2015年秋季仁爱英语八年级上册Unit4topic1重点知识点总结及练习 (1).doc

八年级上册Unit 4 Our WorldTopic 1 Whats the strongest animal on the farm?1 重点句型：Section A1. What are you thinking about？你在考虑什么？A. think about 考虑，思考；与 think of 同义。I cant tell you now. Ill have to think about it. 现在我不能告诉你，我要考虑一下。B. think of 意为“想起，想到，认为”时，与think about不同；What do you think of the film?你认为这部电影怎么样？C. think over 意为“仔细考虑，思考”；Youd better think it over and then write down your answers. 你最好仔细考虑一下，然后再写答案。2. I like it very much because the air is fresher, the sky is bluer and the rivers are clearer there. 我很喜欢它，因为那里的空气更新鲜，天空更蓝，河流更清澈。此句中的 fresher,bluer,clearer是比较级。一般情况下，在单音节词尾加er，以e结尾的只能在词尾家r构成形容词的比较级。在此句中是农村和城市两者之间的比较。3. I think the countryside is much quieter than the city,too. 我也认为农村比城市安静多了。形容词和副词的比较级前可用much, a little, even, far(much), a lot来修饰，以加强语气。 a little taller 高了一点儿；4. That must be fun! 一定很有趣！must 意为“一定”，用来表示猜测可能，比may（可能）表示的可能性更大。 但是表示“不可能”时不用mustnt 或may not，而用cant。He cant be in Japan. I saw him just now at school. 他不可能在日本，我刚刚在学校看他了。5. I think the sheep are the nicest of all. 我认为绵羊是所有动物中最友善的。名词复数特殊的几种：（1）单复数同形的名词有： fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊， Chinese中国人; Japanese 日本人；（2）不规则变化：child-children 孩子；foot-feet 脚，tooth-teeth牙齿；goose-geese 鹅；mouse-mice老鼠； man-men 男人； woman-women 女人；注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German（德国人）不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；（3）只有复数形式的名词： trousers裤子，pants裤子，shorts短裤 glasses眼镜； 6. The pigs must be the fattest and laziest animals on the farm. 在农场上猪一定是最胖最懒的动物。the fattest of . 意为“在中最胖”， fattest是fat的最高级。一般情况下，在单音节形容词词尾加est构成最高级。但fat在变成最高级时要双写t再加est。形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上相比较，其后常用in, of短语表示在某范围内最。She is the best student in our class. 她是我们班最好的学生。He is the tallest among all the boys. 他是男生中个子最高的。Nanjing Road is one of the the busiest streets in Shanghai. 南京路是上海最繁忙的大街之一。Section B1. Which do you like better, plants or animals? 你比较喜欢哪一个，植物还是动物？2. I think animals are friendlier. 我认为动物更友好。 friendly的比较级有两种形式： friendlier, more friendly.3. I like cats best because they are cuter than other animals. 我喜欢猫，因为它们比其他动物可爱。4. As we know, they are both important to us. 众所周知，它们俩对我们很重要。 (1) as we know 众所周知； (2) be important to sb. 对某人很重要；The rainforests are very important to us. （热带）雨林对我们很重要。5. We share the same world with them. 我们和它们分享统一个世界。 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物；I want to share my happiness with you. 我想要和你分享我的幸福。Section C 1. Rainforests cover 6% of the earths surface. 热带雨林占地球面积的6%。 (1) A. cover v. 覆盖； B. cover with用覆盖； He covered his face with a newspaper. 他用报纸盖住脸。 C. be covered with 被覆盖； The land is covered with snow. 大地被雪覆盖了。 (2) 6% 读作 six percent. (3) 世界上独一无二的事物前要有the。 the earth 地球，the sun 太阳； the moon 月亮； the Mars火星；2. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.千千万万的动物住在热带雨林。 thousands of 成千上万的； thousands and thousands of 千千万万的（比前者更多）；表示不确定数目时，hundred, thousand等词后不但要加s， 而且还要用of构成固定词组；表示确定数目时，要在hundred, thousand前加一个具体数字，但hundred, thousand后不能加s,也不需要用of.3. The rainforests are very important to us. They are the lungs of the earth.（热带）雨林对我们很重要。他们是地球的肺。4. They also help to hold the water when it rains and keep the water cycling. 当下雨时，他们也帮助锁住水分，保持水循环。5. They play an important part in controlling the climate. 他们在控制气候方面起着很重要的作用。 (1) play an important part in. 在中起重要作用；You have done so much for our study and life. You played an import part in our progress .你们为了我们的学习生活付出了许多的心血，我们的点滴进步都离不开你们的支持。 (2) control the climate 控制气候；6. Without rainforests, many beautiful plants and animals would die out. 没有热带雨林，很多漂亮的植物和动物将会灭绝。 (1) without 没有，是介词，后不能接句子，只接名词，动名词或代词。 I wont be happy without her. 没有她，我将不会快乐。 (2) die out （指物种、家族、习惯、观念等） 绝迹，消失； 绝种；绝灭； How did the dinosaurs die out?恐龙是如何灭绝的？7. Rainforests give us wood, food, fruit, medicine, and many more useful things. 热带雨林给我们木柴、食物、水果、药物和很多更有用的东西。A. wood 意为“木，木头，木柴，木料”，不可数名词。He chopped some wood for fire. 他劈了写柴烧火。B. wood 意为“树林，林地”，可数名词。其面积比forest面积小。I like walking in the woods. 我喜欢在树林中散步。Section D1. Pandas live in the forests and mountains of Southwest China. 熊猫住在中国西南部的森林和山上。A. live in意为“住在地方”；I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。B. live with 意为“与住在一起；与共同生活”；Do you live with your family?你和你的家人住在一起吗?C. live on 以为食；靠生活；A panda lives on bamboo leaves.熊猫以吃竹叶为生. He live on fishing. 他靠捕鱼为生。2. They feed on bamboo. 他们以竹子为食。A. feed on = live on 以为食；Tigers feed on meat. 老虎以肉为食。B. feed 喂；My job is to feed animals.我的工作是喂养动物。3. Now they are in danger because some people make their ocean home dirty and others kill whales for their meat. 现在鲸鱼也处于危险之中，因为有些人把他们的海洋弄脏，而另一些人为了鲸鱼肉捕杀它们。A. in danger 在危险中，有的危险；danger n.危险； 其形容词： dangerous；Tigers are in danger nowadays. 当前老虎处于危险之中。Tigers are dangerous. 老虎很危险。B. be + in +名词，用来表示“处于之中”be in trouble 处于困难之中；C. kill sth. for sth. 为了而杀；Some people kill elephants for their teeth. 有些人为了象牙而捕杀大象。4. They are the oldest type of tigers in the world and they eat small animals. 他们是世界上最古老老虎品种，他们吃小动物。2 重要词组：1 think about 考虑，思考；2 think of想起，想到，认为；3 think over 仔细考虑，思考；4 life in the countryside 在乡村的生活； 5 the air is fresher 空气更加新鲜； 6 the sky is bluer 天空更加蓝； 7 the rivers are cleaner 小河更加干净； 8 enjoy the beauty of nature 享受自然美景； 9 go there for my summer holiday every year 每年都去那里过暑假； 10 be fun 有趣；11 the strongest animal on the farm在农场最强壮的动物；12 visit a farm参观农场；13 run after 追赶；追求；奔逐；14 play with 玩弄，玩耍； 15 chat with 与交谈； 16 talk about 谈论；17 keep a pet dog 养一只宠物狗； 18 both. and. 两者都； 19 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物；20 thick forests 茂密的森林； 21 in the hot part of the world 在世界的热带地区； 22 cover with用覆盖；23 be covered with 被覆盖； 24 thousands of 成千上万的； 25 thousands and thousands of 千千万万的（比前者更多）；26 different kinds of 各种不同种类；27 the lungs of the earth 地球的肺；28 hold the water锁住水分；29 keep the water cycling保持水循环； 30 play an important part in. 在中起重要作用；31 control the climate 控制气候；32 keep the beauty of nature 保持自然之美；33 die out （指物种、家族、习惯、观念等） 绝迹，消失； 绝种；绝灭；34 useful things 有用的事物；35 and so on 等等； 36 such as 例如；37 live in住在地方；38 live with 与住在一起；与共同生活；39 live on 以为食；靠生活；40 feed on 以为食；41 have less and less land拥有越来越少的土地；42 become fewer in number数量变得越来越少；43 the heaviest animals 最重的动物； 44 sea animals 海洋动物； 45 in danger 在危险中，有的危险；46 kill sth. for sth. 为了而杀；47 in the world = around the world = all over the world 全世界； 48 the oldest types of. 最老的品种；49 in the south of China 在中国的南方；三重点语法-比较级及最高级：（一.）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成. 规则变化：（1）一般在词尾加er或est。 如：freshfresherfreshest.（2）以字母e结尾的形容词，加r或st。如：latelaterlatest.（3） 以重读闭音节结尾的词，词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应双写这一辅音字母，再加er或est。 如：bigbiggerbiggest.（4） 以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词，先改y为i，再加er 或est. 如：happyhappierhappiest.（5） 部分双音节词和多音节词前面加more或most构成比较级或最高级。如：carefulmore carefulmost careful, beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful.2. 不规则变化：原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestbadworseworstmany / muchmoremostoldolder / elderoldest / eldestlittlelessleast（二.）形容词的比较级和最高级的用法：. 比较级或，经常与than搭配，或给出比较的二个内容。可用much, a little, far, even, a lot修饰Im happier than you.我比你更快乐。Plants are much more beautiful than animals.植物比动物漂亮的多。2. 三者或三者以上比较用最高级，一般给出比较范围如：of（in）。The boy is the tallest in my class.这个男孩是我们班最高的。Lesson Two is the most important of all.第二课是所有中最重要的。Unit 4 topic 1课堂练习题1 选择题。( )1.All animals need _ water.A.littleB.manyC.lot ofD.plenty of( )2.You are standing too near to the TV. Can you move a bit _?OK, Mom. Is it all right here?A.fasterB.slowerC.fartherD.nearer( )3.Did you have breakfast this morning?No, I got up late and went to school _ breakfast.A.forB.inC.withoutD.after( )4.Your classroom is so dirty. Everyone should keep it _.A.dryB.openC.quietD.clean( )5.There were _ animals in the forest many years ago.A.thousand of B.thousands of C.three thousand ofD.three thousands of( )6.Wow, your school is great!It is _ school in the city. A.much more beautifulB.much beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful( )7.Blue whales are the largest and heaviest animals in the world, but they _ the smallest sea animals. A.feed inB.live inC.feed onD.fed on( )8.Zhou Fang, can you finish your homework better with _ time?I think I can. A.fewB.fewerC.littleD.less( )9.As we know, water is very important _ us. A.ofB.toC.onD.with( )10.Look! There is a rabbit, two _ and two _ in the picture. A.cows; sheepsB.mice; tigerC.gooses; snakesD.foxes; wolves( )11.The sun is _than the earth. A. big B. very big C. bigger D. the biggest( )12. My Heart Will Go On was one of_songs of 1998. A. popularest B. more popular C. popular D. the most popular( )13.This film is _interesting than that one. A. more B. much C. very D. the most( )14. Which do you like_, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most( )15.David is taller than _in this class. A. any student B. the students C. any students D. the other students2 阅读理解。How do animals communicate (交流) with each other? They have special languages. In fact, they are using signals (信号). Different signals have different meanings. For example, when a bee (蜜蜂) finds food somewhere, it flies home quickly. It cant spe