选修六 5.11Unit 5　Grammar.ppt

新课标人教版课件系列 高中英语 选修 模块 6 5 11 period4grammar reviewtheusageof ingform examinethesentencesbeloewanddiscussinwhatwaythestructuressimilartoeachotherandinwhatwaytheyaredifferent lookingcarefullyattheground imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater the ingformusedasanadverbial havingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinhawaiialready ididn ttakemuchnotice having pastparticiple theperfect ingform torefertoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb 小结 ing形式的用法 1 ing形式作状语 2 ing形式的完成式 例句 havingbeen writteninhaste thebookhassomefaults 这本书因仓促写成 所以有些缺憾 3 使用 ing形式需注意的几个问题 分词 短语 作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致 如果不一致 必须用独立主格结构来表示 也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语 mywifehadalongtalkwithsally explainingwhyshedidn twantthechildrentoplaytogether我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间 解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩 现在分词explaining是句子主语mywife做的动作 它们之间是主动 关系 即explaining的逻辑主语 就是句子的主语mywife thetrainhavinggone wehadtowaitanotherday thetrain逻辑主语 havinggone既为独立主格结构 分词短语做状语时 前面可以加上连词或介词 但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词 如but and 因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分 而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分 分词和主句之间可用逗号 例如 误 havingbeentoldmanytimes buthestillcouldn tunderstandit 正 hewastoldmanytimes buthestillcouldn tunderstandit 或havingbeentoldmanytimes hestillcouldn tunderstandit ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作 在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作 例如 openingthedrawer hetookouthiswallet heopenedthedrawerandtookouthiswallet 他打开抽屉 拿出钱包 comingintotheroom heputdownhisbag hecameintotheroomandputdownhisbag 他走进房间 放下提包 havingbrushedhisteeth mr browncamedownstairsforbreakfast 布朗先生刷过牙 就下楼来吃早饭 此句如写成 brushinghisteeth mr browncamedownstairsforbreakfast 可能指 边刷牙 边下楼 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not never等否定词构成 例如 notfearingthefire thechildtouchedandgotafingerburnt 小孩儿不知道怕火 用手去摸 把手指烫了 notknowinghowtofindthesubway iaskedapolicemanforhelp 我不知道怎样找到地铁 就去找警察帮忙 ex rewritethesentencesusingthepresenortheperfect ingformoftheunderlinedverbs thefirsttwohavedoneforyou 1 whentheyheardaboutthevolcanotheyrandowntothevillage hearingaboutthevolcano theyrandowntothevillage 2 afterthescientistshadstudiedtheinformationtheypredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage havingstudiedtheinformation thescientistspredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage 3 becauseihadexperiencedearthquakesbefore iwasn tfrightened havingexperiencedearthquakesbefore iwasn tfrightened 4 whenshewokeupinthemiddleofthenightshesawherroomwasaslightasday wakingupinthemiddleofthenight shesawherroomwasaslightasday 5 assoonaswehadstoppedthecar weputonourprotectiveclothing havingstoppedthecar weimmediatelyputonourprotectiveclothing 6 becauselhadspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting iwasverytiredthenextday havingspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting iwasverytiredthenextday 7 asicameoutofmyhouse isawthevolcanoerupting comingoutofmyhouse isawthevolcanoerupting 8 asihadnevers