初中英语语法总结名词.doc

初中英语语法总结 名词 初中英语语法总结-名词 我们班上有一些新来的学生，对我们以前所学过的知识不太了解，在此老师专门把它们总结出来，并找了一些练习，希望同学们能跟得上我们现在的步伐，让我们一起加油进步，不让一个落伍！ 名 词 在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点： 一、 可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如： 1. desk-desks bed-beds piano-pianos hat-hats bag-bags photo-photos 2. bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches brush-brushes 3. tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes 4. leaf-leaves knife-knives 5. baby-babies family-families 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如： Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen Russian-Russians American-Americans German - Germans child-children foot-feet man-men woman-women tooth-teeth goose - geese deer-deer sheep-sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有： a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时， 意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 二、 名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式：一是加s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况下，指某人的某物用s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短语来表示。另外，要注意凡是以s结尾的名词或规则名词的复数，不能直接加s，而应该加-即可。例如，boys clothes girls dresses。 不过，注意例外情况，例如， the bosss handwriting，其中the bosss 的-s不可省略。因为在英语中，如果以-s 或-ss 结尾的名词不是复数复数形式，那么其名词所有格仍加-s。那么你会说“琼斯的小汽车”吗？对，Joness car。下面我们来做一部分习题。 1. June 1st is _ Day. A. Childs B. Childs C. Childrens D. Childrens 答案：D 2. I need _ paper, Mum. I want to write _ letter to my English teacher. A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any 答案：B 3. There are two _ and three _ on the table. A. knifes, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks 答案：D 4. We have got a lot of_ today. A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do D. book to read 答案：B 5. We could see _ children and hear _ noise in the park. A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many 答案：C 6. Will you pass me _ A. a few pieces of chalk B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks D. some chalks 答案：A 7. _ has been invited to the dancing party. A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. Friends of hers D. Friends of her答案：B下面请大家自己练习一下。 1. September 10th is _ Day. A. the Teacher B. Teachers C. Teacher D. Teachers 答案：B 2. -Can I help you, sir -Id like to have 100_. I want the students to draw pictures on them. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper 答案：B 3. -Would you like _ milk, please -No, thank you. I still have some. A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all 答案：A 4. _ the old woman is in! A. What good health B. How a good health C. What a good health D. How good health 答案：A What + a(n) + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + 形容词 + a(n) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + 主语 + 谓语！ 5. Im going to help _ with _ English. A. a friend of Nancy, hers B. a friend of Nancys, her C. a friend of Nancys, hers D. a