定语从句易犯错误、that、who的固定用法.ppt

定语从句常见错误类型 2 应用定语从句易犯的小错误 一 在定语从句中加了多余的宾语 误 SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn tcome 正 SomeoftheboysIinviteddidn tcome 译 我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来 析 应删去them 因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom who或that 1 SomeofthegirlsIinvitedthemdidnotcome 此句因删去them 因为从句的宾语时省略了whom who 2 Isthisthephotowhichyoutookitlastweek 应删去it 因为从句的宾语时关系代词which 无需再用it了 4 二 把定语从句谓语动词的单 复数弄错 误 Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished 正 Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished 译 任何违犯法律的人将被处罚 析 应改break为breaks 因为who指anyone 是单数 know knows Heistheonlyoneoftheteacherswho know Frenchinourschool Heisoneofthemaleteacherswho know Frenchinourschool Tip 关系代词在从句中做主语时 从句谓语动词的人称和数必须保持一致 Thosewhohasfinishedtheirhomeworkmayleavetheclassroomnow ThewomanwhoteachusEnglishisJenny have teaches 3 Thisisoneofthehousesthatisfreenow are oneofthe 复数名词这一结构中 从句中谓语用复数 theonlyoneofthe 复数名词 从句谓语用单数 6 三 误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词 误 Thekeyopensthebikeismissing 正 Thekeythat whichopensthebikeismissing 译 开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了 析 应加上关系代词that或which 因为从句少主语 且主语不能省略 小结 1 定语从句中不能缺少先行词 2 在从句中作主语的关系代词不可省 1 Thisiswhoeveryonerespects 这就是大家尊敬的人 2 Childreneatmuchsugaroftengetbadteeth 单句改错并指出错误所在 theperson man who 8 TheAttributiveclause1定语从句 9 1 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 引导词3个作用 10 关系代词用法 人 物 主 宾 主 宾 主 宾 宾 定 人 人 人 物 物 Summary 11 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which Readthesesentencestofindtherules 1 I vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine Iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow RULE1 当先行词是all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时或被all every no some any little much few only等修饰时 12 2 Thisisthefirstbook that hehasread Thisisthebestplace that wehavevisited 3 Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim Heisjusttheperson that wearelookingfor RULE3 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast justthe等修饰时 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which RULE2 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 13 4 Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandtheschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere 5 Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar RULE5 先行词是who或who引导的主句 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which RULE4 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物 用关系代词that 14 6 Thereare200peoplethatdidn tknowthething Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe Sheisn tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago 7 Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek Whichisthefilmthatgotthefirst classawardthisyear RULE7 当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时 关系代词用that RULE6 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時 关系代词用that 15 Discussion 1 当先行词是all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时或被all every no some any little much few only等修饰时 2 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 3 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast justthe等修饰时 4 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物 用关系代词that 5 先行词是who或who引导的主句 6 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時 关系代词用that 7 当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时 关系代词用that 从句前有 不定代 先行词前theonly thesame any thevery在 或有 高 序 去替代 只用 that 来安排 顺口溜 定语从句中只用who 不用that的情况 Onewhodoesnotworkhardwillneversucceed Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished SheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeentotheUSA Thosewholearnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed 1 先行词是one ones或anyone时 先行词为those或被those修饰 指人时 2 在以therebe 的句子中 先行词为人时 Thereisacomradeoutsidewhowantstoseeyou 3 当定语从句中又有定语从句 且先行项都为人时 Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshard 4 当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时 There sonlyonestudentintheschoolwhoIwanttosee Doyouknowthewomaninbluewithababyonherbackwhoisworkinginthefields 5 在非限制性定语从句中指人 Imetafriendofmineinthestreet whohadjustcomefromAmerica 6 定语从句中有插入语时 且先行项为人时 JacksonisamanwhoIbelieveish