追风筝的人中文初稿20160105.doc

浅析追风筝的人中的友谊与背叛摘要：追风筝的人是由卡勒德.胡塞尼撰写的第一本小说。他是一部把阿富汗文化介绍给西方读者的小说家,也是一步典型的成长小说,在出版后大受欢迎。本文通过三部分着重论述小说所突显的友谊和背叛的主题。第一部分主要介绍阿富汗和美国的背景；第二部分主要介绍追风筝的人中的哈桑和阿米尔的友谊以及阿米尔和拉辛汗的友谊；第三部分主要介绍追风筝的人中的背叛和背叛的缘由。在那个灰色的时代背景下，唯有风筝在高昂飞翔，飞行在一切的恶行和苦难之上，可以让人仰望，给故事增添了一抹亮色。而后半部有太多巧合，有太多和前半部的暗合与对应。胡塞尼使我们看到一个在挣扎中成长的普通人，一个孤独而卑微的英雄形象，他的自私与懦弱，他受折磨的良心，他逐渐强大起来的内心和信仰的力量。关键词：追风筝的人；友谊；背叛The analysis of friendship and betrayal in The Kite RunnerAbstract:The Kite Runner was writted by Khaled Hosseini which was his first novel. It is a novel in which the Afghan culture was introduced to Western readers, and it is a step typical Bildungsroman, which was popular after it was published.This paper focuses on the friendship and betrayal theme embodied of novel from three parts. The first part introduces the background of Afghanistan and the United States; the second part introduces the friendship of The Kite Runner in between Amir and Hassan, as well as Amir Khan and Racine; the third part introduces the betrayal and the reason of betrayal in The Kite Runner . Under the gray background of the times, the only kite fly highly, and fly over all evil and suffering, which can make people look, add a dash of color to the story. Husseini enables us to see an ordinary person, who grew up in the struggle, and enables us to see a lonely and humble hero image, and his selfishness and cowardice, his conscience tortured, his gradually stronger inner and faith strength.Key words: The Kite Runner;friendship; betrayal Introduction:The Kite Runner tell a story of a boy childhoods memories and the soul salvation process for the fault of childhood after grown up who was a immigrants boy in the United States from Afghanistan by the first-person perspective. Drama span the 1950s to the 21st century, the book is similar to the autobiographical novel, the heros experience and background is very similar to the authors experience background. When the hero was young, he was born a high society in Afghanistan, his father was charitable and gyotoku by doing business, and was very prestigious in the local . However, due to the childs selfish of hero, he like to get all the love from his father very much, and it is often because the warmth of a servants child from his father, then felt jealous in the heart. When the hero was child, his character was weak, but the child of servant was fearless, loyal. Later, the hero who was unbalance in his heart framed servant one family by means of disgraceful. Leading to a servant living in a foreign land, and then due to the outbreak of war in Afghanistan, a hero was forced to flee the United States. After his fathers partner in a deep understanding of the facts, and through their own efforts to heal his many years of guilt. He encourage the hero back to Afghanistan and to find the servants child before he was death, and to heal their inner guilt for many years through their own efforts. The hero who has become a successful career was courage to return to his hometown where the Taliban has been ruled and Cang Yi everywhere like a man the first time. In the harsh reality, we find old friends, after learning of the amazing secrets. He tried to complete a mans growth like the atonement at last which was touching. The author described the family, friendship and love of hero in the book, in which friendship is the most striking, and the most touched me between Amir and Hassan. Therefor I will focus on the friendship and betrayal in the following paper, including the severe form at that time. A lot of people have talked about the betrayal and redemption about the touching novel. But in my opinion there is a very important factor - friendship. Friendship is the worlds most essential thing, and the most unseen and precious things , which was worth generations lips. In addition, the book also another very worthy of attention and that is a betrayal. The hero betrayed again and again which make person very disgruntled, but if you thought carefully, these are its cause for all betrayed, not be considered right or wrong with a few words . In writing this topic, the biggest problem is to find the situation in Afghanistan and the United States that year, perhaps it is very one-sided in a later discussion. But if it was studied carefully, then maybe the situation would be complementary. This issue is positive and full of positive energy in my opinion, The Kite Runner is a novel which was very worth to study and lips .The background of Afghan and AmericanFrom 1979 to 1989, the Soviet armed invasion of Afghanistan, and launched a war of aggression and counter-aggression with Afghan resistance forces, which was also known as the war in Afghanistan. Forty years ago, Afghanistan was facing internal and external dilemma: the end of the monarchy in Afghanistan, the Soviet invasion, civil war, the Taliban came to power, 911 events, and so on. Because of Muslim cultural conflicts, wars were caused continuely. Racial and ethnic conflict, the conflicts between religion and religious, the integration between cultural and cultural ,the antagonism personal feelings and social system. The war in Afghanistan was protracted , which lasted more than nine years, and bring Afghanistan and Soviet peoples untold disaster. In Afghanistan more than 130 people were killed, more than 500 million people have become refugees in exile; for the Soviet Union more than 1.5 million soldiers fighting in Afghanistan, a total of more than 50,000 casualties, cost 45 billion rubles, which lead to the weakening of the national strength. Thus forced to change its global strategy, the international strategic pattern had a profound impact. During the war, the Soviets use a lot of advanced weapons, take a variety of strategies and tactics, but because of the unjust war, that was strongly opposed by the international community and the Soviet people. Although the resist forces of Afghan people was disadvantage in troops and weapons and so on, but because work is just war, that embraced by the majority of the people and supportedn from the international community, the troops morale.A. The situation in AfghanistanIn the process of the formation of the Afghan State, national identity plays a positive and negative role at the same time. Afghanistan is now the name of the country, its full name is the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, foreign scholars believe that the country has about 50 ethnic. Chinese scholars believe that there are 21 national or 30 ethnic. According to the data released from the Chinese Foreign Ministry website, the formation of the modern state in Afghanistan will rise along with Pashtun nationalism. Pashtuns are the backbone of the Afghan Nation. Afghanistan now has about 2850 million people, in which Pashtun accounted for 38-44 percent , 25 percent for Tajik, Hazara accounted for less than 10%, in addition to Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, more than 20 ethnic minorities. Sunni Muslim accounted for 80%, and Shia Muslim was 19%, other was 1%. More than 98% of residents believe in Islam, of which 90% are Sunni, the rest was Shiite.Amirs ethnic was Pashtuns, the ethnic of Hassan was Hazara. Early in the 18th century, when the formation of the Afghan national, Hazaras and Pashtuns have partially contradictory. Hazaras was the descendants of Mongolian, many scholars believe that they were the descendant that Genghis Khan expedition in troops left. Pashtun is a native aboriginal. Pashtuns have the different language and customs as well as the faith with Hazaras , in addition to different origins. Hazaras are a nation, who have a traditional Mongolian descent. They believe in Islam from shiites. I think their appearance is very similar to the Chinese people. The Taliban were almost all Pashtuns, who are Sunni, and did not think Hazaras from the Shiite are Muslims. This is a country in which political and religious were unity, the fate of Hazara can be imagined. The results of the Cold War lead that the Soviet Union need to expand their influence. Amir experienced a coup which was supported by the Soviet regime instigated. After such a coup times, the Soviet Union think they can personally instigated regime, and therefore sent troops to occupy Afghanistan. Amirs father took him to flee to Pakistan in which that should be 79 years. Soviet Union ruled for 10 years exactly, which is the roots that a lot of people think that Afghanistan got more chaotic , so Amirs father will be so hated Russians.B. The situation in the United StatesHero live those years in American, the United States occur important changes. July 1984 a Sunday morning”, in the carding process, we found that this is the second exact point time which is relatively surprising. “Dad clean up stalls, I went to the ticket office to buy two cups of coffee, when I come back, I found my father talking to an older sir who looks superior. In this point , I met Suo Laya who later became my wife, that sir is her father Mr. Taheri. She was pillar and partner of life after my father died. In the summer of 1989, my first novel was published. Just in that year, Russian troops completely withdraw from Afghanistan. It was supposed to be the glory of the Afghans. But the war continues, this is civil war, that is the struggle between the MKO and puppet of Najibullah . Tens of thousands of Afghan refugees to Pakistan. In that year, the Cold War, the fall of Berlin. In June 2001, I received a phone which come from the long-lost Rahim Khan, he advised me to go back to Kabul, and he said that there have a chance which can make me once again become good person. I went to Afghanistan, and save Suo Labo in the Talibans atrocities domination. In the august, I went through setbacks and suicide of Suo Labo, we finally returned to the United States. But Suo Labo has become silent. Later, the 911 incident occured, the building of twin towers collapsed , overnight, the world has changed. Shortly after the attack, the US bombed Afghanistan, the Northern Alliance took the opportunity to enter,. Taliban desperate around like a mouse fled to caves . That December, Pashtuns, Tajiks, Uzbeks and Hazaras gathered in Bonn, began a process that might someday be able to end their suffering over the past twenty years at their homeland under the supervision of United Nations observers, Hamid Karzais sheepskin hat and green robe become well known. Speaking of the situation in the United States, we had to start from the beginning of Soviet hegemony. In 1979, Leonid Brezhnev who was the leader of Supreme Soviet pursue aggressive approach to carry out the Afghanistan war, and during the time of Soviet hegemony, Amir and his father fled to the United States conditionally. The United States is a place where was suitable for them. They are people of high society, and is fully capable and conditions to apply for US to asylum. In 1981, they embarked on the course of which father and son fled to the United States.In 2001, the war in Afghanistan is a war the the US-led coalition forces against Al-Qaida and the Taliban since October 7, 2001, the war was the United States with 911 as an excuse to send troops to Afghanistan and some countries jointly, the war is the United States send troops to Afghanistan with some countries jointly,with the 911 as an excuse. And finally under the help of the Americans, Amirs father also return to Afghanistan in his capacity as minister. At the same time it marks the beginning of the war against terrorism, the official coalition refers to the purpose of the war was that the arrest of Osama bin Ladens al-Qaeda members and punish other terrorists support to the Taliban .II. The friendship of The Kite RunnerWhen the screen appeared which Amir as young master was similar pro fraternal with Hassan as his servant , all readers can not help but lament the friendship is so full of strength, clean and durable. They always fight together, whenever Amir was being bullied ,Hasan always hesitate to stand up and protect, I saw a light shine in the friendship between them. So the readers mind that the hearts of everyone had a beautiful memory, that is, always sat on the floor, vows to each other with his closest partner.A. Friendship of Hassan and AmirHassan always regarded Amir as his friend. Every time if someone bully Amir, Hasan always stand in front of Amirs body. Hassan said to Amir: “To you a thousand times over”. The story of many little boy seem to have no different from the between 12-year-old Amir and 11-year-old Hassan. But Hassan is wholeheartedly in love with Amir. Hassan grew up with Amir together, they usually get along like a friend but not master-servant relationship. The first sentence which Hasan open to speak is not the father, but Amir. This sentence was surprised by my heart, but also implies that no longer inseparable friendship between the two of them. Or, Hassan will never give up the friendship to Amir. Let me humble and sad due to his love for Amir. The Hazara children protected and loved in his heart friends and owner with almost all of their stuff. Perhaps because he knew all his things were given by masters, perhaps his racial identity gave him a innate humble sense and sense of dedication, perhaps he just pure good nature of the people are willing to give everything. Maybe he was pure goodness of nature, and are willing to give everything to person. Hassans selfless giving to Amir are sincere and cordial throughout his life, of which everyone had no any doubt. The small servant who accompany and waiting for Amir, even never betray when he was little prepared breakfast for Amir, helped Amir ironed clothes, insteaded of Amir to complete his fathers wish to retrieve the final trophy after kite game, also prefer to get any replacement, even if it is that they have been abused, he should not bear to endure everything in this age . Grow up to adulthood, Hassan still often miss Amir, even once had to give up their lives for many years, and he returned to the house of their childhood life at the request of Rahim Khan, guard that where there have been countless laughter and unhappy childhood empty house for Amir, even if it is finally put their precious lives. This is the friendship of his life to Amir and no doubt sincere friendship.Amir never say to others that Hassan was his friend, Amirs father hurt Hassan very much, Amir would envy, he wished his father only took him a man out to play, not Hassan. He would never admit that Hassan was his friend.He has other friends to play, never thought of Hassan. Amirs cowardice childhood led to loss sincere friendship and emotional for treating Hasan, his friendship to Hasan need to add a powerful quote. Amir of adulthood took the way of atonement to accept the fact that many rogue when he learned that Hasan passed away. He braved a hail of bullets and returned to Afghanistan to go back to save his only nephew, he tried to use unlimited care and love to melt the hearts of children, he came close to being the man who pushed the brink of death of children. But more than a year, the lack of any harvest. Maybe people will praise him around Amir persistence and warmth, but who saw Hasan for his selfless? Amir and Suo Labo perhaps was the cycle between Hassan and Amir.B. The friendship of Amir and Rahim KhanRacine Khan is the closest friends of Amirs father, they often have contacts, maybe sometimes because on business, sometimes because privately. Amirs father was tremendous trust to Rahim Khan, and often out of their mansion. Amirs father is very strict to Amir. sometimes Amir believes his father sometimes was disgust. But Amirs mind, Rahim Khan is extremely friendly person. He not only was a friend of his father, also his mentor. When his father often talk with Rahim Khan, Amir always hided the library door eavesdropping, and Amir always heard his father say that he was too cowardly nature a lot of times, it was not his lineage inheritance, sometimes he suspected that he was not his son. In Racine Khan opinion, Amir was an extremely bright child, but nature may be not somewhat like his father. He always can get there in time when the heart of Amir was not happy. For desire which Amir want to engage in writing, Rahim Khan was supported , which was contrary to his father on his attitude. In Amirs mind, I think that was very warm, and it was the reasons that Amir get some achievements in writing. I think it is inseparable from the support of the Khan Racine. Khan Racine has to say a word: what you want, whenever Im willing to listen. Even if Amir was later learned that Khan Racine was ill, I think he can not hesitate to go to Pakistan after receiving the call , which was inseparable with the Khan Racine status of Amirs hearts. Because he was not only a Amirs father friend, but also his friend in the minds. III.The betrayal of The Kite RunnerKites can represent family, friendship and love, in the paper the author tells that Amirs father against their conscience betrayed his family, Amir also betrayed his best friend, but also Suo Laya at a young age he betrayed his own faithful love due to various reasons.A. betrayal species 1. The family betrayalHero Amirs father was a Sunni Muslims of high society, was Pashtuns, and was a prestigious businessman.He originally had a bright beautiful wife who died after dystocia giving birth to Amir . He and his servants wife gave birth to a child , the child is Hassan, and Ali is not fertility. He betrayed his family, Hassans body had his blood stream with the same determination and heroic masculinity with the same determination and his heroic masculinity. In his view, he is extremely popular. Many times he saw Hassan to protect Amir. But deep in his heart, he was thinking about compensation Hassan all