上海市卢湾高级中学2019届高三英语下学期三月月考试题（含解析）.docx

上海市卢湾高级中学2019届高三英语下学期三月月考试题（含解析）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ABirthday factsMany centuries ago, birthdays were considered a time when the bad spirits were able to harm you. It was believed that you should have your friends and family around you_1_ their good wishes and present-giving would keep the bad spirits away. People also believed that, by lighting candles, they were sending a signal or wishes to the gods.Later on, candles started _2_ (use) on birthday cakes. One story about the beginnings of the birthday cake is_3_ it started with the Greeks, who made round cakes _4_(represent) the full moon for their moon goddess . They also placed candles on the cake to make it light, again like the moon.However, the Germans are said to have first used cakes and candles. They used a sweet cake and they put a large candle in the centre of the cake to mean “the light of life”.The “Happy Birthday” song is more than a hundred years old. The music was written in 1893 by two sisters, Patty and Mildred Hill, _5_ were schoolteachers in Louisville, Kentucky. The music was first used as a morning greeting to their students _6_(entitle)“Good Morning To All”. In 1935, the words legally _7_(belong) to the Hill sisters, and the copyright has been bought and sold for millions of dollars ever since. The present copyright is owned by Warner Communications. They bought it in 1989_8_ more than $22 million.Happy Birthday to you _9_ (recognize) around the world and has been translated into many different languages. And children still love to make new versions of _10_.【答案】1. so that 2. to be used 3. that 4. representing 5. who 6. entitled 7. belonged 8. for 9. has been recognized 10. it【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了生日蛋糕和蜡烛的由来以及生日快乐歌的来源和创作人。数世纪前生日是为了驱除恶灵对人的伤害，人们通过点生日蜡烛向上帝发送信号或许愿。后来希腊人流传着将蜡烛插在蛋糕上代表月亮，但据说德国人才是最先使用生日蛋糕和蜡烛的人，他们将蜡烛插在蛋糕中间比喻生命之光。【1题详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：据说，你应该让你朋友和家人围着你，以便他们美好的祝愿和送礼物会使坏精灵走开。前半句you should have your friends and family around you是原因，后半句应该填表示解释结果的连词。so that以便；故填so that 。【2题详解】考查不定式的被动用法。句意：随后，蜡烛开始被使用在生日蛋糕上。start to do sth.开始做某事。此处是蜡烛开始被使用，因此要用被动用法。故填to be used。【3题详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：一个关于生日蛋糕起源的故事是它起源于希腊人。One story 是主语，谓语是系动词is，that引导宾语从句 it started with the Greeks，并在句中不充当成分。故填that。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：希腊人给月神做圆蛋糕象征着满月。make sb./sth. do用法，此处represent 与蛋糕cakes 是主动关系，采用doing的形式。故填representing。【5题详解】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。这歌在1893年由两姐妹Patty and Mildred Hill创作，她们是肯塔基州路易斯维尔的教师。分析句子成分，先行词two sisters, Patty and Mildred Hill，在非限制性定语从句缺少了主语，故填关系词who。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这歌曲起初被用来作为早晨问候给学生打招呼，取名为“所有人早上好”。music 作为a morning greeting 与entitle是被动关系，entitle应是过去分词的形式，故填entitled。【7题详解】考查时态和语态。the Hill sisters句意：1935年，这歌曲在法律上属于Hill sisters。belong to意“属于”，无被动形式，时态为一般过去时，该用过去式，故填belonged。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：在1989年他们花了2200多美元买下它。for more than $22 million, for+价格表示花了多少钱， 故填介词for。【9题详解】考查现在完成时的被动用法。句意：“生日快乐”现在已经被认可并被翻译成为许多不同的语言。and 连接并列谓语动词，has been translated into 是现在完成时的被动，分析句子可知，此处也该用现在完成时的被动，has后面是过去分词，recognized意为“认可”，故填has been recognized。【10题详解】考查代词。句意：并且所有孩子仍热衷于创作这歌的新版本。it指代上文的歌曲“祝你生日快乐”，指代上文出现的同一事物，故填it。【点睛】belong to 属于；是.成员。它的主要用法：（1）不可用于进行时，如：The car belongs to her mother. 错误用法：The car is belonging to her mother.（2）不可用于被动语态，其过去分词也不可用作后置定语。如：如：Does the bag belong to Jane? 错误用法：Is the bag belonged to Jane?Have you seen the pen which belongs to me? 错误用法：Have you seen the pen belonged to me?Section BThe following passage is from the Hitch-hikers Guide to the Galaxys by Douglas Adams.It is an important and _11_ fact that things are not always what they seem. For instance, on the planet Earth, man has always _12_that he was more intelligent than dolphins because he had achieved so much- the wheel, New York, wars and so onwhile all the dolphins had ever done was much about in the water having a good time. And vice versa; the dolphins had always believed they were far more intelligent than manfor _13_ the same reason.Curiously enough, the dolphins had long known of the _14_ destruction of the planet Earth, and had made many attempts to _15_ mankind to the danger; but most of their_16_ were misinterpreted as amusing attempts to punch footballs or whistle for food, so they_17_ gave up and left the Earth shortly before the Vogons arrived.The last even dolphin message was misinterpreted as a(n) _18_ difficult attempt to do a double-backwards somersault( 筋斗) through a hoop while whistling The Star-Spangled Banner, but in fact the message was this: So long and thanks for the fish.In fact there was only one species on the planet more intelligent than dolphins , and they spent a lot of time in research laboratories running around inside wheels and _19_ frightening experiments on man. The fact that once again man completely misinterpreted this relationship was entirely according to the plans of these_20_.【答案】11. H 12. C 13. I 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. G 18. J 19. E 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。这篇文章选自道格拉斯亚当斯的科幻文学银河系漫游指南。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：一个重要而普遍的事实是，事物并非总是如它们所看上去的那样。important重要的，形容词 ，由and 连接两个并列形容词修饰名词fact ，popular普遍的，流行的，故选H。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：人类总是认为自己比海豚聪明，因为他们创造了如此之多的成就车轮、纽约、战争等而海豚所做的全部事情就是在水中游荡度过美好时光。has+过去分词构成现在完成时，assume“假定；设想”，过去分词为assumed，故选C。【13题详解】考查副词。句意：但另一方面，海豚总是认为自己比人类聪明得多基于几乎完全相同的原因。precisely“几乎；恰恰，精确地”，副词，修饰形容词same，故选I。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：非常奇怪的是，海豚早就知道了地球日益迫近的毁灭命运。此处是the + adj. + n.结构，approaching“到来的，来临的”，形容词，修饰名词destruction，故选B。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：而且他们费了很大的努力来警告人类这一危机。make attempts to do sth. “尝试做”alter“警告，使警觉”，故选A。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：但是它们大部分的信息传递都被人类误读为有趣的顶球尝试或是为了食物而吹的口哨。代词their“他（它）们的”，后常接名词复数，communication 沟通，故选D。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：所以，它们最终放弃了努力，在沃贡人到达地球之前不久通过它们自己方式离开了地球。eventually“最终地”，副词，修饰短语give up，故选G。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：海豚的最后一条信息被误读为一种复杂得让人吃惊地尝试，即一边吹着“星条旗”的口哨，一边向后翻两个筋斗穿过一个铁环。实际上，这条信息是在说：再见了所有鱼类，感谢你们。surprisely“令人吃惊地”，副词，修饰形容词difficult，“一种令人吃惊地尝试”，故选J。【19题详解】考查现在分词。句意：他们在行为科学研究实验室里花费了大量时间，在人类身上进行着令人害怕的实验。conduct“进行”，动词，与and连接并列动作running，故采用现在分词的形式conducting，故选E。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：事实是人类又一次完全错误地解读了双方之间的这种关系，之所以会出现这样的误读完全出于这些生物的安排。代词these后接名词复数，creature“生物”，故选F 。【点睛】make attempts / an attempt to do sth. “尝试/试图/打算做”attempt to do（后接做具体的事，一般更倾向于“打算做”）attempt doing= make an attempt at doing sth.（长期地、一贯地）类似的词组：try to do sth. 尽力/努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试/试图做某事III. Reading Comprehension.Section AAfter staying at home one afternoon for a delivery of discounted sink that never came, Valentin Romanov, a Stockholm IT manager ,installed a special lock on his flats entrance. When no one is in, deliverymen unlock the door and slip packages inside. Four months on, Mr Romanov has _21_ his spending online and says he cannot imagine life without in-home deliveries. These are sweet words for delivery firms and online retailers(零售商), Amazon included, that are setting up_22_ with lock manufacturers to overcome a big hurdle for e-commerce.Traditional l deliveries fail so_23_ that a parcel is driven to a home an average of 1.5 times in the Nordic region, says Kenneth Verlage, head of business development at PostNord, a logistics(物流) giant operating in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. It is an expensive _24_ made worse, he says, by the fact that recipients have still often had to wait for a failed delivery. Some couriers leave packages on doorsteps, but this_25_ theft. Of 1,000 Americans surveyed this year by Shorr, a packaging firm, nearly a third had been victims of “porch piracy”, as this is known. Two-fifths_26_ certain online purchases for fear of it.A number of firms now sell wirelessly connected locks which a couriers delivery staff can open using a passcode or smartphone app after the _27_ has issued a temporary authorization, before leaving home or remotely. Deliveries are filmed with an indoor security camera paired with the lock. The short videos are sent to parcel addressees and typically _28_, comically in Mr Romanovs view, with a jiggle of the door handle from outside to show that the departing delivery person has locked up.Amazon began offering in-home deliveries in 37 American cities in November. Shoppers who have had a special_29_ and camera installed (costing $199) can select in-home delivery at checkout. Like most firms offering the service, Amazon is tightlipped about user _30_. The boss of August Home, a San Francisco maker of in-home delivery locks, says that already hundreds of thousands of delivery drivers, dog-walkers, cleaners and Airbnb guests use its app_31_ to enter others homes.Offerings are _32_. In 2018 August Home will go to Australia and Britain, and PostNord will launch in-home delivery in four Nordic countries. Walmart and Sears have tried it; Sears even tested unattended appliance repairs. Five logistics firms and two Swedish supermarket chains are trying or using locks from Glue, a firm based in Stockholm, for in-home deliveries._33_ suspect these efforts will not amount to much. Plenty of _34_ will be fearful about theft. Rhino Security Labs, a Seattle computer-security firm, claims it hacked into and shut off the video in one Amazon lock-and-camera system. In-home deliveries are incompatible with burglar alarms. And what if an improperly fenced-off dog or cat slips outside? Or an heirloom on display gets knocked over? These are _35_ questions. But e-commerce firms have unlocked harder ones.21. A. doubledB. deletedC. checkedD. decreased22. A. partnershipsB. branchesC. fundsD. conferences23. A. occasionallyB. unexpectedlyC. miserablyD. frequently24. A. developmentB. purchaseC. traditionD. inefficiency25. A. recordsB. invitesC. reducesD. commits26. A. avoidB. makeC. controlD. assess27. A. driverB. managerC. deliverD. resident28. A. startB. endC. disappearD. emerge29. A. doorB. computerC. lockD. application30. A. experiencesB. preferencesC. numbersD. backgrounds31. A. illegallyB. keylesslyC. unknowinglyD. fearfully32. A. threateningB. multiplyingC. competingD. shrinking33. A. DesignersB. AdvocatesC. OpponentsD. Adopters34. A. consumersB. firmsC. hackersD. producers35. A. unimportantB. generalC. improperD. tricky【答案】21. A 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】这是一篇经济生活科普说明文。主要是讲了电商快递加上智能锁的服务将会实现真正的快递入门。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. doubled加倍；B. deleted删除；C. checked检查；D. decreased减少。四个月过去了，罗曼诺夫在网购的开销翻了一倍，并说无法想象没有送货上门的生活。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. partnerships合伙；B. branches分枝；C. funds资金；D. conferences会议。它们正在与智能门锁制造商合作，解决电商面临的一个大难题。根据上文delivery firms等词，可知，是建立合作伙伴的关系，故A选项切题。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. occasionally偶然地；B. unexpectedly意料之外地；C. miserably可悲地；D. frequently经常地。传统的配送方式常常无人接收。根据下文1.5倍可知，包裹经常无人接收。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. development发展；B. purchase购买；C. tradition传统；D. inefficiency低效。他表示，这种低效造成成本高启，而更糟的是，消费者往往等不到快递来。根据下文必须等待可知，是高费用却低效率，故D选项切题。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. records记录；B. invites邀请；C. reduces减少；D. commits犯罪，做错事。一些快递把包裹放在门口，会引起小偷的觊觎。根据上文把包裹留在门外可知，会导致盗窃。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. avoid避免；B. make做，使得；C. control控制；D. assess评定。五分之二的人因为害怕被盗而拒绝网上购物。根据下文for fear of“害怕”可知，人们是避免被盗窃，故A选项切题。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. driver司机；B. manager经理；C. deliver传递员；D. resident居民。在业主出门前或不在家的时候给人临时授权，快递员就可以通过密码或手机应用开门。根据下文离开家或出远门之前，可知是居民授权，故D选项切题。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. start开始；B. end结束；C. disappear消失；D. emerge显现，浮现。将视频发送给收件人，而在罗曼诺夫看来，当门外的把手轻轻一摇时，就表示快递员锁门离开了。根据下文locked up“上锁”可知，表示完成了任务，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. door门；B. computer电脑；C. lock锁；D. application应用。购买智能门锁和摄像头（售价199美元）的消费者可以在付款时选择送货入门。根据camera installed可知，故C选项切题。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. experiences经历；B. preferences偏好；C. numbers数字；D. backgrounds背景图片。亚马逊对用户数量的要求也很严格。根据下文hundreds of thousands of可知，此处填numbers数量最佳，故C选项切题。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. illegally非法地；B. keylessly无钥匙地；C. unknowingly不知不觉地；D. fearfully可怕地。有几十万送货司机、遛狗者、清洁工和Airbnb的客人使用他家的无钥匙应用软件进入到别人的家里。根据上文use its app可知，不需要钥匙就能进入，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. threatening威胁；B. multiplying增加；C. competing竞争；D. shrinking萎缩。业务蒸蒸日上。根据下文描述可知，B选项切题。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. Designers设计师；B. Advocates提倡者；C. Opponents对手；D. Adopters采纳者。反对者认为，这些努力不会有多大效果。根据suspect“怀疑”可知，上文应该选择持怀疑态度的人，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. consumers消费者；B. firms公司；C. hackers黑客；D. producers生产者。很多消费者会害怕家里进小偷。由fearful可知，消费者是最怕小偷，故A选项切题。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. unimportant不重要的；B. general一般的；C. improper不正确的；D. tricky狡猾的，棘手的。这些都是棘手的问题。根据下文harder可知，此处选形容词tricky最恰当，故选D。Section B(A)High above Earth, a multi-billion- dollar formation of communications satellites stands ready to instantly connect people like pilots and seamen to every available aid when they find themselves in emergency. But what if the communication computers on board these ships and aircrafts broke down? The world could go silent, and leave travelers looking for directions. Not worry. There is a backup plan, in part using technology that was invented in 1835, the year Mark Twain was born. Its the Morse code, the language of dots and dashes that has survived the “ attack” of higher techonology for a century and half.Named after its inventor, Samuel F B Morse, the code is a series of combinations of short and long tones(dots and dashes) representing letters of the alphabet that can be transmitted(方法送) manually by a key operator. A telegrapher combines the dots and dashes to form letters and words. It is a seemingly tiring procedure, but skilled operators can transmit and receive faster than most secretaries can type.Morse telegraphy may seem weird and out of fashion, with its brass sounder and key operated by the worlds most basic tool, the human finger. However, it is sometimes vital to worldwide communications. When the Mexico City earthquake occurred in 1985 and all the power went off, calls for help were transmitted in Morse by an amateur radio operator. “We see the Morse code as a dying art, but we refuse to let it die completely,” says Major General Leo M Childs, the US Armys Chiefs Signal Officer. “ Newer isnt always better. Even though it is old and slow, Morse is still the most reliable in difficult conditions.”Ever since Morse started the telegraph service in 1844, the death of Morse code has been predicted regularly. However, although the telegraph has receded from public view, experts say that they cannot envision an end to its use any time soon. “ I can carry a very small Morse key in my pocket and transmit around the world,” says Burke Stinson, a public relations man for American Telephone & Telegraph Co. “ I dont think you will ever see the Morse code die. It is going to be difficult to find another method that is as flexible and reliable.”36. Why does the writer mention the possibility of satellite-based communication systems failing?A. To compare Morse to communication satellites.B. To underlined the importance of a reliable alternative.C. To suggest that satellite communications are unreliable.D. To emphasize the weaknesses of satellites communications.37. What can be learned about the process of communications using Morse Code?A. It involved more than transmitting tonesB. It is difficult even for experienced users.C. It is not as laborious as people think.D. It is simple enough for anyone who can type.38. In the third paragraph, what does the writer imply about the use of Morse Code?A. It attracts many enthusiasts thought old-fashioned.B. It is most useful to the armed forces and some hobbyists.C. It has been brought to life again by amateur radio operators.D. It can be the only way to communicate during a crisis.39. Which of the following might the best title of the passage?A. Dots and Dashes Still AliveB. A New Age for Morse CodeC. The Evolution of Morse TelegraphyD. Samuel F. B Morse : Father of the Morse Code【答案】36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种古老的通讯方式莫尔斯电报电码。专家认为尽管它老旧而且速度慢，但就算是在最艰难的条件下莫尔斯电报电码仍然最可靠，很难找到其他比它更灵活更可靠的通讯方式了。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Not worry. There is a backup plan, in part using technology that was invented in 1835, the year Mark Twain was born. Its the Morse code, the language of dots and dashes that has survived the “attack” of higher technology for a century and half.可知，提出文章的主题，突出地介绍可靠的替代品，故B选项切题。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句It is a seemingly tiring procedure, but skilled operators can transmit and receive faster than most secretaries can type.可知，技术娴熟的操作员传递和接收更快，故选C。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句However, it is sometimes vital to worldwide communications. 和第三句When the Mexico City earthquake occurred in 1985 and all the power went off, calls for help were transmitted in Morse by an amateur radio operator.可知，在战争中莫尔斯电码是唯一可靠的通讯方式。故D选项切题。【39题详解】主旨大意题。最后一段专家的话“I dont think you will ever see the Morse code die. It is going to be difficult to find another method that is as flexible and reliable.”可知，莫尔斯密码电报仍存在，故选A。(B)Read the following passage about four apps.1. Start Walking PathThis app was created by the American Heart Association to encourage people to walk more to stay fit. It makes it easy for you to find or create and then share nice walks wherever you are. For example, imagine you take a walk through a park on your way home from work one day. You can map your walk using this app and share it with your friends and coworkers so they can enjoy it too. Or you can search a new area to see if anyone else has posted a nice walk.2. Weigh What Matters.This app was created by the American Medical Association to make it easy for patients to set healthy goals and then keep track of their progress. The app tracks three areas: weight, nutrition, and physical activity. Users record what they weight, what they eat, and how much exercise they get. From this information, a progress report is created and emailed to the patients doctor. If patients are not getting enough exercise, their doctors can encourage them to work out more often.3. M