2019高考英语3-2-1精品系列专项16完形填空-夹叙夹议(教师版).doc

2019高考英语3-2-1精品系列专项16完形填空-夹叙夹议（教师版）【考点定位】 2018考纲解读和近几年考点分布英语考试大纲对考生完形填空的能力要求：通篇把握全文，根据上下文的逻辑关系，综合运用所学语言基础知识,进行分析推理判断,把握语篇特征，具有一定的语篇分析理解能力。完形填空检测考生在阅读理解的基础上对英语语言知识综合运用的能力。不同体裁、不同主题的文章，其语段就会使用不同的写作模式。夹叙夹议完形填空的特点是篇幅略长，起点高，容量大，思路跳跃性强。记叙和议论在文中交错运用。有的是议论引出记叙；有的是在记叙的基础上发出议论。夹叙夹议文的主题明确，或告诉读者一个道理，或引人启示，或给人乐趣。近年来，夹叙夹议类文章在高考完形填空中出现的频率越来越高。此类文章题材较贴近考生生活实际，内容积极且有教育意义;结构清晰，脉络有序;以叙为主，叙议结合，表达灵活，侧重语境。解答夹叙夹议类完形填空题时，思维要灵活，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。 高考完形填空的选材多为夹叙夹议的文章。文章较易读懂，所设选项多为基础题。每个空都需要考生逾越句子甚至段落，联系上下文语境和词汇的具体意义进行理解和推断，才能得出正确答案。题材广泛，涉及的内容丰富，重点考查实词，兼顾虚词。预测2018年的完形填空题所选材料将更加贴近考生生活实际，内容更考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在完形填空中时有出现。如：I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them _ the telephone.A. with B. by C. from D. on【解析】表示“通过电话”交谈，说 on the telephone 或 by telephone，这是习惯搭配。考点3. 考查词语辨析考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求我们在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。如：Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his _ qualities. First of allA. basic B. special C. common D. particular【解析】根据句意很容易排除A和C；难辨是的B和D。special强调“与众不同的”，而particular指“值得注意的”，应选B。 考点5. 考查经验常识考查考生在日常的学习和生活中所积累的经验和基本常识，以及一些基本的科学常识。如：But we run so much that, afterwards, we had trouble _.A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathing【解析】跑得太多，其结果当然是上气不接下气，即呼吸困难了，我们一般都会有这样的生活经历。 考点6. 考查文章结构考查考生对文章脉络层次的把握能力。如：First of all, I respected his devotion to teaching_, I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talkFinally, I was attracted by his lively sense of humor.A. Later B. Secondly C. However D. Therefore【解析】本文的写作结构很清楚：开篇点题难忘的哲学教授；诸条陈述何以难忘：前有 First of all 提起, 后有 Finally 落脚，那么中间只有用 Secondly 来过渡了。考点7. 考查逻辑推理考查考生根据文意和所掌握的知识经验进行简单的逻辑推理来确定选项的能力。如：He was reading my words out loud to the classthe whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show _, but what I was feeling was pure happinessA. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure【解析】一个学生的作品被老师选中且在班上宣读时该会是怎样的心情?我们不难判断：愉快！ 考点8. 考查前后语境考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。完形填空题中绝大多数属这种题型。有的根据上文、有的根据下文、有的要上下文结合，甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正确的选择。如：“As a matter of fact, Ive got someone in the office at this very moment who might _.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.”A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer【解析】根据下文，这个妇女告诉他第二天可以去上班了，可见，她认为作者是适合(suit)的。 【三年高考】 10、11 、12高考试题及其解析2018高考英语试题夹叙夹议文（2018天津卷） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan, a _16_ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew _17_ I wanted to climb it. That has been my lifes passion (钟爱) ever since _18_ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. Ive long made Yosemite my _19_.About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of _20_， like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. Its _21_ me why visitors started respecting the place _22_ and treated such a beautiful homelike place this way.I tried _23_ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would _24_ an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so _25_ it that I decided something had to change.As a rockclimbing guide, I knew _26_ about organizing any big event. But in 2004，together with some climbers, I set a date for a _27_. On that day，more than 300 people _28_. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to _29_. I couldnt believe the _30_ we madethe park looked clean!Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and _31_ 132 miles of roadway.I often hear people _32_ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by _33_ rather than complaining. We need to teach by _34_. You cant blame others _35_ you start with yourself.16A.distantBhugeCnarrowDloose17A.immediately Bfinally Cgradually Drecently18A.imagining Bpainting Cdescribing Dclimbing19A.garden Bhome Clab Dpalace20A.material Bresources Cwaste Dgoods21A.beyond Bagainst Cover Dwithin22A.more Bmost Cless Dleast23A.throwing away Bpicking upCbreaking down Ddigging out24A.kill Bsave Cwait Dspend25A.satisfied with Bdelighted in Ctired of Dused to26A.something Banything Ceverything Dnothing27A.cleanup Bparty Cpicnic Dconcert28A.dropped out Bshowed up Clooked around Dcalled back29A.demand Breceive Caccomplish Dovercome30A.plan Bvisit Ccontact Ddifference31A.crossed Bmeasured Ccovered Ddesigned32A.talk Bcomplain Cargue Dquarrel33A.doing Bthinking Cquestioning Dwatching34A.method Bexplanation Cexample Dresearch35A.although Bif Cwhen Dunless24. Dspend time on sth.花费时间做某事。应选D。25. C根据上文的 “only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later”以及下文的 “that I decided something had to change”可知作者厌倦了自己单独捡垃圾。26. D根据下一句 “But”后的内容可知，作者不知道如何组织大型活动。27. A根据下文“三百多人参加捡垃圾活动”以及下一段中的 “Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere”可知，此处填A。28. B根据下一句 “Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”可知“那一天，三百多人参加了清扫垃圾的活动”，应选B(出席，到场)。29. C根据上一句 “Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”可知选C(完成)。30. D根据破折号后的 “the park looked clean”可知，因为我们把公园里的垃圾捡完了，公园变得干净了，与以前不同了，应选D。31. C此句的意思是“2007年一年中，2945个人捡了42330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的路面。”32. B根据下文的“complaining”可知选B。33. A此句意思是“我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨”，应选A。34. C句意：我们需要榜样。应选C。35. D句意：你不能责备别人，除非以身作则。应选D。（2018湖北卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。 I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. One day, a sociologist proposed that the _31_ society has been consuming modern humans little by little. For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society, I _32_ hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. _33_ the shopkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you _34_ have done. Life has become hopelessly _35_. A bicycle is simple, and it brings to you _36_ things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise，” I agreed. Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. After some time, I _37_ at the other end of the town. I was _38_ that this simple vehicle could let me _39_ long distances in a fairly short time. But how _40_ did I really go? Since I hated to be _41_， I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to _42_ an odometer (里程表) on my bicycle. He agreed, but _43_， “An odometer without a speedometer (速度计) is like a _44_ without a knife.” I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (装置) were _45_ to the handlebars of my bicycle. “What about a horn？” he then asked. “Look, this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many _46_.” Attracted by these functions, I bought the horn.“You cant leave the back part _47_” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons _48_ the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven when you feel _49_ on your way? I can give you a special discount, ” I was not strong enough to _50_ the offer.“I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done.” said Mr. Johnson in the end.31A.adult Bhuman Cconsumer Dbachelor32A.eventually Bimmediately Creluctantly Dgratefully33A.Although BBecause CAs DUnless34A.would Bshould Cmust Dcould35A.boring Bcomplicated Cstressful Dtough36A.natural Bmysterious Ccomplex Dunique37A.gave up Bbroke down Ccalmed down Dended up38A.amazed Bamused Cconfused Dconcerned39A.march Bdrive Ccover Dmeasure40A.far Blong Cfast Ddeep41A.unreliable Bimpractical Cunprepared Dinaccurate42A.fix Bcheck Crepair Dlay43A.swore Badded Creplied Dconcluded44A.pencil Bfork Cbox Dcake45A.distributed Bconverted Capplied Dattached46A.shapes Bsizes Cfunctions Dmodels47A.loose Bblank Cbare Dincomplete48A.beside Bbefore Cbelow Dbehind49A.sick Bhungry Chot Dthirsty50A.consider Bwithdraw Cmake Dresist35B(现代)生活已经变得令人绝望的复杂，(而)自行车是件简单的东西。此处的complicated与后面的simple形成对比。其他选项的含义均与此不符。36A骑上自行车能感受到清新的空气，和煦的阳光，同时还能锻炼身体，这些都是很自然的东西，所以A正确。37D一会儿工夫之后，“我”就骑车来到了小镇的另一头。end up到达或来到某处，所以D正确。38A“我”吃惊地发现用如此简单的工具自行车就能让“我”在相对不长的时间里走完这么长的距离。所以此空填amazed。39Ccover行走(一段路程)。40A但此时一个问题(在“我”的脑海)浮现了：“我”到底走完了多远的距离呢？far符合情景。下文的an odometer(里程表)也是提示。49B在路上感到饥饿的时候，没有什么比车后面的烤箱更实用了。hungry饥饿的。其他几个选项不能表达与此相符的含义。50D“我”的内心被说动了，无法拒绝他的提议，因此选D项。（2018福建卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. Im left _36_.Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other _37_？I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s，_38_ children from different races and religions played and studied _39_ in harmony. At that time my family lived a stones _40_ from Ismails. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hinduwe just _41_ our differences. Perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well _42_ or otherwise.We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, wed _43_ the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to _44_ the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his _45_.When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismails family later returned to their village, and I _46_ touch with him.One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I _47_ my destination. The driver acknowledged my _48_ but did not move off. Instead, he looked _49_ at me.“Raddar？”he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号)I was astonished at being so _50_ addressed(称呼). Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two _51_ we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something _52_ to describe.If we can allow our children to be _53_ without prejudice, theyll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be _54_ their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies built and _55_ we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote，“we happy few, we band of brothers”36A.interested Bpleased Cpuzzled Dexcited37A.parties Bcities Cvillages Draces38A.why Bwhich Chow Dwhen39A.together Baround Calone Dapart40A.drop Bthrow Cmove Droll41A.refused Bmade Csought Daccepted42A.paid Bmeant Cpreserved Dtreated43A.explore Bsearch Cdiscover Ddesert44A.get through Bdeal with Ccome across Dtake away45A.arrival Bchoice Ceffort Dcompany46A.lost Bgained Cdeveloped Dmissed47A.stated Bordered Cdecided Dchose48A.attempts Binstructions Copinions Darrangements49A.anxiously Bcarelessly Cdisappointedly Dfixedly50A.familiarly Bstrangely Cfully Dcoldly51A.departures Bmonths Cyears Ddecades52A.possible Bfunny Chard Dclear53A.them Bthemselves Cus Dourselves54A.from Bby Cwith Dagainst55A.still Botherwise Cthen Dinstead43. A“我们”一起骑着自行车到乡间探险，希望能有一些意外收获。explore：探索、探险。 44. Ccome across：偶然遇见或发现。45. D有时，当Ismail想和“我们”一起去城里做“我们”难得一次的购物时，“我们”也会很高兴地让他同去。46. A 根据下文，“我”20年后才再次遇见Ismail，所以是儿时失去了联系。47. A“我”向司机说明了“我”的目的地。state：表达、说明。48. B司机确认了“我”的目的地，但并没有出发。instructions意为“指示”，在此指“我”所告诉司机的目的地。49. D他定定地看着我。anxiously：焦急地、担忧地；carelessly：粗心地；disappointedly：失望，三个均不合题意。50. A根据上文，司机叫的是“我”儿时的绰号，所以“我”对如此熟悉的称呼感到震惊。51. D由上下文可知，“我”与Ismail再次相遇是经过较长的一段时间，因此D项符合题意。52. C“我”感觉到了一种真正的感情，一种难以表达的感情。53. B如果我们能让我们的孩子真诚，没有偏见，他们就能与人建立友谊，而不管他们是什么种族或宗教。be oneself：显得真诚、自然。54. B这些朋友将在他们身边与他们同甘共苦。by their side：在他们身边。55. C社会建立在这样的友谊上，那么我们就真的能像莎士比亚所说的“我们快乐，我们是兄弟帮”。2017高考英语试题1.（2017福建卷）完形填空Diana Velex does everythings with maximum efforeand at maximum speed.That 36 learning a new languague,completing two certificates and opening a store.When arriving in Canada in 2017,she had one 37 ;to have what she had back Home in Colombia.”I didnt want to 38 what I do ,like so many who come to a new Country,” she said .”I 39 to open a store here in Canada but knew I had to 40 myself properly.”Diana quickly realize that making her dream of shop owership in Canada a 41 Meant going to school to get the 42 education and certification.”My experience of Owning a shop and working as a designer in Colombia gave me43 in my abilities. But I Coundt speak the language and I had to 44 how to do things in Canada. It was like having to. 45 all over again,”said Diana 46 ，she found just the help she needed for relaunch (重新开张) 47 continuing education at George Brown College. She began taking 48 for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the image Consulting Certificate in May 2017. 49 Diana met with the language barrier, she was always going 50 while at college. By the end of October 2017,she had completed all certificate requirements. Within two years after her 51 in Canada, Diana at last achieved her 52 goal when her new store opened its doors in Torontos Sheppard Center. She was on the fast-track to 53 .Looking back, Diana, a fashion（时装）designer, 54 her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and 55 the efforts she made. Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing. 45. A. advance B. start C. suffer D. work 46. A. Naturally B. Gradually C. Luckily D. Clearly 47. A. through B. for C. before D. with 48. A. notes B. responsibilities C. chances D. courses 49. A. Though B. AS C. Since D. Once 50. A. around B. back C. ahead D. out 51. A. adventure B. arrival C. performance D. journey 52. A. original B. common C. another D. distant 53. A. success B. wealth C. glory D. happiness 54. A. adds B. connects C. devotes D. owes 55. A. after all B. above all C. at least D. at first 50.C参见上题解析。51.B 由文章第二段中的When arriving in Canada in 2017可知，此处指她在到加拿大之后的两年内，选arrival。52.A这是她一到加拿大就定下的目标，是她最初的目标，选original“最初的，原来的”。53.A Diana通过自己的努力，在两年内实现了自己的梦想，她正处在通往成功之路的快速通道上，所以选A。54.D owe.to_表示“将归因于”。她将自己的成就归功于她设定的目标、接受的大学教育，尤其是自己的努力。55.B Diana成功的原因除了她设定的目标和接受的大学教育外，她自已的努力尤其重要。above all”最重要的是，尤其是”。2.（2017全国新课标卷）完形填空 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life,a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory_36_course about 20 years ago. The profedssor _37_the lecture hall,placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and inbited the students to _38_how many beans the jar contained.After _39_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin,dry smile,announced the _40_ answer,and went on saying,”You have just _41_an important lesson about science.That is Never_42_ your own senses.” Twenty years later,the _43_could guess what the professor had in mind.He _44_himself,perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting _45_into an unknown worldInvisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitattion.She was just 49 to understand the world.And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be tne 51 .The professor,however,said that it was 52 .he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute.“I remember feeling small and 54 ,”the women says,“and I did the only thing I could do.I 55 the course that afternoon,and I havent gone near science since.”36A.artB.historyC.scienceD.math37A.searched fo B.looked atC.got throughD.marched into38A.countB.guessC.reportD.watch39A.warningB.givingC.turning awayD.listening to40A.readyB.possibleC.correctD.difficult41A.learnedB.preparedC.taughtD.taken42A.loseB.trustC.sharpenD.show43A.lecturerB.scientistC.speakerD.woman44A.describedB.respectedC.sawD.served45A.voyageB.movementC.changeD.rush46.A.professor B.eye C.knowledge D.light47.A.model B.senses C.spint D.methods48.A.hear B.make C.present D.refuse49.A.suggesting B.beginning C.pretending D.waiting50.A.believed B.doubted C.proved D.explained51. A.growth B.strength C.f