6——商务报告.doc

第六讲 商务报告第一节 商务报告的内容与特点 如果说商务便函与便条是企业内部员工之间的书面联系手段， 商务信函是企业对外进行书面联络的手段，那么，商务报告的功能则是兼而有之。换言之，商务报告既适用于企业面向外界机构与人员进行业务往来，例如向公司股东们呈交的年度报告、分红配股报告等，亦适用于企业内部上下级之间、员工之间的信息沟通，例如市场调查报告等。 商务报告应用广泛，内容包罗万象，涉及了财务（Finance）、审计（Audit）、损益（Profits & Losses）、投资（Investment）、年度（Annual）、生产（Production）、销售（Sales）、市场分析（Market Analysis）、人事（Personnel）等。一般将商务报告的写作目的归纳为： 提供信息 (Information) 这一般是下级向上级报告有关的活动安排、企划方案及遇到的困难等，使之能及时了解和掌握最新动向，并再次基础上作出相应的决策。如：有关办公大楼工程建设的进度报告。 记录备查 越来越多的企业倾向于把获得到的情报和信息进行永久性归档保存，以备将来查阅。例如：有关考察投资的可行性报告。 提出建议 (Recommendation) 报告人再对提交的数据或信息进行分析和说明的基础上，提出自己的看法和建议，供决策人斟酌、采纳。 说服劝导 BEC写作测试中有关商务报告的题目分类： 文字类的题目 图表类的题目 第二节 商务报告的结构I. 商务报告的标题 1. 标题应写为 Report on ， 不能写为Report : 2. 应遵循以下原则： 标题应涵盖面小 (narrow) 标题应具体适中 (specific) 标题应突显报告的重要性 (significant)II. 商务报告的结构及常用句型1. Introduction 介绍写作背景，阐明报告要讨论的问题。常用句型 The aim/purpose/objective of this report is to This report sets out to /aims to Mr. X has asked me to report to investigate / evaluate / study / recommend / analyze / give feedback / estimate / assess As requested by/ Upon request of某人/某部门, I am submitting the following report about As某人/某部门 requested on November 12, I am submitting the following report on 2. Findings常用句型 According to the recent market research undertaken / investigation / survey undertaken / the chart above / the table, . The recent visit/investigation/survey showed that The table/chart above tells us that From the chart shown, we find/learn/notice that The table/chart above is showing that3. Conclusion常用句型 It was decided/agreed/felt that No conclusions were reached regarding According to/ Based on the findings above, it can be concluded that From the table shown, it can be concluded that Therefore, it can be concluded that也可直接陈述结论。4. Recommendations1) 写作中注意事项 建议必须是建立在结论的逻辑基础上，是结论的合理引申。注意建议的合理性与层次性 言之有据，前后呼应。 言之有理，言之可行。 数码标段，层次分明。 2) 常用句型 注意: recommendation以及recommend后面要用动词原形（虚拟语气）。 We would recommend that It is suggested/ recommended that The following are the recommendations Based on the conclusion / analysis above, we recommend that / it can be concluded that With reference to the facts /advantages stated above, the following recommendations can be made Something is recommended. eg, A change of attitude is recommended. A more professional attitude will need to be encouraged through training. On the basis of the results, I have the following recommendations: On the basis of the analysis, it is reasonable to have the following recommendations: 如果需要进一步拓展，可以描述一下建议实施后可预期的进展或者景象。具体说法是，建议结束之后，so that 或者 thus 3) 请看下面的范文，注意里面所提出的建议。例题You work for Tomatsu, a company which produces video recorders. You are responsible for Product Development.Read the following table showing the results of a survey of video recorders. The recorders are rated from * (POOR) to * * * * * (EXCELLENT). Column A shows the ratings for your companys products. Column B shows the ratings for the products of Shikei, your main competitor.Use the information in the table to write a short report (about 100- 120 words) recommending ways of improving the quality and the marketing of your companys video recorders.TomatsuShikeiValue for moneyReliabilityAfter-sales serviceAvailabilityAdvertising* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *【相关词汇】In terms of With reference to In the aspect of As for be superior to enjoy much privilege/advantage overCompared with our competitor, our products have a wider presence in the market.(如何写Availability)【范文】Report on Companys Quality Improvement and MarketingIntroductionThis report sets out to find ways to improve the quality and the marketing of our companys video recorders.Findings According to the recent market research undertaken, we notice that As for Value for Money, Reliability, and Advertising, Shikei enjoys more privilege over us. Compared with our competitor, our products have a wider presence in the market. We both perform not well enough to meet customers needs.Conclusion From the table shown, it can be concluded that our efforts in the aforesaid fields are less successful than those of Shikei. The results of the market survey are dissatisfying.Recommendations On the basis of the results, I recommend the following effective measures be taken immediately:1. To organize quality circles to study and supervise every sector in our production so that any quality problems can be discussed and solved in the course of production.2. To give the marketing manager more power to make his own decisions so that he can respond to the changing business situation timelier.(去掉划线部分，字数142。基本达到考试要求)III.常用句型1描述现象 In the past few decades, there is a marked increase/decrease in In recent years there has been a dramatic change in In the past few months, there has been a boom in In the past few years, has been on the rise/decline. With the rapid development of With the remarkable improvement of With the amazing advance of Recently, the issue of has been in the limelight引人注目. Recently, the problem of has become the focus of the public concern. Recently, the question of has crept into the public attraction.2陈述观点 It is commonly thought that It is a common sense that It is generally accepted that It is a popular belief that It is universally believed that It is a common misconception that It is widely conceived that It is a widely acknowledged point that It is prevalently assumed that It is an extensively held opinion that Nowadays, a great many of people believe In the popular view, Nowadays, an overwhelming majority of people think that To the general public, Nowadays, an increasing percentage of people hold that In most peoples mind,3 分析原因 Many factors have converged to create the crisis/disaster. The change/phenomenon is attributable/ascribable/due to There are a number of reasons responsible for the phenomenon in question. Reflecting on the problem/ under discussion, we can say for certain that it results from/can be attributed to We can regard/perceive the change as a mark/consequence/reflection of 4举例说明 This assertion can be tellingly有效地 documented用文件证明 by The opinion/claim is persuasively supported by many instances in our daily lives. A case in point is Take the case of 5得出结论 Considering the phenomenon and the different attitudes, its rational/natural for us to conclude In conclusion/In summary/To sum up/In a word/In short, we should/must do Taking all these factors into consideration, we may sensibly arrive at the conclusion that6提出建议 Considering the problem, it is apparent that measures should be taken. 下面三句在BEC写作测试中不要用。 It disturbs me to learn that It pains me to think that It tortures me to find that第三节 解读商务图表信息I. 图表类题的分类1分类 表格 (table) TomatsuShikeValue for moneyReliabilityAfter-sales serviceAvailabilityAdvertising* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 饼状图 (pie chart) 柱形图 (bar chart) 曲线图 (line chart/graph) 2写作注意事项1） 在看图表作文写作时，作者要仔细分析图表的文字说明和数字表述，在完全理解的基础上，对其进行归纳总结，从中发现要说明的问题。 语言表达要准确、精炼，用词要恰当，文章要有较强的逻辑性。 对图表中给予的繁多的资料数据勿需全部予以描述，而是要选择有典型性，代表性的重点。2） 图表作文可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和饼形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应了解这四种图在写作方面的不同特点。 表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。 曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。 柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。 饼形图表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系，旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。II. 概括图表信息的常用词组和表达方式1上升趋势to increase / an increase to go up to grow / a growth to jump / a jump to leap / a leap to reach a peak / a peak to soar / a soar to skyrocket to rise / a rise to upsurge / an upsurge to upswing / an upswing高涨2下降趋势 to collapse / a collapse to decline / a decline to decrease / a decrease to reduce / a reduction to drop / a drop to fall / a fall to go down to reach a low point / a low point3程度升降程度较大a great deal /big/a lot muchclear / clearly apparent / apparently obvious / obviouslyconsiderable / considerablyimportant / importantlydramatic / dramaticallygreat /greatlydrastic / drasticallymarked / markedlyfastquick / quicklyrapid / rapidlyremarkable / remarkablysharp ,/sharplysignificant / significantlystrong / stronglysudden / suddenly升降程度较小a bita littlefractional / fractionallygentle / gentlygradual / graduallyhardlylittleslight / slightly/marginallyslow / slowlysmallsteady / steadily4平稳状态to be hardly changedto have little changeto keep steadyto level off/outto remain constantto remain unchanged例句 Truck sales rose steadily from October to December.A steady fall in sales during November and December followed the sharp increase in October.Truck sales dropped during November but increased again in December to exceed October sales.Truck sales hardly changed throughout the period, except for a slight increase in November.A slow but steady increase was followed by a sharp fall and an increase towards the end.Truck sales dropped down in October, but remained unchanged for the rest of the period.5描述饼图的句型模版 比较主体 中的一部分 is / occupies/ constitutes / accounts for ?% in the whole pie chart.做出比较 The 比较主体 doubled / tripled in 时间 compared with those in 时间. A在XX期间增长了一倍/两倍。 The 比较主体 in 地点 in 时间 is in contrast to in 地点 in 时间. A在XX期间的数量是XX，然而/同时，B在XX期间的数量是XX A is in direct proportion to B. AB成正比 (A is directly proportional to B.) A is in inverse/reciprocal proportion to B. AB成反比。 (A is inversely/reciprocally proportional to B.) A has 倍数 as many/much 比较主体 as B. A是B的多少倍 A has the same 比较主体 as B. AB相同/相等6. 其它参考句型1. At a slower rate 2. It reflects the great differences that exist between 3. These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figure of 4. It can be seen from the chart that significantlyerthan 5. In all locations, A outnumbered B 6. These two pie charts show the differences between two groups of 7. The first point to note is the huge increase (in the number of) 8. A is more than *times (bigger) than B 9. The biggest loss was to A, which decreased from*to *of the whole. 10. The biggest gains (in graduate numbers) were made by A which, as a group, have increased by over *% 11. To sum up, 12. This bar chart displays the numbers of 13. The chart reflects several trends. 14. ButWe see a different trend emerging. 15. When we compare, we see 16. This suggests increased educational opportunities for women in higher education. 17. According to the graph, 18. The proportion of 19. There was a slight recovery 20. has dropped dramatically 21. The general trend appears to be increases. 22. There were approximately 23. had jumped four fold to* 24. rose sharply from* to * 25. Remained constant at * 26. The overall trend for 27. The graph shows the percentage of 28. We can see thatswell膨胀/增大 during the hours, peaking at*am. 29. Although the raw data does not provide an explanation for these trends, 30. When coupled with the graphic information, leads to some possible conclusions. 31. This may serve to explain, at least in part, the mirror image of the two lines. 32. Perhaps the most telling显著的 feature of the chart is the dominance of 33. The graph relates the percentage of 34. Rise gradually to about 10% 35. After a slight drop around lunch time, audiences begin a fairly steady climb towards the peak viewership in the hours form 6pm to 10pm at some 4045%. 36. A sharp decline follows to 37. Listenership drops steadily from this peak, crossing the line for television views at around 2pm. 38. It continues to decline throughout the evening until reaching a low point at 2am. 39. The graph proves the dominance of 40. During the peak period of, But during the peak period of 41. The diagram unfolds a clear comparison between 42. The United States as a whole in four aspects, namely,*,*,*,*, 43. Obviously, in every aspect, 44. had a much higher growth rate than as a whole during that period. 45. The number of increased by % 46. The most rapid increase of all the four aspects As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive. 47. The number of dropped by % 48. From the diagram it can be safely concluded that (in the years) 49. There were many significant changes (in modes of transport) 50. The following paragraphs will identify and discuss the trends in the accompanying graph. 51. A very noticeable trend was the steady decrease in 52. During the same period, there was a large increase 53. This increased again第四节 总结&例题I. 商务报告的结构呈现如下特点：introductiondescription & analysis of people, places, institutions of events, series of events, human activities of figures, statistics of tables, charts, graphsconclusion commendation & praisecriticism &blameoffering assessment of worth or valuerecommendations, suggestions & advice Id recommend/suggest thatId recommend/suggest people to My suggestion / advice would be.warningsII. 注意四个方面：1. 内容上，要选取重要信息，要导入数据2. 结构上，要按照上面的套路，不要写流水账3. 语言上，要多变，句式和选词都要多变4. 语法上，要注意时态，一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成III. 例题例题A：文字类题目 You work for a company that sells electrical goods. You have recently visited a potential supplier in Slovakia. Look at the memo and your handwritten notes. Write a 120 - 140 word report recommending whether your company should deal with the supplier or not.Quite low due to old machinesTo: AlanFrom: GeorginaDate: 16 February 2000Re: Your visit to Ludova Technologies SlovenskoAlanHeres the information about Ludova Technologies. It isnt much, Im afraid, but its all we have.The company is 15 years old and employs about 20 people. Its located in the south west of Slovakia, on the Austrian border. They make electrical goods such as pocket radios, but were not really sure what else.Can you find out the following and write a report recommending what we should do?Dont forget to make a final recommendation. The factoryl What are the production facilities like?Old equipment, but modernisation plannedl What is the production capacity?Productsl What is the product range like?Wide range, good qualityProduction timesl How quickly can they deliver?Your flight and hotel are booked and Mr pavol Kukura will meet you at the airport on Friday. Good luck!Long delivery times-explain why【范文】Report on suitability of Ludova Technologies Slovensko (LTS)IntroductionThis report aims to assess whether the Slovakian company Ludova Technologies would be a suitable supplier of electrical goods.FindingsA recent visit to the company shows that its facilities are quite old, resulting in a limited production capacity. Despite this, LTS produces an extensive range of high-quality products including radios, cassette recorders and CD players.However, out-of-date machinery means delivery times of up to three months. This may change when the planned modernisation takes place.ConclusionLTS would not be suitable for large orders that require quick deliveryRecommendationsIt is recommended that we remain in contact with LTS and reconsider a supply contract once the factory modernisation is completed.例题B You work for Marks & Spencer, Britains leading retailer. Your company plans to invest in a local retail market. You are asked to assess the local purchasing power. Read the following pie chart which demonstrates the local family income after taxes. Use the information in the chart to write a report interpreting the chart, discussing the prospects of your companys investment in the local retail market, and explaining the conclusion you reach from the information in the chart and how the chart supports your conclusion. Local Family Income After Taxes【范文】Report As you requested on November 12, I am submitting the following report on the assessment of the local purchasing power. From the chart shown, we can find that about 70% of the families have an income over $5000, while only about 30% of the families have an income u