高考常考英语语法-高考英语语法总结.docx

高考常考英语语法:高考英语语法总结高考常考英语语法一、动词时态及语态题(大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等)1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.2、By the time we got there, the play had already begun.3、When I was a child, I knew that the earth turns about its a*is.4、When Mr.Delay got home after a days e*hausting work, his wife and children were sleeping.二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别)1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别)2、Having finishing his lecture, the teacher asked if anyone wished to ask a question.3、The problem being discussed is very important.4、Given more time, we are sure to finish it. 5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here?三、 It作形式主语及形式宾语题(这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的,注意it还可以指时间，天气等。)1、It is difficult to study English well.2、We think it is important to pass the e*am.四、 强调句型(大家要记住的是it is (was).that.,如果前面是it is/was 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who)1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.2、It is what you will do that is important.3、When was it that he bought a new car?五、倒装句型 全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次，考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装) 1、Stop talking! There comes the teacher. 部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有,我们一般要在倒装里做选择)1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.2、Not only does he study well, but also he is always ready to help others.3、Mary has done well in the English e*am. So she has. She always does well in the e*am.六、从句中选择关系词题(重点在定语从句, because/since/now that/as/for; sothat/such that)1、It was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.2、Oct.15, 2005 is a day when we will take our English e*amination.3、We want to buy the same book as you are reading.4、The sun heats the earth, which is very important to living things.七、虚拟语气(我们要记住与现在，过去，将来相反的三种情况，特别是与过去相反的情况最常考，再有就是wish/as if 后面所接的三种情况，还有一个常考点在suggest,demand,require,order等表示建议，要求，命令的词后面加从句时，从句里谓语要用(should)+动词原形，如果是被动则用(should +be +动词过去分词)1、I would have done it better if I had had more time.2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.3、I suggest that we (should )adopt a different policy.4、Had it not been for your help, we would never have been able to get over the difficulties.八、情态动词题(除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外，常考点在三种表推测的情况，分别为must表对现在事情的肯定推测，cant表对现在事实的否定推测， must have +v-ed表示对过去事实的肯定推测，而should have +v-ed则表示过去应该做某事而没有做)1、The ground is so wet, it must have rained last night.2、She must be a doctor, I think.3、I should have called you last week, but I was too busy then.九、几组形容词及副词区别题(注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达; likely/possible/probable; worth/worthy; too much/much too; already/yet等)1、His books are three time as many as my books.2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.3、It is much too hot tonight.4、The harder he worked, the happier he felt.十、主谓一致题(往往出题者都是考谓语动词选单数这种情况，如each,every,everyone这样的词作主语以及Mary, like many other girls, likes listening to music.这样的题)1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.3、Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.(就近原则)十一、动词及动词词组区别题(常考的有raise/rise/arise/arose; spend/cost/take/pay/afford; wound/injure/hurt/damage; find/find out/discover/invent; hit/strike/ring/beat; tell/say/speak/talk; join/join in/take part in等以及我所讲过的动词短语)1、Can you tell the difference between these two words?2、He joined the army three years ago.十二、主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时(或现在完成时)表将来题1、They will leave the classroom when they have finished writing.2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.十三、名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the题(名词的格有以下两种情况，Toms book, 以及 the books of our school，特别是用of表示的所有格我们一定要习惯这种表达)1、Beijing is the capital of China.2、He cant have the e*perience of all of the world.十四、常用介词区别题(如on, in, e*cept /besides, within, without, through等)1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.3、by bus/train/air. On foot, on the farm, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night/noon十五、常考代词题(常考的有other/others, another/the other; sometimes/some time/sometime; that/which; that/what, either/neither/or; too/also/either; many/much/a great deal of/a great number of/a great amount of; a few/few/little/a little; as long as/as far as; so long as/so far as )1、That you dont like him is none of my business.2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.3、He must be a worker. I think so.高考英语常考的*个“长难”副词1. moreover adv. 而且，再者，此外，加之The firm did the work very well. Moreover，the cost was not too high.这家公司做得十分出色，而且费用也不太高。The price is reover it isnt in a suitable position.价钱太高，而且位置也不合适。2. therefore adv. 因此，所以He was busy;therefore he could not come.他很忙，所以不能来。The new trains have more powerful engines and are therefore faster.新火车安装了更强的发动机，因此车速更快。3. otherwise adv. 否则，不然You must pay your ta*es on time;otherwise，you will be punished.你必须及时交税，否则你就会受罚。You must work hard;otherwise you will not learn English well.你必须用功，否则就学不好英语。4. meanwhile adv. 与此同时，在此期间Theyll be here in ten minutes. Meanwhile，well have some coffee.他们10分钟后到这儿，现在我们先喝点咖啡。Jane was painting the wall and meanwhile Pat was watching TV.简在刷墙漆，与此同时帕特在看电视。5. practically adv. 几乎，简直，差不多;实际上，事实上The holidays are practically over;there is only one day left.假期差不多完了，只剩下一天了。Practically，we have solved all these problems.事实上，我们解决了全部的问题。6. gradually adv. 逐渐地Things gradually improved.情况在逐渐改善。And gradually their talk ceased;long silence followed.他们的谈话慢慢停了下来，接着便是长时间的沉默。7. actually adv. 实际上，事实上，说实在的Actually thats not quite right.实际上，那不完全正确。He talks big but doesnt actually do anything.他光吹牛，什么实际的事都不干。8. appro*imately adv. 大约，大概The accident happened at appro*imately 5：30.事故大约发生在五点半。These visits had continued regularly，appro*imately every third week.这些参观定期进行，大约每三周一次。9. generally adv. 通常，一般，广泛地，普遍地Doctors generally work long hours.医生通常工作时间都很长。Generally he watches TV for two hours in the evening.一般他晚上看两小时的电视。10. obviously adv. 明显地，显然He was obviously drunk.他显然喝醉了。He found a young and beautiful girl，who kept shouting and crying，obviously mad.他发现了一个年轻漂亮的姑娘，这个姑娘又喊又哭，分明是疯了。11. however adv. (表示转折)可是，然而My room is small;however，its comfortable.我的房间很小，但很舒服。He said that it was so;he was mistaken，however.他说情况如此，可是他错了。12. e*tremely adv. 极其，非常I admire his courage e*tremely.我非常钦佩他的勇气。I cant work because your radio is e*tremely loud.你的收音机太响，我都不能工作了。13. narrowly adv. 勉强地，差点没He narrowly escaped being run over.他差一点被车撞倒。He narrowly missed being seriously injured.他差点受了重伤。14. occasionally adv. 偶尔，间或We only have dinner parties very occasionally these days.这些日子我们不经常有宴会。Its all right to asionally，but dont let it become a habit.偶尔借点钱倒没什么，只是不要成为一种习惯。15. eventually adv. 最后，终于He worked so hard that eventually he made himself ill.他工作如此努力，以至于最后病倒了。We waited three days for the letter and eventually it came. 我们等了三天，信终于来了。高考英语常考的9大类动词一. 表示“使/让”概念的动词这类动词常见的有：have, let, make, get, keep, drive, send, leave, force, cause等.它们后边分别可跟不定式，分词，形容词、介词短语，名词等作宾语补足语。例如：I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.对不起，让你久等了。The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨。二. 不定式做宾补，不定式符号可以省略的动词常见的有;see, watch, hear, observe, feel, notice, listen to, llook at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等。这类词在变为被动语态时，其后不定式符号 to常补出。例如：We are made to work far into the night.我们被迫干活到深夜。注：在这种结构中，watch，have，let一般不变为被动语态。如： The boy was watched to come out。(误)三. 不定式作宾语补足语，其后内容省略而只保留不定式符号的动词此类动词常见的有：refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,e*pect,tell,hope,like,love,plan,try, prefer,wish等。例如：-Why did you cause the baby cry?-I did nt mean to.四. 引导宾语从句用虚拟预期的动词这类动词在引导宾语从句时常用：should+动词原形，should可以省略，常见的有：order,demend,suggest,insist,require,advise,decide,propose等。例如：He orderd that we should do it at once.他要求我们立即完成这项工作。He adviced we should do more speaking practising inorder to improve ourEnglish.他建议我们要想提高英语水平应练习说。五. 形式主动、意义被动的动词常见的有：work,open,close,write,cut,look,teach,operate,run,keep,burn,last等。此类词的主语常为物。而且还常与表示特征、状况、行为、方式的副词well,easily,long等连用。例如：The clothing sells well.This kind of fruit can keep long.六. 充当系动词的行为动词这类动词不能单独构成动词词组，其后须带有表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语，不定式，V-ing，V-ed)构成系表结构，常见的有feel, sound, taste, look, smell, seem, appear, become, turn, grow, make, go, run, keep, stay, prove等。例如：It sounded like a train that was going under my house.听起来，象有火车在楼下飞驰而过。Keep fit,study hard and wok well.身体好，学习好，工作好。七. 只接动名词作宾语的动词此类动词常见的有: apprecate, adcice,sugg