初中英语被动语态讲练.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除I.被动语态基本结构用法解析 A.谓语被动.一.语态的时态性。1._They sell CD-ROMs in this shop. _2._They chose me to be the host. _3._ China will hold the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing. _4._ Miyoko said they would send the camera to her. _5._ Man hasnt visited the moon. _6._ Millie had prepared a speech. _7._ People are cutting down a lot of trees. _8._ They were building the bridge. _ 9._ We must send her to hospital right away. _二.by sb之变异 1.He was hit by a fast moving car. 2.Mountains are covered by forests.3.Messages are sent by satellites. 4.Satellites have been sent into space by many countries.5.Macao has been taken back by China. 6. Messages can be sent through emails.7.It is known to everyone. 8.The window was broken by Jim with a stone / an axe / a hammer.9.Its covered / filled /crowded /decorated /polluted/fed up with.10.He is beloved of his students. 三.主动宾结构的被动.They set up the stage. _Nancy Jackon designed that CD-ROM. _ We will invite lots of pop stars to the show. _四.双宾语动词的被动。 give/ask/tell/show/buy/pass/hand/get/offer/provide/lend/borrow-1.He showed me the photo._ _2.He wrote an email to me. _. _3.She gave me a dictionary. _ _4.They told me about it. _ _5.Mother bought her a sweater. _ _- _6Jim told me a story. _ _7.They asked her where she lived. _五宾补结构的被动。 1.They told / allowed / asked / encouraged / chose / warned me (not) to go alone.I _ told / allowed / asked/ encouraged / chose / warned (not) to go alone.2.She kept me waiting for two hours. _3.He colored the picture green. _4.They made/chose /elected her monitor of the class. _5.We find it useful to learn foreign languages. _6.He found a purse lying on the ground. _7.Mother found Tom (to be) a clever boy. _8.We regarded him as a wise leader. _9.They choose Mellie to be the host of the show. _10.The heavy snow stopped us from getting there in time._11.turn A into B / change A into B / make A into B / put A into B / pour A into BHe is making the paper into a paper bird. _六.补 to型动词的被动语态。A. make / have / let/ help sb do sth-sb be made to do sth1.The boss made the workers work twelve hours a day._2.The conductor made the boy give the seat to. _3.They (didnt) let him go. _.Or _B. see sb do / doing sth-sb be seen to do /doing sthsee /watch / hear / listen to / notice / observe / feel / find1.I saw him enter the store. _2.I see him playing the violin. _3.I saw them kill the elephant. _killing _4.I hear the girl sing the pop song. _singing. _5.I found someone stole my bike the night before last. _C. want/tell /would like/ ask/order/ wish/encourage/like/allow/ advise/expect/warn/choose-ask sb to do sth-sb be asked to do sth七.据说型被动语态1.People say lots of buildings were destroyed in the earthquake. _2.The radio reports that lots of money has been raised to help people in need in Sichuan. _3.They thought that the charity was a great success. _4.Scientists believe that dinosaurs havent disappeared but become birds. _5.We think it difficult to send up satellites into space. _八.get+过去分词的被动语态。1.He got killed in the car accident. 2.They got married in the year 2000.3.He got lost in the city of Toronto. 4.The boy is too young to get dressed.5.He got hurt in the Aussie rules football game. 6.The house got burnt yesterday.7.I will lend you an umbrella so that you wont get wet in the rain.九.动词+介词 / 副词的动词短语的被动语态。1.He is looked at every day. 2.The talk was listened to by everyone.3.The patients should be looked after well./ taken good care of.4.The house is used to live in. 5.The pen is used for writing with.6.The ice is thick enough for people to skate on.十.语态变换中的分立与合并.主动句否定句中宾语是anything,anybody等时, 变被动句时合并为nothing,nobody等. 主动句中主语是nothing,nobody,变被动句时分解为not anything, not anybody1.People havent done anything to stop the pollution. _2.Nothing has been done to help them. _3.Nohody can solve the problem. _4.Nothing could stop them from surfing. _十一.被动语态中介词的添加问题。1 Who cleaned the classroom? _2 Smoke filled the dining room. _3 A piece of cloth covered the motorbike._4 People crowded in the room. _十二.多动词主动句的被动语态。（不论是简单句，并列句，复合句，需全部变成被动语态）1.Someone taught him French and gave him a dictionary. _2.We can turn solids into liquids if we raise their temperature high enough. _3.He found the book which he had lost and returned it to the library at once. _B.非谓语被动一.定语型被动,He likes reading novels _ by Ling Yutang. (write)I bought a CD-ROM _ by Mancy Jackson. (design)There lived lots of survivors _ in the earthquake. (save)二.宾补型被动A. 动词不定式do作宾补时: do - donemake / have / let/ help sb do sth - make / have / let / help sth done 1.He had someone cut his hair. _2.He had someone take his pictures in the park yesterday. _3.I will have someone repair my tape record. _4.You had better not put your car here. _5.You should try to make others understand you. _B. 动词不定式do/ doing作宾补时: do - done doing - being donesee / watch / hear / listen to / notice / observe / feel / findsee sb do / doing sth - see sth done / being done1.I saw them kill the elephant. _killing the elephant _2.I hear the girl sing the pop song. _singing the pop song _3.Ive never heard the pop song _ in English by her. (sing)C. 动词不定式to do作宾补时: to do - to be donewant/tell /would like/ ask/order/ wish/encourage/like/allow/ advise/expect/warn/chooseask sb to do sth - ask sth to be done1.He likes his car _ _ _ every day. (wash)2.I want the job _ _ _ right now. (do)3.He asked his room _ _ _ immediately at that moment. (paint)4.He asked his shoes _ _ _ before Friday.( mend)4.He has to take it away. _5.He used to plant many trees. _6.Im sure to finish the work on time. _三.宾语型被动 to do / doing 作动词宾语或介词宾语时: to do - to be done doing - being done1.New inventions continue _ _ _. (make)2.The chair is going _ _ _. ( paint)3.There are still a lot of trees _ _ _.( plant)4.The trees stop the top-soil from _ _ away. (wash)5.He tried to escape from _ _. (notice)6.He went to the party without _ _. ( visit)7.Nobody enjoys _ _ at by others. (laugh)8.Do you mind _ _ like that. (treat)四. 动词不定式to do的完成时被动语态 - to have been done 表示动作已发生。 1.She is sure to have been taught by a good musician.2.He is believed/thought to have made great progress. II 被动形式不表示被动A .形容词型被动语态：（被动语态形式的系表结构强调一种状态而淡化或不表示被动意义）1.The glass is broken .Its a broken glass.(强调状态)*2.The glass is broken by Jim yesterday（强调被动）3.The horse is tired.4.His bike is lost/gone/missing.5.He is badly hurt in the accident 6.He is so frightened that he cant move.7.Dont be hurried.Dont hurry.=No hurry.=Dont be in (such) a hurry.8. He is excited about-. _.He is interested in- _He is worried about- _.He is surprised at- _.He is amazed at- _.He is moved by- _He is satisfied with- _.He is pleased with- _He is fed up with- _He is bored with- _9.It is filled with- _ covered with- _ crowded with - _ decorated with- _ polluted with- _ connected with10.The sun is risen.11.He is dressed in a grey jacket.12.The door is locked.13.The shop.is now closed. (强调关着的状态)*14.The shop will be closed next year. （强调被关闭的动作）.B. 过去分词形容词及复合形容词。(已变成语法功能上纯粹的形容词，但仍隐含“被动意义”)1.Its a broken umbrella.2.That was a worn-out woollen coat.3.The frightened boy was too frightened to move.4.The fallen leaves also keep the water from running away.5.The so-called beach boys are much weaker than the serious surfers.6.A worried woman rushed in in a hurry.7.English is a widely-used language .8.I gave him a well-chosen gift .9.It is well-known to everyone .10.Many man-made satellites -11.Ive got a well-paid job .12.Its a homemade computer .13.There used to be a well-kept city wall in the old days.III 主动形式表示被动意义A不定式作定、宾补，具有非by sb的逻辑主语(有时省略)1.I have nothing to do (with your business ).2.We have twenty more trees to plant . *There are twenty more trees to be planted .3.I have lots of clothes to wash. *He wants his car to be washed every day .4.This house is large enough for them to live in .5.He has no place to stay. 6.This ice is thick enough for them to skate on .7.We feel it important to learn English well.8.Please lend me some books to read.9.The book is difficult to understand.10.This kind of work is easy to do.11.The dress is good enough to wear.12.The table is too heavy to carry.13.The book is difficult to understand.14.Have you got a key to lock the door? 15.I have got a letter to write.B联系动词主动表被动：be look small sound taste feel get become turn go 1.The flowers smell nice. 2.The music sounds beautiful.3.The piece of cloth feels soft and smoothy / It feels cold.4.The candy tastes sweet and saur.5.The bell sounds well.Cread write wash open close lock sell wear drive ride cut develop cook act 1.The book sells well.2.The coat washes easily/well .3.The food cooks easily.4.His meat looks good and sells well.5.The passage reads easily .6.The passage reads like a poem.*7.The essay is smoothly/fluently read 8.This pen writes poorly/well.9.The window wont shut.10.The door/safe wont lock.11.These glasses clean easily.12.The school opens at 6 every day.13.The cakes eat sweet and salty.D.某些不及物动词的主动形式可表被动fall begin start end take place happen last disappear1.The meeting began at 6:00 .in the morning.2.The film ended at about 5:30.3.Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.=There have been great changes in my hometown.in the last few years.=My hometown has changed greatly during the past/last few years.4.A car accident happened to him the day before yesterday.5.The accident happened last year .6.The universe develops every minute . 7.The apple fell onto the ground . （自己落下）8.The pen dropped onto the ground, (自己掉下)*9.The pen was dropped onto the ground by him . （被人扔下） 10.The flowers grow very well/quickly in the garden. （主动）*11.Many flowers are grown in the garden every year。 (被动)E.现在分词表示被动.be worth doing be in need of doingwant / need / deserve / require /demand doing= want to be done1.The TV needs repairing .= to be repaired.2.My computer wants mending.=wants to be mended.=is in great need of mending.3.This book on computers is well worth reading. / buying.4.The problem isnt worth studying/discussing further.5.The litter boy wants looking after / taking good care of. / to be looked after.6.His idea sounds good but still needs trying out.7.My leather tennis shoes need mending ./ to be mended. 8.The book is printing. (在印刷中)9/The mobile phone is advertising on TV every day.一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A.Is; builtB.Was; bulitC.Does; buildD.Did; build( )2.An accident _ on this road last week. A.has been happenedB.was happenedC.is happenedD.happened( )3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A.is grownB.are grownC.growsD.grow( )4.So far,the moon _ by man already. A.is visitedB.will be visitedC.has been visitedD.was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in th school hall next week. A.is givenB.has been givenC.will be givenD.gives( )6.How many trees _ this year? A.are plantedB.will plantC.have been plantedD.planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A.are doingB.are being doneC.has been done D.will be done( )8.Neither of them _ in China. A.is madeB.are madeC.were madeD.made( )9.Look! A nice picture _ for our teacher. A.is drawingB.is being drawnC.has been drawnD.draws( )10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear outB.worn outC.are worn outD.is worn( )11.The doctor _ for yet. A.isnt sentB.hasnt been sentC.wont be sentD.wasnt sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A.did; useB.was; usedC.is; usedD.are; used( )13.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A.knowsB.knewC.is knownD.was known( )14.I _ in summer. A.bornB.was bornC.have been bornD.am born( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week. A.is sentB.would sendC.was sentD.will be sent( )16.Who _ this book _? A.did; writtenB.was; written byC.did; writtenD.was;written( )17.Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A.has asked toB.was asked toC.is askedD.asks to( )18.A story _ by Granny yeste