommend sb. to do sth. /recommend doing sth.recommend+从句（should+动词原形，should可省略）例如：The doctor recommended the patient to take more exercise. 医生劝病人多锻炼。He recommended that everyone should buy this dictionary. 他建议每个人都买这本词典。【拓展2】recommendation n. 推荐（信），介绍，劝告【拓展3】接“（should）+动词原形结构”的虚拟语气形式的动词与名词：1. advise, decide, insist, persist, demand, desire, require, request, propose, suggest, command, order, recommend, ask, urge等动词所接宾语从句中。2. 与上述表示“建议、要求、决定、命令”一类词相对应的名词构成的表语从句、同位语从句等中。The requirement that students (should) learn to protect themselves is successfully carried out in most school. 学生必须学会保护自己这一要求在大多数学校都能顺利实施。4.substituten. a person or thing acting in place of another. 意为“代替者（物）, 代用品”如：There is no substitute for good food and exercise. 没有什么能替代健康食物和锻炼。He is the doctors substitute during holiday times. 假期他给医生替班。【拓展】substitute 也用作动词，意为“用代替”常用短语：substitute A for B 用A取代B，多指暂时代替或代理。substitute for sb. 代替某人区别：同义词replace多指以新换旧，以好代坏，且与with连用。如：We substituted potatoes for rice. 我们用土豆代替米饭Homemade parts are being substituted for imported ones. 国产零件正在代替进口零件。Bill substituted for Larry who was off sick. 比尔代替了有病请假的拉里。但是：Can anything replace a mothers love and care?有什么东西能取代母亲的爱和关怀吗?5.acknowledgevt. to agree to the truth of or to recognize the fact or existence of ，意为“承认；接受，公认为”；也表示“ 答谢，表示感谢”的意思。常用短语：acknowledge . as 认为是 acknowledge a favor 答谢所受到的关照 I acknowledge the truth of his statement. 我承认他叙述的真实性。It is universally acknowledged that dogs have an acute sense of smell. 狗嗅觉灵敏是大家都接受的。Joe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year. 乔被认为是本年度最好的篮球运动员。【拓展】acknowledgement n.表示“承认, 确认, 感谢”。 如：He was given a present in acknowledgement of his work for the business.他得到了一个礼物，以感谢他为这项生意所做的工作。6.occupyvt. take up, fill (space, time, attention, the mind) 占，填满常用短语：occupy oneself in/with 从事于, 忙于be occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事（in可省）Is the seat occupied? 这个座位有人了吗？His books occupy a lot of space in his room. 他的书占用了房间的许多地方。His mother is occupied with various social activities. 他妈妈终日忙着各种社交活动。The workers were fully occupied in building new houses. 这些工人们忙着建房子。【拓展】occupy：也表示“占据，拥有”。He occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education. 他在教育部把持重位。7.adjust toadjust to sth./ adjust oneself to sth.: （使）适应.The reasonable man adjusts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adjust the world to himself. (Bernard Show) 有理性的人使自己适应世界；无理性的人力图让世界适应自己。（萧伯纳）Could you adjust to the life in that busy city? 你能适应在那座繁忙的城市的生活吗？完成句子：她花了几个月时间来适应在那个小村子的生活。_ _ her several months _ _ _ the life in the small village.【答案与解析】It; took; to; adjust; to。8.keep up/ fit in （with）【原句回放】 Keep it up, Xie Lei. Chinese student fitting in well.keep it up相当于continue doing or trying，表示“保持优秀成绩, 坚持下去”，其中it本身词义模糊，只是帮助构成习语。 如：If only he could keep it up, he would break the world record. 只要他坚持不懈，他就能够打破世界纪录。【拓展】1. keep up 保持，维持，（天气）持续不变If this rain keeps up, the garden will be ruined. 如果雨继续下，花园就毁了。The shortage of supplies is keeping the price up. 供应短缺使价格居高不下。 2. 相关短语：keep up ones spirits 保持精神高昂 keep up with sb. 跟得上, 不落后；keep sb. up 不让上床(睡觉) keep sth. up (使)照顾好并保持良好情况。keep away避开，离开 keep back后退，抑制 (情感)；keep off不靠近 keep in touch with与保持联系；keep a close watch on监视，密切注视【点拨2】fit in（with）：get along (with); be in a suitable relation (with) 相处融洽；适应The old womans children all work hard and fit in well. 这个老太太的孩子们都工作努力，相处融洽/适应能力强。Its necessary for us to fit in well with the times. 我们必须与时俱进。9.get used toget/be used to：become familiar with or know sth. quite well，表示“对适应，习惯”。 如：The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. 这些宇航员不久就适应了失重状态。I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. 我习惯乘飞机旅行，而且只有一次我曾感到害怕。You must get used to getting up early. 你一定习惯早起。【拓展】辨析：used to do sth , get used to doing sth.，be used to do sth used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，强调现在不再做了。有情态动词的某些特征，改为一般疑问句时可把did提前，也可把used提前；改为否定句时，可用usednt或used not。Did the river use to be clear and clean? 那条河过去是又清澈又干净的吗?There usednt to be a railway station in that area那一地区原来没有火车站。 be/get used to sth. / doing sth. 其中to是介词， 意为“习惯于某物或做某事”。After weeks，the foreigners were used to fetching water from a well过了几个星期，那些外国人习惯于从井里打水了。 be used to do “被用来做某事”，是被动语态。Plastics can be used to make all kinds of things塑料能用来制造各种各样的东西。【点拨2】take up占(时间，空间)； 继续；开始做；吸收(液体)My time is taken up with practicing piano. 我的时间都被练琴占用了。Lets take up the tale at the point where I left yesterday. 我们接着昨天讲的继续讲这个故事。The old man took up painting after he retired from work. 这个老人退休后开始画画。【拓展】相关短语：take in 留宿 take off（飞机）起飞 ，脱掉，剪掉take on呈现，雇佣take over接手；接管take the place of 代替 take apart 拆开take part in 参加take place 发生take a chance 冒险10.as far as one is concerned【原句回放】Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing. 【点拨】as far as one is concerned相当于according to sbs opinion，表示“就某人而言”如：As far as he was concerned, he was satisfied with your answer.就他而言，他对你的答案是满意的。As far as the weather is concerned I dont think it will matter if we go there tomorrow.就天气而言，我认为我们明天去那儿没什么关系。【拓展】as/so far as 远至，在.范围，就.而言。As far as I know, he used to work in a big company. 据我所知，他过去在一家大公司工作。He can walk as far as the gate now. 他现在能一直走到大门口。相关短语:soas far as I can see 依我看来so far = up to now 迄今为止So far the search for the missing middle-aged woman has been fruitless. 至今为止，对失踪的中年妇人的搜寻毫无结果。11.out of the question不可能的，不值得讨论的A trip to America is out of the question for me this year because I dont have enough money.今年我去美国旅行是不可能的，因为我钱不够。【拓展】beyond question 毫无疑问 With all his hard work, his success is beyond question. 他那么努