博士生入学考试英语辅导（听力部分）.ppt

2000年博士生入学考试英语辅导 听力部分 黄年根解放军理工大学工程兵工程学院 ListeningComprehension SectionA ConversationsUsuallythereisadirectiontellingwhatistobetestedanddisplayinganexampleforyou Ifyouarefamiliarwithallthis itisnotnecessarytoreadallthedirectionsortolistencarefully Insteadyoumakeuseofthisshortspanoftimetohaveaglanceoverthefollowingninechoicessoastohavearoughideaofwhatistobereallytested ListeningComprehension TypesofQuestionsfigures dates days time prices ages yearsseasons streets telephone etcHowmany persons dozensof Howmanyminutesfast slow late Howmuchdoes spend save earn borrow lend pay Howold often faris Howlongdoesittake to stayin When Atwhattime begin finish When Onwhichday arrive wanttoleave ListeningComprehension Note teen和ty的区别和千以上数的辨记 街道 房间 汽车 电话等号码的习惯表达方法 如320读成threetwenty或three two zero 价格的习惯表达 如 19 95读成nineteenninety five 时间表达上英美的差异 如1 45可读成aquartertotwo或oneforty five 2 00p m 可读成twop m 或fourteenhundredhours 14 00 年代 世纪口头与书面表达的差异 如20世纪写成19 intheeighteenforties应理解为19世纪40年代 ListeningComprehension Note 单位的换算 如星期 日期 时 分的换算进率分别为7 30 31 24 60等 再如aquarter指时间是15分钟 指月份是一季度 三个月 指百分比为25 倍数意义的表达 如times twice couple apairof halfof double one third percentage等等 注意诸如late later early earlier delay start aheadof fast slow increase add等与时间数字有关的词 以帮助理解和计算 ListeningComprehension TypesofQuestionsPlaces 抓住与特定场所有关的词 词组和句型 推断暗示的地点 Wheredoesthisconversation mostprobably takeplace Whereisthisconversation mostprobably takingplace Wheredoestheman womanplan wanttogo Wheredoestheman womanprefertolive stay Whereistheman womanworking livingnow Whatplacedidtheman womanvisitfirst last Wherearethespeakersnow Whereis from Wherehavetheybeento ListeningComprehension 听力考试中常见的与地点有关的词汇和表达Hospital medicine operation doctor patient nurse ward fever cough headache temperature blood pressure dizzy rundown Whatseemstobethetrouble Bank account cheque interestrate cash teller swindow deposit dollar pound openonaccount withdrawsomemoneyPost office stamp envelope parcel postage registeredmail airmail ordinarymail telegram moneyorderHotel receptiondesk frontdesk vacantroom single doubleroom twinbed reserve checkin checkout porter tip full roomservice ListeningComprehension 听力考试中常见的与地点有关的词汇和表达Restaurant order menu bill waiter drink salad soup dessert roastbeef steak goDutch It smytreat Areyoureadytoordernow I mfull School professor exam campus degree semester term assignment grade score paper labtest course creditStore size color style price fashion cheap expensive counter pay WhatcanIdoforyou IsthereanythingIcandoforyou I dliketosee Airport departure flight takeoff securityclearance green redchannel boardingpass checkin gateCustoms dutyfree fillintheform Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare Library catalogue list renew borrow due ListeningComprehension 地点部分的答题其它要领 根据选择项中地点名词前的介词推断提问 听清问题 熟悉世界上主要国家和英 美 加拿大主要城市的名称 ListeningComprehension 人物类的常见提问形式 Whatistheman woman Whoistheman woman What whoarethespeakers Whatistheman s woman sprofession occupation job Whatis probably therelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman thetwospeakers Whohas calledtocameover tofix Whowill gotoforhelp ListeningComprehension 人物类问题答题要领利用每题之间的短暂停顿 浏览试题选择项 确定问题与职业有关 与身份有关 还是与说话者的角色有关 如选择项是单数名词 即问职业 角色 如选择项为复数名词或两种身份 则问的是人物关系 体会讲话人的口气 语调 称呼 从而判断对话者之间的关系 熟悉与某一职业相关的常用词汇与表达 参见地点部分 如 老师与学生 营业员与顾客 医生与患者之间的用词肯定不同 ListeningComprehension 推断类题常见提问形式 Whatdoestheman womanmean imply Whatcanwelearn infer concludefromtheconversation Whatcanbeinferredfromtheman s woman sreply response Whatistheman s woman sattitudetowards Whatdoesthewoman manthinkoftheidea play Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheplan proposal Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthewoman sstatement ListeningComprehension 推断类问题的答题要领 留意对话人的语音 语调 捕捉其 弦外之音 一般说来降调表示肯定 赞同 升调表示疑问 否定 尤其是一般疑问句用降调 陈述句用升调时 注意讲话人经常采用虚拟语气的形式表达反意 如 shouldhavedonesth 应该做而未做 shouldn thavedonesth 不应该做而做了 needn thavedonesth 不必做而实际做了 mighthavedonesth 本可以做而实际未做善于联想 揭示事物之间的相关性 注意but后面的信息 ListeningComprehension SectionBPassages短文部分提问形式主要分为主题类和细节类两大类 主题类即对短文的中心思想 主旨大意进行提问 Whatisthemaintopic ideaofthepassage What doyouthink isthebesttitleofthepassage Whatisthemostsuitabletitleofthepassage Whatdoesthepassageadviseustodo Whatdoesthestoryimply Whatcanwelearn inferfromthepassage Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout ListeningComprehension 细节类问题对短文中涉及的情节 人物 事情的因与果进行提问 Whatistheprimarycauseof Whatisthereasonfor Whyisitnecessary importantforsb todo Whatisthepurposeof Accordingtothepassage whichofthefollowingisTRUE NOTTRUE mentioned notmentioned Accordingtothepassage whichofthefollowingis not thereasonfor Howdoessb thewriter speaker feelabout Whatdoesthespeaker writerseemmostconcernedabout ListeningComprehension 短文的答题