人教版八年级初二下unit2知识解义和练习含答案.doc

日期：2017.0上课时间：17：00-19：00教学主题： Unit2 Section A1. You could help clean up the city parks.【解析1】help v helpful 1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事。 2). help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）。 3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。 4). with the help of 在帮助下。 5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。 6).Cant help doing 情不自禁做.【2013日照】15. Mary is so _ she comes to you whenever youre in trouble. A. usefulB. carefulC. thankfulD. helpful【2012 烟台中考】25. The woman _all of her money to charities_ the poor.A. gave off, to helpB. gave up, helping C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping【解析2】clean up 把打扫干净（v. + adv.） clean up the table = clean the table up Its your turn _up the kitchen.(clean)( ) Your bedroom is too dirty, please _.A. clean it up B. clean up it C. set it up ( ) If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _. A. deeper and deeper B. cleaner and cleaner C. dirtier and dirtier D. wider and wider2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 【解析1】sick /ill ： (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill illness n.“病；疾病” . You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill) .He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲 I think her (ill) is very serious. 我认为她的病是很严重。( ) The _ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday. A. sick B. ill C. good D. well 【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital (1) in the hospital“在医院” 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；(2) in hospital “在医院；住院” 指生病住院。 类似的短语有：in the bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上； in bed“在床上”指躺在床上Tom is ill and staying in bed. ( ) 【湖南邵阳】 My grandfather was ill _ last week. Im sorry to hear that. A. in a hospital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals【解析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴( ) You could visit _children in the hospital and _them_.A. ill, set, up B. sick, clean, up C. sick, cheer, up( ) He looks sad .Lets _ him_.A. cheer , up B. put, up C. set up D. call, up【2013辽宁锦州】11. He looks unhappy today. Lets . A. cheer him up B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas give out sth to sb. 分.给某人 Our teacher begins_(分发) our test paper.【短语】：give in 屈服 give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表 give sb. a call 给打电话 give away 赠送give away money to kids give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人 give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线( ) You shouldnt _your hope. Everything will better.A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up( ) We have raised some books. Well _to the poor children.A. put them up B. give them away C. give them away. D. put out them【2013江苏常州】8. Many social workers went to Yaan to help_clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.A. put outB. come outC. work outD. give out4. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day. 【解析】come up with =think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑5. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？【解析】help out 帮助； 帮助.出来 help sb. out 使某人脱离困境【2013山东青岛】24. He _ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area _.A. put out, to work out well B. handed out, help them outC gave out, work out well D. gave away; to help them out6. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.【解析1】 (1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。My mother used_（tell）us story when we were young. ( ) He used to _short and _ short hair when he was young. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth Stamps is used _(post) letters.( ) My brother used to _ up late, but now he is used to _ up early.A. get ;get B. getting; get C. get; getting D. getting; getting( ) Keys are used _ the door. A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening【2013湖北随州】33. How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking【2013四川雅安】20. My parents getting up early on weekdaysA. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to【2013黑龙江龙东】30. She live with her grandparents , but she doesnt now. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to【2013贵州安顺】18. She _ live alone. But she _ living alone because she feels lonely. A. used to; doesnt used to B. is used to; was used to C. used to; is not used to D. was used to; doesnt used to7. That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。【解析】sound (1)n声音 We heard a strange sound. 【辨析】Sound/noise/voicesound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。 Mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美。 Dont make such a noise. 别这样大声喧哗。 【2011大庆4】11. Did you hear any strange _when the quake happened? No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful _of my birds at that time. A. voice; noise B. noise; sound C. whisper; sound D. sound; voice【2011四川德阳2】4. Stop making so much _. The children are sleeping. A. voice B. noise C. sound(2) vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词） How does the music sound to you? 这音乐你听起来怎么样？ It sounds beautiful. 它听起来很美。【2013山东临沂】25. Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course. It _ interesting.A. tastesB. smellsC. soundsD. feels8. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to home .(2)lonely 指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的( ) The old man lives _，but he never feels _. A. alone ;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely( ) My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone. A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself( ) He did the work all by himself. A. already B. together C. alone D. Lonely【2011雅安】12. His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _. A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone【2012贵州安顺】22.His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _ Alonely; alone Balone; lonely Clonely; lonely Dalone; alone【2013 上海】67. My old neighbor Charles felt _ after his children moved out.A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. Happily9. We should listen to them and care for them . 我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料【2013湖北黄石2】 33. Many students in our school _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care10. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 【解析1】give up 放弃 give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it. A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away【2013江苏泰州】13. Its too hard for me to be a trailwalker. Never _. Believe in yourself!A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up【2013江苏连云港】11. It was a difficult time for the quakehit victims in Yaan, but they didnt _ hope. A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give out 【2013浙江温州】8. Andrea Bocelli never , which makes him a successful singer.A. takes awayB. gives awayC. gets upD. gives up【2013山东德州】Although many great people ever failed, they never_and managed to succeed.A. set out B. stayed up C. kept on D. gave up【2013安徽】48. The people in Yaan have met lots of difficulties, but they havent _hope. A. picked up B. given up C. looked for D. waited for【2013山东滨州】24. Diaoyu Island belongs to China.Surely it does! We Chinese will never it up.A. cut B. fix C. give D. set【解析2】several可作定语，表示“几个”：= a fewSeveralboyswereinjured.有几个小伙子伤了。 Myfriendspeaksseverallanguages.我的朋友能讲几种语言11. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 【解析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者 volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事Jack volunteered _(carry) the water.They often _(自愿去教) the children12. . But I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识【解析】 “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，13. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces. 【解析1】such词条词性用法常用结构such形容词修饰名词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名词such+ 除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除much/little之外的形容词+ 不可数名词so程度副词修饰形容词或副词so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数so+ many/few +可数名词复数so+ much/little+不可数名词【解析1】(1)so that 如此.以致 “So +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句 so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.【2011雅安】17. The girl is _ a nice girl _ we all want to help her. A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. very; that【2012江苏镇江】Some word puzzles in this book are _ difficult that _ students can solve them.A. such; few B. such; little C. so; few D. so; little【2012广东河源】The teacher speaks very loudly _ all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since D. when【2013江苏常州2】He offered _ valuable(有价值的）advice that _ people disagreed. A.such; a few B. Such; few C. So ; a few D. So; few【2013江苏泰州1】9. “Im a singer” is _ an interesting TV show _ many people like watching it. A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as【解析2】get better 变得更好14. She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。【解析】at the age of 在.岁的时候= when sb. Was . Years old.【2013南京2】28. Do you know Mu Yan? Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature the age of 57. A. inB. atC. on D. to15. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。【解析】try out 尝试；实验 try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 We should _(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.( ) We should try _ much fruit. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats16. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。【解析】once a week 一周一次【2013年北京】29.-_do you go to the cinema? -Once a month. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much17. .，but you can see in their eyes theyre going on a different journey with each new book,., 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不 同的旅行。【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行18. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。【解析】 come true 实现词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”We want to see young people _(实现他们的梦想)。_(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.【2013四川遂宁】27. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will _ . A. come out B. come true C. achieve19. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。【解析】at the same time 同时, 【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at _ same time. A.a B.an C.the D. /20. However, few people think about what they can do to help others.【解析1】however 然而【辨析】however和but二者都意为“可是，但是”； but是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。Ireallydontlikecheese,butIwilltryjustalittlethistime. however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。 Itwasraininghard.However,wewentouttolookfortheboy.【解析2】few 几乎没有词条含义修饰的名词的数例句few几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数They know few of usa few 一些（表肯定含义）He made a few mistakeslittle几乎没有（表否定含义）不可数名词I spend very little on fooda little 一些（表肯定含义）I know a little about the story【2011无锡1】 There used to be lots of fish in the lake. Yes, but there are very _ now. A. few B. fewer C. little D. Less【2013重庆】The girl in purple is new here, so _ people know her. A. few B .a few C .a little21. There are many people who are less lucky than us .有很多没有我们幸运的人。【解析】less 较少的； 较次的【2012 呼和浩特1】5. To live a green life, we should try to save _ energy and produce_ pollution. A. more; less B. less; more C. more; fewer D. most; least【2013荆门3】113. The worlds population is growing _and there is _land and water for growing rice. A. more; less B. larger; fewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer【2013黔西南3】120. Remember this , children . _careful you are , _mistakes you will make . We know , Mr. Li . A. The more; the more B.The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less【注】less 可用在部分双音节和多音节形容词和副词前，构成形容词和副词的比较级。【2013 湖北黄冈】26. How far is Yuhua Middle School from here? Its around five minutes walk. A. about B. over C. more than D. less than【2013湖北十堰】13. Many boy students think math is _ English. I agree. Im weak in English. A. much difficult thanB. so difficult as C. less difficult thanD. more difficult than 22. For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 【解析1】for examplefor example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语， 用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 For example，he is a good student. such as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 可以和and so on 连用。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。 【解析2】 raise （raised; raised) v 募集；征集 raise money for. “为.筹款”【解析3】 home n 家homeless adj. 无家可归的be home to = be the home of sb. 成为家园 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩【2011宁夏】28. We have only one Earth. Its our common _.A. family B. house C. home D. room【拓展】由home构成的合成词： homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的【2013河南】23 He was born in Italy, but he has made China his _. A. family B. address C. house D. home【同类记忆】 careless 粗心的 hopeless 没有希望的 helpless 无助的 useless 没有用的be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家23. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa,and help people there. 【解析】 stop doing (1)stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止讲话 (2)stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话 (3)stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 (4)cant stop doing sth 忍不住做【2013黄石市】29. Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; tellingB. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking【2013年孝感】39. Dad, why must I stop computer games?For your health, my boy.A. play B. to play C. to playingD. playingSection B1. I repaired it . 我把它修好了【解析】 repair v “修理；修复”1) repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或 失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。 Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。 This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。3) fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起 来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。 Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?2. I take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈。【解析】(1)take after =be similar to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像 （v. +adv）3. I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。【解析】fix =mend=repair v 修理，修补 fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv) ( ) Where is Frank now? He _his bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up ( ) My watch doesnt work .I wonder who can _for me.A. fix up it B. fix it up C. mix it up D. mix them up 【2013山东烟台】28.My bike is broken. Could you help me to ? A. fix it up B. set it up C. make it up D. put it up4. Im similar to her . 我和她很像。【解析】similar adj. 相似的 be similar to sb. 和某人很相似( ) Mary is very similar _her sister in appearance.A. in B. to C. with D. for( ) Her sweater is _ to my sisters . They are th