高一英语外研版必修一全部语法详解及答案.doc

外研版必修一语法一：基础自学：翻译下列词组：1.喜欢干某事(enjoy)_喜欢干某事(like)_ _2.讨厌干某事(dislike)_讨厌干某事(hate)_ _3.一直在外面等_4.练习说英语_5.建议早出发_ _6.停止谈话_停下来谈话_7.忘记去关灯_忘记已关灯_8.继续工作_ _9. mean to do sth_ mean doing sth_10.try doing sth_ try to do sth_三、情景解疑：填空：1. Would you mind my_（打开）the window?2. He considered_（买）a car.3. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _（修理）my car.4. Can you imagine yourself _on a lonely island? (stay) 5. I cant understand your _at that poor child.(laugh)选择：1.We appreciateus to the ball.A.them to inviteB.to invite C.their inviting D.being invited2. I delayedyour letter because I had been away for a week.A.answer B.answering C.writing D.to post3. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape by the police.A.to be caught B.he caught C.being caught D.catching4. Where is my passport? I rememberit here.You shouldnt have left it here. Rememberit with you all the time.A.to put；to takeB.putting；taking C.putting；to takeD.to put；taking5. After finishing his homework he went ona letter to his parents.A.write B.writing C.wrote D.to write四合作探究:v-ing形式从性质上讲相当于名词，形容词和副词。在句中充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、补语，本模块主要学习v-ing形式作宾语。A. 请分析并标出以下句子中v-ing形式充当的句子成分：1.Nodding the head means agreement. _2.His job is selling newspapers. _3.I suggested asking his father for some money. _4.There is a swimming pool in our school. _5.I saw him crossing the road. _B. 翻译下面两组句子：1.The classroom wants/requires cleaning. _。I want to clean the room. _。2. My shoes need mending. _。 He needs to repair his car. _。 分析每组中的两句话得出：Sth needs/wants/requires doing中doing 是_表示_。五巩固检测：1.The sentence needs.A.improveB.a improvement C.improving D.improved2. Would you mindquiet for a moment? Im tryinga form.A.keeping；filling out B.to keep；to fill outC.keeping；to fill out D.to keep；filling out3. The young trees we planted last week requirewith great care.A.looking afterB.to look after C.to be looked afterD.taken good care of4. No one can avoid _ by advertisements. A. to be influencedB. being influenced C. influencingD. having influence5. The suspect at last admitted _ stolen goods but denied _ them. A. receiving.selling B. to receive.to sell C. to receiving.to selling D. to have received.to have sold6. Please stop _, boys, I have something important to _ you. A. saying .talk B. telling . say C. talking .speak D. talking . tell7. John regretted _ to the meeting last week. A. not going B. not to go C. not having been going D. not to be going8. It is difficult to get used _ in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on. A. sleep B. to sleeping C. slept D. to sleep9. He is very busy _ his papers. He is far too busy _ callers.A. to write.to receive B. writing.to receiveC.writing.receiving D.to write.for receiving10. It is no good _ remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned.A. trying to B. to try to C. try to D. tried to语法二：过去分词作定语I.翻译下列短语和句子，并试着总结一下它们的共同之处。 1. boiled water 2. a developed country 3. fallen leaves 4. streamed bread 5. a retired worker 6. a broken glass 7. We didnt know how to deal with the changed situations. . 8. We need more qualified teachers. .过去分词作定语要点归纳：1.过去分词作定语，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系，且表示该动作已经完成。e.g. We all like the photographs taken by our teachers.2. 单个的过去分词作定语，常可置于被修饰词之前或之后；而过去分词短语作定语，通常置于被修饰词之后。【注意】leave的过去分词left表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，要置于被修饰词之后。e.g. The injured workers are now in the hospitals.Is there anybody injured?The Olympic Games first held in 776 BC did not include women competitors until 1912.There is only one minute left.3.过去分词作定语时，可转换为一个定语从句。e.g. We all like the photographs (which were) taken by our teachers.The play (which was) put on by the teachers was a big success.四合作探究【思考】读下列例句，说说动词-ing形式和过去分词作定语的区别是什么？ There are a lot of children swimming in the swimming pool. There are some interesting books written in simple English. 五巩固检测I. 今天的内容你学会了吗？1. The questions at yesterdays meeting hasnt been made yet. A. discussing; know B. discussed; known C. being discussed; know D. to be discussed; know2. The disc, digitally in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded3. Whats the language in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak4. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment . A. is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged5. They on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we on it as no good results have come out so far. A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working语法三：现在完成时用以下短语填空so far for a long time up to now in the past ten years since then1. Great! Ive been longing to visit the exhibition on the western artists .2. as I know, everybody wants to be a model student.3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown. 4. Ive never met him.5. Things have not change very much .三情景解疑现在完成时1. 构成：has / had + 动词的过去分词2. 基本用法： 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（可能还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。3. 时间状语：just, recently, so far, up to now, till now, in the past, ever, never, for, since, these days, this year, now等。4. 短暂性动词和延续性动词： 短暂性动词用于完成时态时，不表示延续概念，不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用相应的延续性动词替换。常见的有：buy have, borrow keep, leave be away, die be dead, return be back, put on wear, catch a cold have a cold, fall asleep be asleep【例】 Since two years ago.A. How long have you joined Greener China?B. How long did you join Greener China?C. When did you join Greener China?D. How long have you been with Greener China? 解析：Since two years ago.表示的是时间段，因此问话问的应该是多长时间，答案在A，B和D之间选。由于动词join是短暂性动词，无延续性，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，故选D。四合作探究【思考】读下列例句，说说一般过去时和现在完成时的区别是什么？ The light has gone out. The light went out. 五巩固检测1. Im sorry to keep you waiting. Oh, not at all, I here for only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be2. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am going3. I wonder why Jenny us recently. We should have heard from her by now. A. hasnt written B. doesnt write C. wont write D. hadnt written4. The weather makes so much trouble. It every day so far this week. A. will rain B. rains C. has rained D. rained5. Ann me her address but Im afraid I it. A. gave; have lost B. has given; have lost C. gives; lost D. had given; lost语法四：比较级的特殊结构(1)“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越就越”的意思。 Eg: The busier he is, the happier he feels.(2)“比较级+and+比较级”结构（两个同义形容词的比较级），表示“越来越”。 Eg: It is getting warmer and warmer.(3) the + 比较级+ of the two (+n),表示两者中较的一个。 Eg: He is the taller of the two.(4)“not + 比较级 + than”表示“A不像B那样；A不如B”。 “no + 比较级 + than”表示“A和B两者都不”。 Eg : I am feeling no better than yesterday.(5) 表示同一人或物所具有的两种品质进行比较时，不管形容词是单音节还是多音节，都用 “more + 形容词原级 + than + 形容词原级”结构表示，意思是“与其说不如说”。 Eg : He is more intelligent than lucky.参考答案翻译下列词组：1.enjoy doing sth; like to do sth; like doing sth2.dislike doing sth; hate to do sth; hate doing sth3.keep waiting outside 4.pratising speaking English 5.suggest starting early; advise starting early6.stop talking; stop to talk7.forget to turn off the light; forget turning off the light8.go on working; continue