建筑英语unit8.doc

Unit 8 Architectural WondersText ANew words:Splendor n. 壮丽，壮观，辉煌中文解释：n. 光辉, 壮丽, 显赫英文解释：impressive beauty, especially of a large building or large placeIvory n. 象牙中文解释：n.象牙,乳白色；adj.象牙制的,乳白色的英文解释：1.the hard smooth yellowish-white substance from the tusks of an elephant 2. a yellowish white colourSpiked crown 带尖芒的王冠 中文解释：带有尖顶的王冠英文解释：the hat for the queen and king with a long sharp pointhaving a long sharp point having a long sharp point having a long sharp pointhaving a long sharp pointhaving a long sharp pointhaving a long sharp pointhaving a long sharp pointCloak n. 斗篷中文解释：n.斗篷,宽大外衣,掩盖物; v.遮掩,隐匿英文解释：1. a warm piece of clothing like a coat without sleeves that hangs loosely from your shoulders2. an organization, activity, or way of behaving that deliberately protects someone or keeps something secretPharos n. 灯塔中文解释：n. 灯塔, 航标灯英文解释：a tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing ship1.a tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing shipsa tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing shipstower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing shipsa tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing shipsbeacon chamber （灯塔）照明室中文解释：（灯塔）照明室英文解释：the place where has the beacon to gives warning of shoals to passing shipBeam n. 光束中文解释：n. 光线,横梁,容光焕发;vi. 微笑,闪亮;vt. 上梁,发射英文解释：1.a line of light shining from the sun, a lamp; a line of light, energy etc that you cannot see 2. a long heavy piece of wood or metal used in building houses, bridges etc3.a wide happy smile:Hellenistic a.希腊风格的，希腊文化的中文解释：adj.希腊风格的, 希腊文化的英文解释：relating to or characteristic of the classical Greek civilizationArchitectural terms:Tapering 中文解释：a. 锥形,锥体的, 尖端细的英文解释：1.become gradually narrower 2.gradually decreasing until little remains gradually decreasing until little remains.becoming gradually narrowerthe act of gradually lowering the size or amount the act of gradually lowering the size or amountthe act of gradually lowering the size or amount the act of gradually lowering the size or amount the act of gradually lowering the size or amountRelief 中文解释：n. 浮雕英文解释：sculpture consisting of shapes carved on a surface so as to stand out from the surrounding backgroundColossus中文解释：n.巨像英文解释：someone or something that is extremely big or extremely importantPedestal 中文解释：基座,底座英文解释：the base on which a pillar or statue standsSpan 中文解释：v. 横跨英文解释： to include all of a particular space or areaLead mortar中文解释：铅灰泥英文解释：a mixture of lead and dustRamp中文解释：n. 斜坡,坡道英文解释： TTDHa slope that has been built to connect two places that are at different levelsCupola中文解释：n.小穹顶英文解释：a round structure on the top of a building, that is shaped like an upside down bowlProper names：Nebuchadnezzar中文解释：尼布甲尼撒二世（古巴比伦人的主神，攻占耶路撒冷，建空中花园）英文解释：（c.634BC 562 BC) He was the king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reined c. 605 BC 562 BC. According to the Bible, he conquered Judah and Jerusalem, and sent the Jews into exile. He is credited with the construction of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and the destruction of the First Temple. It is built for his homesick wife Amyitis (or Amytis) to remind her of her homeland, Medis (Media) in Persia.Herodutus中文解释：希罗多德(古希腊著名历史学家)英文解释：Herodotus was an ancient Greek historian lived in the 5th centuryBC (c.484BC c.425BC). He has been called the Father of History since he was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically. His masterpiece and the only work he is known to have produced is The Histories.Tower of Babel 中文解释：巴别之塔（圣经中所传的巴比伦通天塔）英文解释：a tower in a story in the Old Testament of the Bible. According to the story, everyone originally spoke the same language, but when the people of Babel tried to build a tower that would reach to Heaven, God prevented them by making them all speak different languages.Marduk中文解释：马杜克（古代巴比伦人的主神，原为巴比伦的太阳神）英文解释：He was the Babylonian name of a late-generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon, he started to slowly rise to the position of the head of the Babylonian pantheon when Babylon became the political center of the Euphrates valleyOlympia中文解释：奥林匹亚（希腊南部平原，用以祭拜宙斯的宗教中心，古代奥林匹克运动会的遗址）英文解释：It is known for having been the site of the Olympic Games in classical times, and The first Olympic games were in Olympia in honor of Zeus.Phidias中文解释：菲迪亚斯(古希腊雅典雕塑家，奥林匹亚的宙斯雕像是其杰作)英文解释：(c. 480 BC 430 BC), was a Greek sculptor, painter and architect, and is commonly regarded as one of the greatest of all sculptors of Classical Greece. Phidias Statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Artemis中文解释：阿耳忒弥斯女神（希腊神话中狩猎女神和月神）英文解释：In Greek mythology, Artemis was the Hellenic goddess of the hunt, wild animals, wilderness, childbirth, virginity and young girls, bringing and relieving disease in women; she often was depicted as a huntress carrying a bow and arrows. The deer and the cypress were sacred to her.Ephesus 中文解释：以弗斯（小亚西亚西岸的贸易城市，以阿耳忒弥斯神庙而闻名）英文解释：It was an ancient Greek city, and later a major Roman city, on the west coast of Asia Minor. The city was famed for the Temple of Artemis (completed around 550 BC), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Chersiphron中文解释：切西弗龙（古希腊著名建筑师，建造了阿耳忒弥斯神庙）英文解释：(6th century BC), an architect of Knossos in Crete, was the builder of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, on the Ionian coast. The temple had been begun about 600 BC, and was completed by other architects. The Artemision was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Croesus中文解释：克利萨斯（吕底亚王国的末代国王，以富有著称）英文解释：(c. 595 BC 547? BC) was the king of Lydia. Croesus was renowned for his wealth. As Croesus wealth remained proverbial beyond classical antiquity, people sometimes say that someone is as rich as Croesus to mean that the person is extremely rich.Lydia 中文解释：吕底亚(小亚西亚中西部一古国,以其富有和奢华而闻名)英文解释：It was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia. It is famous for its wealth and Luxurious. According to Herodotus, the Lydians were the first people to introduce the use of gold and silver coin and the first to establish retail shops in permanent locations.Theodorus 中文解释：西奥多罗斯(古希腊建筑师,重建了阿耳忒弥斯神庙)英文解释：an architect of Greece who rebuild the the Temple of Artemis.Halicarnassus中文解释：哈利卡那苏斯(位于小亚西亚今天土耳其境内西南部爱琴海海滨的希腊文化古城)英文解释：It was an ancient Greek city at the site of modern Bodrum in Turkey. The city was famous for the tomb of Mausolus, from whence we get the word mausoleum, built between 353 BC and 350 BC, and one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.Mausolus中文解释：摩索拉斯王(波斯帝国卡里亚省的总督,其陵墓非常壮观)英文解释：He was ruler of Caria (377353 BC), and is best known for the monumental shrine, the Mausoleum of Mausolus,which was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Caria中文解释：卡里亚(小亚西亚南部濒临爱琴海的古老地区,曾为波斯帝国行省)英文解释： He was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The eponymous inhabitants of Caria were known as Carians, and they had arrived in Caria before the Greeks.Centaur中文解释：(希腊神话)人首马身怪英文解释：In Greek mythology, centaurs are a composite race of creatures, part human and part horse.Lapith中文解释：拉毗士(古希腊塞萨利地区的部落)英文解释：The Lapiths are a legendary people of Greek mythology, whose home was in Thessaly, in the valley of the Peneus and on the mountain Pelion.They were an Aeolian tribe.Amazon 中文解释：亚马逊族(相传曾居住在黑海边强壮的女战士一族)英文解释：in Greek mythology, a member of a group of women warriors who lived in Scythia, an area of present-day Ukraine, or elsewhere at the northern limits of the world.Rhodes中文解释：罗得岛(位于爱琴海畔东南部)英文解释：It is a Greek island approximately 18kilometres southwest of Turkey in the eastern Aegean Sea. Historically, Rhodes was famous worldwide for the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Helios中文解释：(希腊神话)太阳神赫利俄斯(相当于罗马神话的阿波罗)英文解释：in Greek mthology, the god of the sun. The son of Hyperion and Thea, he drove his golden chariot across the sky from east to west each dayStatue of Liberty中文解释：自由女神像英文解释：a huge statue of a woman holding a torch and a book inscribed July 4, 1776. It stands in New York Harbor.Aegean Sea中文解释：爱琴海英文解释：arm of the Mediterranean Sea, situated between Greece and Turkey, containing numerous islands divided into three main groups, the Cyclades, Dodecanese, and Sporades.Mediterranean中文解释：地中海 英文解释：the sea that is surrounded by the countries of southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. It linked to the Atlantic Ocean at its western end by the Strait of Gibraltar.Pharos中文解释：法罗斯岛(位于埃及亚历山大港的地中海上,后来指代灯塔)英文解释：The Pharos of Alexandria, a tower built on the island of Pharos that became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.Alexandria中文解释：亚历山大港(埃及北部城市)英文解释：city and Mediterranean seaport in northern Egypt, on the delta of the Nile River. Founded by Alexander the Great in 332 , it was a major cultural center of the ancient world, renowned for its library.Poseidon中文解释：(希腊神话)海神波塞冬英文解释：He was the god of the sea, water, earthquakes, and horses, who was the son of Cronus and brother of Zeus.Text BNew words:Re-enforced 中文解释：a. 加固的英文解释：consolidated，more stable and not easily to be destroyedLegionnaire中文解释：n. 军团士兵英文解释：a member of a legion, especially the French Foreign LegionDemonstrative中文解释：a. 用于表明或说明的，显示出的英文解释：to show and explain how sth works and how to do sthGlistening中文解释：a. 闪耀的，光辉的 英文解释：to shine and look bright and brilliantJail中文解释：v. 关押，监禁英文解释：to put sb into prisonRedeemer中文解释：n. 救赎者，救世主英文解释：Jesus ChristWorshipper中文解释：n. 礼拜者，崇拜者英文解释：a person who worships God.Architecture Terms:Arena中文解释： n. 竞技场（古罗马圆形露天竞技场的中心区域）英文解释：a building with a large flat central area surrounded by seats, where sports or entertainments take placeLaid-out中文解释：a. 设计的，布局的英文解释：the way in which something such as a town, garden, or building is arrangedProper Names:World Heritage Organization中文解释：世界遗产组织（联合国教科文组织下属机构）英文解释：World Heritage Organization was founded on September 8, 1993 in Fez, Morocco. As of December 31, 2007, the organization was made up of 233 cities in which are located sites included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Of the member cities, seven are located in Africa, 36 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 20 in Asia and the Pacific, 120 in Europe and Canada, and 20 in the Arab States. At the moment there are also four Observer-members.The headquarters are in Quebec City, in CanadaLisbon中文解释：里斯本（葡萄牙首都和最大的城市）英文解释：Lisbon is the largest and capital city of Portugal, with a population of 564,657 within its administrative limits, on a land area of 84.8 km2Mongolian Plain中文解释：蒙古草原英文解释：Mongolia is a landlocked country in Northern Asia, strategically located between China and Russia. The terrain is one of mountains and rolling plateaus, with a high degree of relief.Petra中文解释：佩特拉古城（约旦）英文解释：is a historical and archaeological city in the Jordanian governorate of Maan that is known for its rock cut architecture and water conduits system. Established sometime around the 6th century BC as the capital city of the Nabataeans, it is a symbol of Jordan as well as its most visited tourism attraction. It lies on the slope of Mount Hor in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah (Wadi Araba), the large valley running from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.Nabataean Empire中文解释：纳比第安帝国英文解释：The Nabataean kingdom, also named Nabatea (many times spelled Nabatean), was a political state of the Nabataeans which existed during Classical antiquity and was annexed by the Roman Empire in AD 106 .Vespasian中文解释：韦斯帕西恩（古罗马皇帝，开始营建古罗马圆形大竞技场）英文解释：Vespasian (17 November 9 23 June 79), was Roman Emperor from 69 AD to 79 AD. Vespasian was the founder of the Flavian dynasty which ruled the empire for a quarter century.Titus中文解释：提图斯英文解释：Titus Flavius Vespasianus (30 December 39 13 September 81), commonly known as Titus, was Roman Emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death.Machu Picchu中文解释：马丘比丘古城（遗迹，坐落在秘鲁境内安第斯高原上）英文解释：Machu Picchu is a pre-Columbian 15th-century Inca site located 2,430 meters (7,970 ft) above sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cusco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (14381472). Often referred to as The Lost City of the Incas, it is perhaps the most familiar icon of the Inca World.Andes Plateau中文解释：安第斯高原（南美洲）英文解释：The Andes is the worlds longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long, about 200 km (120 mi) to 700 km (430 mi) wide (widest between 18 degrees South and 20 degrees South latitude), and of an average height of about 4,000 m (13,000 ft).Urubamba River中文解释：乌鲁班巴河（秘鲁境内的河，发源于安第斯山脉）英文解释：The Urubamba River is a river in Peru. A partially navigable headwater of the Amazon River, it rises in the Andes to the south-east of Cuzco near the Puno Region border, where it is called the Vilcanota River. The Urubamba is divided into Upper Urubamba and Lower Urubamba, the dividing feature being the Pongo de Mainique, an infamous whitewater canyon.Yucatan 中文解释：尤卡坦半岛（中美洲北部）Yucatn is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located on the north of the Yucatn Peninsula.Ustad Isa中文解释：乌斯塔德伊萨（泰姬陵的主要设计师）英文解释：Ustad Isa is a Persian architect, often describ