广东高考英语议论文概括写作指导.doc

高考读写任务概括部分写作指导（议论文的概括）一题型概述：高考写作第二节“读写任务” 中的概括部分重点考查考生概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合理性以及篇章的连贯性，既考查考生的综合运用语言的能力，又对考生提取信息和分析归纳的能力也有较高的要求。这一部分占5分。二解题示例：阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括短文的要点：Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes to make his language like other peoples. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by comparing their own behaviors with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him to correct himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would never notice a mistake if they did not point out it to him. They act as if the student woud never correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word meansand what the answer is to that problem.写作过程：1阅读，抓住内容要点论点（主题句）：Let children learn to judge their own work.论据：（1）A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time.（2）In the same way, children learn to do all the other things.（3）But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself.结论：Let the student do it himself.2概括，转述作者观点The auther argues that it is necessary for children to learn to judge their own work, for they can learn by comparing their speech with that of more skilled people. Teachers shouldnt correct their mistakes. (35 words)三“概括”写作技巧：1. 把握所给材料的整体结构，作者的思路与写作意图，基本观点与论据, 找到主题句和结论句, 提炼关键词，然后用自己的话来表达。主题句往往在文章的开头或结尾。2. 省略例子和细节。3. 避免使用直接引语。4. 用概括性的语言, 避免抄袭原文。只要能把关键点重组，换句表达就可得4-5分（来自2007年高考改卷信息）。5. 对议论文进行概括可以参考以下开头语模式： （1）This article is mainly about （2）The writer states that （3）The arthor thinks/argues that （4）According to the passage, we know四备考建议：重视词汇、句型、语法基础知识的学习，在平时的阅读中有意识地去概括文章的内容要点或中心思想，既训练了阅读能力，又训练了概括能力。强化训练（1）Parents and children often disagree with each other because of lack of communication and understanding. Children want to be free to choose their own friends, select their own course in school, plan for their own vocational future, earn and spend their own money, and generally run their own life in a more independent fashion than many parents are able to allow. Obviously, young people wish to be understood and even supported by their parents. On the other hand, most parents dont quite understand their children. First, they regard it as their responsibility to teach their children traditional beliefs. Second, they want the young people to be obedient and do well in school. Therefore, misunderstanding often arises from the tendency for parents to interfere(干涉) in childrens daily activities.强化训练（2） With the development of economy, people tend to pursue high quality living conditions. Most of the parents try their best to offer their children comfortable circumstances, but they seldom have time to stay with their children. In my opinion, no matter how busy they are, they should make the best use of their time to stay with their children. Every time when parents take them to the amusement park, help them to prepare their birthday parties, applaud for them when they are competing in the sports meeting, the time they spend with children will become treasure in their memories. Children need the direction from their parents. There are some wrong behaviors in our society such as dishonesty, violence and so on. Children have weak resistance in defending this negative influence. In this case, parents instructions seem to be very important to childrens growth. Parents should sit down and talk with them about what they should do and should not do. I do not deny that there are some disadvantages in spending too much time with children. Some parents restrict their children, and give them little freedom to develop their interests. Therefore, I emphasize that parents should educate and instruct their children appropriately in their spare time apart from their busy work.强化训练（3）Health or Wealth?Which is more important, health or wealth? When given this question, different people have varied answers. Some insist that health plays a more important role in our life, which others see more advantages arising form wealth.The first group of people quote the old saying “Health is above wealth” to prove their idea. They argue that, on the one hand, a strong person can do almost anything as long as he/she tries hard. On the other hand, however, rich people will not be able to enjoy the wealth if their days are numbered.In contrast, the supporters of wealth have such arguments as follows. For one thing, wealthy people will be able to buy more healthful foods. For another, they can enjoy better facilities to improve their health. Take my neighbour, Lao Wang, as an example. He had a heart attack and is in hospital. However, he cannot afford the expensive operation, which costs as much as 100,000 yuan. Therefore, he has to lie in bed hopelessly. If he were a rich man, his life could be saved.As far as I am concerned, both health and wealth are important to our life. We should try to strike a balance between them and gain wealth with a healthy body.强化训练（4）Luck or hard workIs it luck or hard work that brings success? The answer is “hard work”. Ones efforts bring him success and not his luck. It is said, “Triumphs dont come without effort.”Luck favors only those who help themselves. The harder you work, the luckier you get. A man works day and night giving up all his play and delight and moves ahead to earn success and when he earned it people called it luck. This excellence is in fact not luck, but result of a lot of hard work. Any idea cannot become a success unless we work hard on it.Today we are leading a happy and comfortable life due to hard work of someone else. We have bulbs to remove the darkness in a room; this was possible by hard work of Edison. We chat over phone with our friends, enjoying which has resulted by the hard work put in by Alexander Graham Bell.The world lifts its hats up to one who puts 50 percent of their efforts and on its head for those few soul who devote 100 percent thus. “Success accompanies only those who work hard and not the ones who hardly work.” 强化训练（5） An English proverb goes like this , “ Spare the rod and spoil the child .” It implies that in order to enable a child to grow healthily , parents must make him eat bitter foods, do hard work and be sent to places where he can get the fullest training and knowledge. First of all , eating bitter foods is necessary for a child . Poor food can help cultivate in him the frugal (节俭的 ) habit and make him realize what we eat daily is the fruit of the sweat of the laboring people . Consequently , he will not be wasteful when he grows up . Secondly , parents should also make the child do hard work . Doing hard work will give him an opportunity to taste the bitterness of labor. Moreover, hard work may also enable him to cherish the fruit of others labor. Finally , children should be sent to somewhere where life is hard if possible . Human society is full of tests and trials . Flowers from a greenhouse can never withstand a storm . Therefore, children should be allowed to face the world and brave the storm . It is in difficult conditions that young people can get the most training and learn how to solve the problems in various circumstances . 强化训练（6）Advantages and disadvantages of the Internet Fifteen years ago, the Internet was unheard of by most people. Today, the Internet is one of the most powerful tools throughout the world. The Internet is a collection of various services and resources. Many fear the Internet because of its disadvantage. They claim (主张) not to use the Internet because they are simply not interested or are afraid of the possible consequences (后果). Children using the Internet have become a big concern. When children talk to others online, they do not realize they could actually be talking to a person who may harm them later. There are many examples that children have been convinced (说服) to meet people they have talked with online. The most common thing the Internet is used for is research. Children and students are among the top ones who use the Internet for research. Today, it is almost required that students use the Internet for research. Another popular thing to do on the Internet is to check out the news. Almost all-local news can be got through the Internet.参考范文：Keys:（1）There is some misunderstanding between parents and their children. Children want to do things by their own and wish to be understood by their parents while most parents dont quite understand them.(2)The passage mainly tells us that parents play an important part i