赛艇论文：赛艇项目高原训练适应的特点难点研究.doc

赛艇论文：赛艇项目高原训练适应的特点难点研究【中文摘要】:我国国家赛艇队从2006年起到2010年共进行了4次高原训练,这4次高原训练都是以能力提高为训练主导,训练时间为八周,而国外高原训练均以三周赛前高原训练为主。2010年我们同时进行了八周和三周高原训练模式。本文通过两种模式的高原训练对我国双桨组优秀赛艇运动员的机能状况和训练效果的研究分析,希望能够丰富我国国家赛艇队的高原训练模式,为更加完善我国家赛艇队高原训练的理论基础。研究方法:以备战2012年伦敦奥运会的双桨组33名运动员为研究对象,进行为期1年的跟踪对比研究。通过对八周和三周两种不同高原训练模式下,运动员的血红蛋白、血球压积、血尿素、肌酸激酶;八周高原训练模式下的睾酮、皮质醇、血液五元素采用单因素方差分析和配对T检验;对测功仪多级测试后的乳酸-功率曲线、乳酸-心率曲线以及有氧阈功率和乳酸阈功率高原前后的变化进行训练效果分析。研究结果与结论:1.三周高原训练模式各个级别运动员血红蛋白最高值均出现在高原第三周,男子公开级16.67g/dl,女子公开级14.44g/dl,男子轻量级16.55g/dl,女子轻量级13.91g/dl。八周高原训练模式血红蛋白最大值出现在高原第5-6周,男子公开级17.17g/dl,女子公开级14.89g/dl,男子轻量级17.15g/dl,女子轻量级14.27g/dl。2.八周高原训练模式期间血尿素和肌酸激酶值均高于三周高原训练模式期间值。3.八周高原训练模式各个级别运动员睾酮和皮质醇值降低,但是睾酮和皮质醇比值升高。4.高原训练容易造成运动员血液五元素的丢失,特别是铜、钙、镁三种元素。5.无论三周还是八周高原训练模式都可能显著提高赛艇运动员的最大有氧能力。男女轻量级均在三周高原训练模式后表现为比连续八周高原训练模式有更大幅度的提高。6.有氧能力的提高与不同时期的训练思路影响较大,不能区分那种模式高原训练对有氧能力提升影响较大。【英文摘要】: objective of our national rowing team from 2006 to 2010, a total of four plateau training, the four plateau training capacity for the training of leading the training time for eight weeks, and foreign altitude training in three weeks before the game altitude training. At the same time, we have 8 weeks and three weeks altitude training in 2010. This article two models of high altitude training programmes to double our excellent group rowing athlete of the functions and training results of research and analysis, to enrich our national rowing team in the plateau training models, for the better in my country rowing team plateau training a theoretical basis.Methods: The study to the war in London 2012 Olympic Games of the two groups of 33 members of the movement to study it in line with the view of the missing research. Added to the eight weeks and the two different altitude training mode, the athletes hemoglobin, cell backlog, blood, urine, acid kinase; 8 plateau training mode of testosterone, Cortex, blood alcohol 5 elements to poor single factor analysis and matching T examination of the dynamometer test at the level of lactic acid more Yee-Power curve, lactic acid-heart rate curves and oxygen threshold power and lactic acid threshold power plateau training effectiveness analysis before and after the change.Results and Conclusion:1. The hightest value of Hb was found in the rowers of all classes in the third week during the hypoxic training for three weeks. Male and female open weight rowers are 16.67g/dl, 14.44g/dl, respectively. Male and female light weight rowers are 16.67g/dl, 14.44g/dl, respectively. The hightest value of Hb was found in the rowers of all classes in the 5th week or 6th week during the hypoxic training for eight weeks. Male and female open weight rowers are 17.17g/dl, 14.89g/dl, respectively. Male and female light weight rowers are 17.15g/dl, 14.27g/dl, respectively.2. BUN and CK in 8-week hypoxic training were both higher than 3-week training. The sportsfatigue in 8-week hypoxic training was easier happen than in 3-week hypoxic training。3. The testosterone and cortisol were both decrease and the ratio of them were increase. after 8-week hypoxic training, the reaction of body function of rowers were fine. 4. Five metal elements in blood were easy to loose during hypoxic training , copper, calcium and magnesium especially.5. Both 3-week hypoxic training and 8-week hypoxic training would increase the maximum endurance capacity of the rowers. The performance of male and female light weight rowers after 3-week hypoxic training were better than themselves after 8-week training.6. It was obvious increase of the maximum endurance capacity for high level rowers after 8-week hypoxic training, and for lower level rowers, it was obvious increase of the maximum endurance capacity after 3-week hypoxic training.【关键词】赛艇 血红蛋白 血尿素 肌酸激酶 血液五元素 有氧阈 乳酸阈【英文关键词】Rowing HB BUN CK five elements Aerobic threshold Lactate threshold【目录】赛艇项目高原训练适应的特点难点研究中文摘要6-7英文摘要7-81 前言9-181.1 选题依据91.2 研究目的、意义9-101.2.1 研究目的91.2.2 研究意义9-101.3 文献综述10-181.3.1 赛艇项目训练简介10-111.3.2 高原训练的定义和理论依据11-121.3.3 高原训练监控训练强度的常用生理生化指标12-151.3.4 高原训练监控训练负荷量度的常用生理生化指标15-161.3.5 高原训练有氧能力评价指标16-171.3.6 高原训练其它监测指标17-18218-212.1 研究对象182.2 研究方法18-212.2.1 高原训练时间地点18-192.2.2 血红蛋白测试方法192.2.3 血球压积测试方法192.2.4 血尿素测试方法192.2.5 肌酸激酶测试方法192.2.6 测功仪多级测试测试方法19-202.2.7 乳酸阈功率测试和推算方法202.2.8 血液五元素测试方法20-212.2.9 统计学方法213 研究结果21-643.1 四个年度高原训练量统计分析21-233.2 四个年度高原训练生化指标变化分析233.2.1 四个年度高原训练血红蛋白变化分析233.2.2 四个年度高原训练血尿素变化分析233.3 四个年度高原训练有氧能力变化分析23-243.4 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式情况比较分析24-253.5 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式生化指标比较分析25-403.5.1 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式血红蛋白比较分析25-303.5.2 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式血球压积比较分析30-323.5.3 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式血尿素比较分析32-343.5.4 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式肌酸激酶比较分析34-363.5.5 八周高原训练模式对我国优秀赛艇运动员睾酮、皮质醇的影响36-383.5.6 八周高原训练模式对我国优秀赛艇运动员血液五元素的影响38-403.6 三周高原训练模式与八周高原训练模式多级负荷测试比较分析40-553.6.1 乳酸-功率曲线变化分析40-463.6.2 心率-功率曲线变化分析46-523.6.3 乳酸阈功率与有氧阈功率变化52-553.7 成绩变化（世界杯与世锦赛）553.8 三周与五周高原训练比较（2011 年）55-643.8.1 三周高原训练情况分析（2011 年）55-603.8.2 五周高原训练情况分析（2011 年）60-644 分析与讨论64-734.1 高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员血红蛋白的影响64-654.1.1 我国优秀赛艇运动员四个年度高原训练血红蛋白变化分析644.1.2 两种不同模式的高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员血红蛋白变化的影响64-654.2 高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员血尿素的影响65-664.2.1 我国优秀赛艇运动员四个年度高原训练血尿素变化分析65-664.2.2 两种不同模式的高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员血尿素变化的影响664.3 两种不同模式的高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员肌酸激酶变化的影响66-674.4 八周高原训练模式对我国优秀赛艇运动员激素的影响67-684.5 高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员血液五元素的影响684.6 两种不同模式的高原训练对我国优秀赛艇运动员有氧能力变化的影响68-714.6.1