09双学历翻译第十七讲.doc

09双学历班翻译十七讲语篇翻译（1）： 报刊语篇In this unit we focus on the translation of passage from news. Generally speaking, news can be divided into three categories: pure hard news, feature article, pure soft news. News includes politics, economy, military affairs, diplomacy, science and technology, religion, laws, household etc. The translation of titleSeveral Opinions of the State Council on Further Utilizing Foreign Capital关于进一步做好利用外资工作的若干意见Central China Foreign Investment Promotion Plan 中国中部地区外商投资促进规划 Joint Statement of the Moscow Meeting between Heads of State of China and Russia中俄元首莫斯科会晤联合声明Remarks at the Fourth G20 Summit在二十国集团领导人第四次峰会上的讲话Cooperation and Openness for Mutual Benefit and Win-win Progress合作 开放 互利 共赢Remarks at the BRIC Summit 在“金砖四国”领导人会晤的讲话Building Consensus and Strengthen Cooperation to Advance the Historical Process of Combating Climate Change凝集共识 加强合作 推进应对气候变化历史进程Practical translation of the text( P189)We learned how far up he has come on New Years day when every Chinese newspaper heralded a 6000-word speech in which Deng signaled the end of thousands of years of Chinese xenophobia.Heralded -to proclaim; announce:公布；宣布：Xenophobia-仇外, 惧外者 For in it, the Maximum Leader of the nation that comprises 由.组成 one-fourth of mankind served notice that china is joining the rest of the world (save Albania) in the 20th century.“it” refer to “the most important speech” above. serve notice-正式通知“No country can develop by closing its door,” said Deng. “ We suffered from this,and our forefathers suffered from this.”closing its door-比喻：Children Under Parents Wing(China Daily,Oct.8,2002)父母“翅膀”底下的孩子 Reversing thousands of years of official hostility to the world outside the Great Wall, Deng said simply, “isolation landed China in poverty, backwardness and ignorance” 邓改变了几千年来官方敌视长城以外的世界的态度，他明确地说: “闭关自守把中国搞得贫穷落后，愚昧无知。”Simply- In an unambiguous way; clearly:简明地：以一种不模糊的方式；清楚地：explained the concept simply.简明地解释这个概念Land-使陷入, 使处于It lands the manager in a passive position.它使经理处于被动地位This startling admission contradicts thousands of years of Chinese policy, going back beyond the Ming Dynasty to the Chin Dynasty .承认这一点是令人吃惊的。这同中国几千年来执行的政策大不一样。这种政策可明代以前直至秦代评析：英语的主语部分译成了句子。Dengs message: Dont renounce Marxism, but adopt capitalism ideas where they make sense “it cannot harm us” renounce ones old habits戒绝旧习惯make sense v. 有意义There is a lot of sense in what he says.他的话颇有道理。The sense of the word is not clear.这个词的意义不明确。Economic reform, spearheaded 充当先锋by younger leaders, is the single most important bulwark堡垒for the nations security, for only with economic strength can bombs, missiles and planes be purchased. Backwardness is beaten落后就要挨打They can be impressively disciplined China held an impressive Olympic Games中国举办了一次给人深刻印象的奥林匹克运动会。Explanation to the Exercise Passage one (current political affairs)The past year has been a spirit- bruising period for the United Nations, disparaged by the Bush administration as irrelevant, excluded from the political transition in Iraq and institutionally rocked by the fatal bombing in August of its Baghdad headquarters 对联合国来说，过去的一年不堪回首。布什政府轻蔑地称它无足轻重，伊拉克政权过度把它排除在外，去年8月驻巴格达办事处的大爆炸事件震惊整个联合国。spirit- bruising不堪回首( free translation)disparagedas irrelevant, -蔑视,Now, the organization finds itself again at the center of things, and the dejection around the East River headquarters building is lifting.Dejection- sadnessLift- (指雾等)消散There is definitely bounce back in the step.bounce back- 俗 卷土重来, 恢复过来, (遭受挫折后)很快恢复Since the start of the year,the Untied nations has been wooed by its onetime detractors in the Bush administration to re-enter Iraq and chart the countrys political future,( UN ) scored a breakthrough in the decades-long struggle to reunite the feuding Turkish and Greek Cypriots, andacted with unaccustomed swiftness to authorize deployment of a multinational force to Haiti.自年初以来，曾恶意批评联合国的布什政府官员恳求它重返伊拉克并为伊拉克的政治前途制定计划，联合国几十年来努力使塞浦路斯 势不两立的土耳其族和希腊族实现统一的工作取得了突破， 它还以非同寻常的敏捷迅速授权向海地派遣多国部队。 Detractor (诋毁者) in the Bush administration wood the United Nations to re-enter IraqWoo-求爱, 恳求Score-获得Feud-长期不和Unaccustomed- 不平常的, 奇怪的Deployment-部署Mr. Tharoor traced the recovery from a low point last Novemberwhen the Americanbroker agreement to transfer power in Iraq made no mention of any role any role for the United Nation _ to the meetings here on Jan.19 - when L Paul. Bremer III, the America administrator of Iraq, and members of the American-appointed Iraqi Governing Council asked the United Nations to chart the political future in Baghdad. Broker-(股票债券等的)经纪人, (买卖的) 中间人transfer power in Iraq- 权利移交When when The first “when” refers to “ last November”, and the second “when” refer to “on Jan.19”由去年11月到这次会议一月19号“As it gets more and more into Iraq, the responsibility will become more and more the UNs, and we will have to be very careful to avoid a situation where, lets say, the election process in Iraq falls apart, and everyone will goes around saying, there goes the UN, failing again.”“It is never as bad as some think and never as good and euphoric as others believe,” he said. “That said, the bad karma has tended to prevail over the good karma more in this administration than the last.”Exercise：第二篇 P196第三篇 P197夸张：A Vow to zip His Lips(The New York Times,Jan.14,2003)誓将守口如瓶Language and culture:In English, as well as in most European language, one speaks of the “heart” as being the center of emotion, but in many languages in West Africa a person loves with the liver and in some of the indigenous本土的 languages of Central America people talk about love with the stomach. Since languages do not differ essentially in what they can say, but in how they say it, paraphrase is inevitable. What is important is the semantic legitimacy正确, 合理of the paraphrase( E.A.Nida, 2001, 4).One of the most surprising paradoxes of translating is that there is never a completely perfect or timeless translation. Both language and culture are always in the process of change. Furthermore, language is an open system with overlapping meanings and fuzzy boundariesthe bane of logicians but the delight of poets ( E.A.Nida, 2001, 5). Some people imagine that the greatest problem in translating is to find the right words and constructions in the receptor or target language. On the contrary, the most difficult task for the translator is to understand thoroughly the designative and associative meanings of the text to be translated ( E.A.Nida, 2001, 6).Now lets see some Chinese sentences which are misunderstood.1. 这个学生正在背英语单词。误译：The student is reciting English new words.改译：the student is learning English new words by heart.2. 在同学们的帮助下，这个学生完成了他的学位论文。误译：Under the help of his classmates, the student finished his dissertation.改译：with the help of his classmates, 3. 青年人代表希望。误译： Young people stand for hope.改译： Young people represent hope. Represent / stand for UN stands for United Nation. A national flag represents a