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2019-2020年高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词一、考点规律分析短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用(尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构)、某些不定代词的用法(尤其是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。二、真题单句归纳(1) David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village. (去掉 it,因它与其前的关系代词 which 语义重复) (全国卷)(2) When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. (head 前加 his,汉语可“摇头”,而英语的习惯要说 shake ones head) (全国卷)(3) We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe many times. (They 改为 We,前后人称不一致) (全国卷)(4) And I cant forget the good food you cooked for I. (I 改为 me,因介词之后的人称代词要用宾格) (全国卷)(5) I hope that both you two could e and visit us some time soon. (去掉 both.因 both 与后面的 two 意义重复,况且词序安排也不对) (全国卷)(6) The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (his 改为 their,因前面的 the Smiths 指的是“史密斯夫妇”或“史密斯一家”,是复数意义) (全国卷)(7) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game. (they 改为 we,根据句意,主从句的主语应该一致) (全国卷)(8) Now I cant watch much television, but a few years ago (去掉 much,因为从下文看作者现在根本就不看电视) (全国卷)(9) Now someone at home reads instead. (someone 改为 everyone 或 everybody.从全文语义来看,应为“每一个人”) (全国卷)(10) Im spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. (去掉 all,因 all 与 whole 语义重复) (北京春季卷)(11) The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. (English 前加 my,teacher 为单数可数名词,前面要有限定词) (全国卷)(12) I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works. (it 改为 they,因它表示 those classes) (北京春季卷)(13) in any other words, I am an only child. (去掉 any,因 in other words 为固定短语,意思是“换句话说”) (全国卷)(14) For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldnt find. (them 改为it,因它指代上文提到的a chocolate cake) (北京春季卷)(15) Then he ate it all, by himself. He never helped other. (other改为others,others 泛指“其他人”) (北京春季卷)(16) The three of them were very excited. (them 改为 us,因短文用的是第一人称) (全国卷)(17) But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son. (his 改为 their,因要与其前的 his parents 保持一致) (安徽春季卷)(18) According to studies, any children spend more time watching television than they spend in school. (any 改为 many / some,由句意决定) (北京春季卷)(19) and tried to translate anything into English. (anything 改为 everything,根据上下文句意确定) (全国卷)(20) as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me 改为 myself,express oneself 为固定结构,意为“表明意思、意见,表达思想”) (全国卷)(21) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (showed 后加 it,showed 在此作及物动词,后面缺少宾语) (全国卷)(21) At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. (me 改为 myself,根据主语和句意,此处应用反身代词) (江苏卷)(22) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own (your 改为 their,主语是 more and more people,故用代词their) (浙江卷)(23) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life or study, the other would help him out.(other 改为 others,因为当某个人遇到困难时,“其余的所有人”都会帮他,而不是“另外的那一个人”会帮他) (天津卷)(24) Whats more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him. (him 改为 them,因为此处要代替的是 your pupils) (湖北卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Here are some letters for you and he.(2) She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.(3) Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it.(4) Everyone here gets up earlier than her does.(5) Here is my dog. Its name is Petty.(6) He opened mouth as if to say something.(7) Dont lose your heart. Try again.(8) The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own.(9) I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me.(10) He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.(11) When you are away from home, you should look after you.(12) If you have any question, put up hand.(13) Its a very important thing. You must think over carefully.(14) I dont like these; please show me some other.(15) In order to catch the thief, the police did his best.(16) This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.(17) Im very sorry about all the whole thing.(18) When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me.(19) Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything.(20) At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back.参考答案(1) he 改为 him,因与you并列用作介词 for 的宾语。(2) she 改为 her,因用作动词 keeps 的宾语。(3) it 改为 them,因它指代前面的cats.(4) her 改为 she,因其后有动词 does.(5) Its 改为 Its,its = it is / it has,而 its 意为“它的”。(6) mouth 前加his,按英语习惯,此物主代词不能少。(7) 去掉 your,比较:lose heart意为灰心,lose ones heart意为爱上。(8) his 改为 their,因其前相应的名词 the Smiths(史密斯夫妇)表复数。(9) me 改为 mine,a friend of 后习惯上名词性物主代词,不接人称代词的宾格形式。(10) 将 her hand 中的 her 改为 his,句意为“他对她笑了笑,把他的手放在她手上”。(11) 将最后一个 you 改为 yourself,look after oneself 意为“自己照顾自己”。(12) hand 前加 your,否则不合英语习惯。(13) think 后加 it,因 think over 为及物动词。(14) other 改为 others,指另外的一些;若指另外的一个,可用 another.(15) his 改为 their,指代前面的 the police(它永远表复数意义)。(16) 去掉 it,因 it 与 which 语义重复。(17) 去掉 all,因它与 the whole 语义重复。(18) parents 前加 my,否则不符合英语习惯。(19) anything 改为 everything,否则语意不通。(20) them 改为 it,因 baggage 为不可数名词2019-2020年高考英语短文改错考点解析:冠词一、考点规律分析短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括 a 与 an 的区别)。其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时,其前漏用不定冠词;另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。二、真题单句归纳(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改为 an,因 hour 读音以元音开头) (全国卷)(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. (the 改为 a,因此处并非特指,而是泛指) (全国卷)(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉 the,因这里的 books 表泛指,不表特指) (全国卷)(3) Good health is persons most valuable possession. (persons 前加 a,这里的 a 表泛指) (全国卷)(4) Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings. (去掉 the,因health 表泛指) (全国卷)(5) There is public library in every town in Britain. (public library 前加 a,因这里的 public library 是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用 a) (全国卷)(6) Maybe you could e during a winter holidays. (a 改为 the,因从含义上看,此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的) (全国卷)(7) Today I visited the Smiths my first visit to a American family. (a 改为 an,因 American 的读音以元音开头) (全国卷)(8) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词 the,captain 为特指) (全国卷)(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改为 one,one 与下一行的 another 构成“一个另一个”) (全国卷)(10) Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a,该表达与 have a good time 类似,其中的 a 不可省) (北京春季卷)(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉 a,catch sight of 是习语,意为“看见、瞥见”) (全国卷)(12) For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery(奥秘)。 (去掉 the,rain 在此泛指) (北京春季卷)(13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为 the,因 same 前应用定冠词) (全国卷)(14) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在 famous 前加 a,注意 mountain 是单数可数名词) (全国卷)(15) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (my diary 改为 a diary,keep a diary 意为“写日记”) (全国卷)(16) When I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a,因 boy 为可数名词) (江苏卷)(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改为 the,因这不是泛指的周末,而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)(17) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加a,指人的一生是 a lifetime) (浙江卷)(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the,因这是特指的一场火灾) (福建卷)(19) As we all left home at early age, (early前加an,at an early age意为“在年幼时”) (天津卷)(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改为cook,比较:cook=炊事员,cooker=炊具) (江苏卷) 三、模拟单句演练(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.(2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.(3) It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.(4) My friend Mary es from an European country.(5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.(6) In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.(7) Only few of the children can read such books.(8) For long time neither of us spoke to each other.(9) Look, a girl in blue is my cousin.(10) Look! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.(11) She asked whether we came from a same city.(12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.(13) You dont know what wonderful time weve had.(14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange cloth
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