Book5Unit3Grammarrcises.doc

Book 5 Unit 3 Grammar and Exercises过去分词当状语要点：1. 及物动词的过去分词当状语，和逻辑主语之间构成动宾关系，表示被动完成动作或状态。2. 不及物动词的过去分词当状语，和逻辑主语构成主谓关系，表示主动完成动作或状态。3. 过去分词可充当时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、结果状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语，可在前面加相应的状语从句连词when / if / unless / once / though / although / even if / even though / as if / as though等，可转化为相应的状语从句。I当时间状语，可和when连用Heated, water changes into vapour.=When (it is) heated, water changes into vapour.1. _ (see) from the top of the hill, the lake looks like a mirror. 2. When _ (compare) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.II. 当条件状语，可和if / unless / once连用 Given more time, I could do it better. =If (I was) given more time, I could do it better. United, we stand; divided, we fall. =If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall. 1. The flowers will die unless _ (water) every day. 2. If not _ (handle) at once, the situation will get worse.III. 当原因状语，可转化为原因状语从句 Bitten by a snake once, he was afraid even when he saw a rope. =As / Because he was bitten by a snake once, he was afraid even when he saw a rope. His eyes injured in an accident, he lost his sight. =As / Because his eyes were injured in an accident, he lost his sight. 1. _ (influence) by her parents, she chose to be a teacher. 2. _ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a car.IV. 当结果状语，可转化为并列句 The typhoon swept up the village, many houses blown down. =The typhoon swept up the village, and many houses were blown down. He fall from the tree, his arm broken. =He fall from the tree, and his arm was broken. 1. It had been raining for several days, the village _ (flood).2. He was knocked violently in the match, his leg _ (injure).V. 当让步状语，可和though / although / even if (though)连用 Though tired, he went on working. =Though he was tired, he went on working. Offered a good job by an international company, he gave up the chance. =Although he was offered a good job by an international company, he gave up the chance. 1. Though _ (face) with the difficult situation, they didnt lose heart.2. Badly _ (wound), he continued to fight.VI. 当方式状语，可和as / as if / as though连用 She was in tears as if deeply moved by his story. =She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by his story. I wonder why he didnt do it as told to. =I wonder why he didnt do it as he was told to. 1. He talked a lot of nonsense as if _ (drink). 2. The girl stood still as if _ (shock) at the scene.VII. 当伴随状语，表示伴随动作或状态，可转化为并列句 The teacher entered the classroom, followed by his students.=The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by his students. The old man came in, supported by his son.=The old man walked in the park, and he was supported by his son. 1. He left the office, _ (disappoint). 2.The thief was brought, his hands _ (tie) behind his back.注意：1. 状态动词和情感动词的过去分词已形容词化，当状语不表示被动动作，而表示状态，如：lost / dressed / seated / located / surprised / satisfied / amazed / confused / puzzled等。 Located in the northeast of Hainan, Wenchang is a beautiful city. Seated alone in the bar, she felt lonely.2. 过去分词当状语，其逻辑主语和句子主语一致时可省略，不一致时要添加相应的逻辑主语。 Praised by his teachers, he worked even harder. The river seriously polluted, all th