新世纪大学英语3-Unit4课文翻译及单词解析.doc

低语艾滋玛丽费希尔差不多三个多月前，在盐湖城召开的政党纲领听证会上，我曾向共和党提出了请求，请求打破长期对艾滋病病毒和艾滋病问题保持的沉默。今晚，我来到这儿，要给这样的沉默作个了断。我带来的是挑战的信息，而不是自鸣得意的信息。我需要的是大家的关注，而不需要大家的掌声。我从来也没有主动要求做一个艾滋病病毒的携带者。但是我相信，凡事都有好的一面。于是，我就站在众人的面前，站在国人的面前，心甘情愿。艾滋病存在的现实残酷地摆在世人的面前。有20万美国人有的已经命丧黄泉，有的命悬一线；还有100万人已经染上了艾滋病。在世界范围内，在未来的几年里，将会出现4千万、6千万、乃至1万万个艾滋病感染的病例。在这个选举年里，无论您此刻是在这宽敞的会议厅，还是在安静的家里，我都要请您明白：艾滋病病毒不是政治产物。它并不介意您是民主党人还是共和党人；它并不过问您是黑人还是白人，是男人还是女人，是同性恋还是异性恋，是青年人还是老年人。今晚，我代表的是一个罹患艾滋病的社群。这个社群的成员来自美国社会的各个阶层，但都不是自愿加入的。尽管我是个白人，是个母亲，但我和一个正在费城医院和试管搏斗的黑皮肤的婴儿命运相连。尽管我是个女性，结婚时染上了艾滋病，同时也享受着家人温馨的支持，但我和一个孤独的同性恋男人命运相连；他正在家人厌弃的寒风下呵护着摇曳的生命烛火。艾滋病的威胁并非遥不可及，相反，它的危险近在咫尺。妇孺的染疾率正以最快的速度上升。艾滋病十年前还鲜为人知，可如今已是夺取美国年轻人生命的第三大元凶 不过，它屈居第三的位置也将不会为时多久。因为有别于其他疾病的是，艾滋病四处游荡。青少年不会因为自认为相爱而相互传染癌症或者心脏病。可艾滋病病毒却是另外一回事儿。无知、偏见和缄默使得我们助纣为虐，相互残杀。我们或许会固守成见，但成见不能长久保护我们。因为艾滋病病毒发起进攻时只会问：你们是人吗？问得好！你们是人吗？因为艾滋病病毒的携带者并非变成了某种怪异的生物体，他们是人。他们并没有犯下遭此残酷待遇的罪行，不应该受到刻薄的对待。他们在被孤立、被遗弃当中没有获益。他们每个人都是一名个体，他们不是祸害，不应该受到审判；他们不是受害者，不渴望大家的怜悯。他们是需要支持、值得同情的人。我向国人发出的是“觉悟起来”的诉求。如果你们相信自己是安全的，那你们已身处危境了。当初不是因为我不是血友病患而没有危险，不是因我不是同性恋而没有危险，不是因我不吸毒而没有危险。今晚，艾滋病病毒在一百多万美国家庭里正稳步地向艾滋病迈进，沿途丢弃的尽是年轻的尸骨 年轻的男人、年轻的女人，年轻的父母和年幼的孩童。在这些众多的家庭中就有我的家庭。如果艾滋病病毒果真不可避免地令我患上艾滋病，那么我的孩子将不可避免地成为孤儿。我的家人一直给予我磐石般的支持。我84岁的父亲一直致力于上帝“医治万民”的事业，他不愿意接受自己无力医治女儿创伤的假定。我母亲拒绝放弃希望，午夜时分，她仍打来电话讲些令我捧腹的精彩笑话。姐妹、朋友、我的兄弟菲利普（今天是他的生日），他们都帮助我穿越了最艰难的地带。拥有这样一个家庭，我是“幸福”的，深深的、无比的“幸福”。但是，你们大家并非都如我这般幸福。你们是艾滋病病毒的携带者，但却没有勇气说出来；你们失去了心爱的人，但却没有勇气轻声说出“艾滋病”这个词。你们悄悄啜泣，独自悲伤。我要告诉你们的是：应该感到羞愧的不是你们，而是我们大家！是我们容忍无知、抱有偏见！是我们教会你们害怕！我们必须打破沉默，让你们在争取同情时感到心安理得。我们有义务给孩子们寻求安全，但不是通过默默的排斥而应是积极的行动。对那些哀伤着恐惧着罹患了艾滋病的数以百万计的人们，我想说：鼓起勇气，才能获得支援！对数以百万计的健康人，我恳求你们放下偏见和政见，施以怜悯，制定明智的政策。我要向所有的人高声疾呼：和我一起汲取历史教训吧，和我一起学习宽容吧。这样，我的孩子在我离去时才会有胆量说出“艾滋病”这个字眼儿，孩子的孩子以及你们的孩子也许就再也不必窃窃私语说出“艾滋病”这个字眼儿了。Wordbring . to an end cause sth. to finish, usu. after lasting some time 使某事物结束，终止（通常为已持续一段时间的）1. The meeting was brought to an end when two policemen walked in and took the chairman away.2. Now that we have brought this part of our discussion to an end, lets move on to the next item.self-congratulation selfkngrtjulein n. self-congratulatory selfkngrtjultri a. derog seeming very pleased about ones abilities or about what one has done 贬自赞的，沾沾自喜的applausepl:z n. U loud praise for a performance or performer, esp. by striking the hands together; clapping 鼓掌，掌声1. The band got a big round of applause at the end of the concert.2. She appeared on the stage to the wild applause of her fans.Infect infekt v. (with) (of disease) get into the body of (someone) 常与with连用（疾病）传染（给人），感染1. Patients who are infected with this virus must be isolated temporarily.2. He knew he had been infected with an incurable disease, but he did not seem to care much about it.Worldwide w:ldwaid ad. in or over all the world 在全世界，在世界各地electionilekn n. C; U (an example of) the choosing by vote of a representative to take an official position 选举Democrat demkrt n. a member or supporter of the Democratic Party of the US 美国民主党党员；美国民主党的支持者Male meil a. (typical) of the sex that does not give birth to young 男性的，雄性的Female fi:meil a. (typical) of the sex that does gives birth to young 女（性）的，雌（性）的Gay gei a. infml for homosexual 非正式同性恋的Straight streit a. sl heterosexual 俚异性恋的；非同性恋的Reluctantly rilktnli ad. unwillingly 勉强地；不情愿地1. He reluctantly promised to come to our Christmas party. 2. The losers reluctantly accepted their defeat; they would try their best to win next time.Segment segmnt n. any of the parts into which sth. can be cut or divided 部分；片；块One n. (with) the same 常与with连用 同一个Tube tju:b n. C a hollow round pipe of rubber, glass, etc., used esp. for carrying or holding liquids （橡胶、玻璃等材料的）管，管子Philadelphia fildelfi 费城（美国城市名）Contract kntrkt v. 1) fml get or begin to have (sth. bad, esp. an illness) 正式感染（疾病） 2) (cause to) become smaller, narrower, or shorter （使）缩小（收缩，缩短）1. In that area many people have contracted HIV due to ignorance of this disease.2. Once you contract a bad habit, itll be difficult to get rid of it.Metal contracts as it becomes cool.Shelter elt(r) v. (from) protect from harm; give shelter to 常与from连用 庇护，保护，遮蔽1. The walls sheltered the soldiers from gunfire. 2. I know youre kind-hearted, but you should not have sheltered the man wanted by the police.Flicker flik(r) ) v. burn unsteadily （火光等）摇曳，闪烁Threat ret n. C; U an expression of an intention to hurt, punish, cause pain, etc., esp. if ones instructions or demands are not obeyed 威胁，恐吓1. The terrorists issued a threat that they would destroy the bridge in the city.2. The president said he would stand firm and not give in to any threats from the terrorists.Largely l:dli ad. to a great degree; mostly; mainly 在很大程度上；大半地；主要地Decade dekeid n. a period of ten years 十年；十年期间Leading li:di a. most important; chief; main 最重要的，主要的；扮演主角的1. He was one of the leading writers of his time.2. Tom Hanks played the leading role in the movie Forrest Gump (阿甘正传).Ignorance ignrns n. U (of) lack of knowledge, information, or consciousness 常与of连用 无知；愚昧1. If he did wrong, it was only through ignorance; you should forgive him.2. They misunderstood him due to complete ignorance of his good intentions.Prejudice predudis n. C; U (against) (an) unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling, esp. when formed without enough thought or knowledge 常与against连用 成见；偏见；歧视1. They accused him of having a prejudice against women employees.2. Although racial prejudice has not yet disappeared, skin colour no longer acts as a bar to personal advancement.Refuge refju:d n. C; U (from) protection or shelter from danger 常与from连用 庇护，避难；比喻慰藉Stereotype steriutaip n. (of) usu. derog a fixed set of ideas about what a particular type of person or thing is like, which is (wrongly) believed to be true in all classes 常与of连用一般贬老套，旧框框Alien eiljn a. (to) very different in nature or character, esp. so different as to cause dislike or opposition; belonging to another country or race; foreign 常与to连用 性质全然不同（因而引起反感）的；外国的；异族的Cruelty krulti n. the quality of being cruel 残忍，残酷Meanness mi:nnis n. 刻薄；吝啬；低劣；卑劣行为Isolate aisleit v. (from) keep apart; separate from others 常与from连用 使隔离；使孤立1. The town was isolated for a week by the floods.2. A government cannot function well if it isolates itself from its people.Outcast autk:st n. (a person) forced from his her home or without friends 被（家庭、社会等）遗弃的人；无亲友的人Evil i:vl n. fml (a) great wickedness or misfortune 正式邪恶；不幸Judgment ddmnt n. C; U an official decision given by a judge or a court of law; U the ability to make decisions that are based on careful consideration of facts, principles, etc. （法官或法庭的）审判，判决；判断力，识别力Plea pli: n. C (for) fml an urgent or serious request 常与for连用正式恳求，请求Hemophiliac hi:mfilik a. 患血友病的at risk in danger 处境危险；遭受危险1. Please always remember that drunken driving puts your life at risk.2. The economy will fall further, putting more jobs at risk.Inject indekt vt. (with, into) put (liquid) into (someone) with a special needle 常与with或into连用 注射（药物）；给注射 Litter lit(r) v. (with) cover untidily with scattered litter (废弃物) or sth. similar 常与with连用 乱丢（乱扔）东西于；使一片凌乱Pathway p:wei n. a path 小径，小道Orphan :fn n. a person, esp. a child, whose parents are both dead 父母双亡的人，（尤指）孤儿Premise premis n. fml a statement or idea on which reasoning is based 正式前提；假设，假定Broken broken brukn a. made discouraged or weak by misfortune, ill-health, etc. 沮丧的；衰弱的Weep wi:p v. (wept wept, wept ) (over, for) fml or lit cry tears 常与over或for连用正式或文 流泪，哭泣1. When he heard the news of his fathers death, he broke down and wept.2. My daughter wept when it was time for us to leave. She didnt want to part from us.Grieve gri:v v. (for) suffer from grief or great sadness 常与for连用（为而）悲伤； 伤心Tolerate tlreit vt. allow (sth. one does not agree with) to be practiced or done freely without opposition; suffer (someone or sth.) without complaining or being annoyed 容忍，宽容；忍受（某人或某事）1. The workers complained that they couldnt tolerate the long working hours in that factory.2. Theyre looking for a new flat because they cant tolerate the landladys rudeness. Denial dinail n. C; U the act or an example of refusing to give or do sth.; the act or an example of saying that sth. is not true 拒绝（给予）；拒绝（做）；否认；否定Firsthand f:sthnd ad. directly from the point of origin 直接地，第一手地，原始地Issue iju:; isju: v. produce (esp. sth. printed and or official) 发布；发行1. The school has issued a warning that we should guard against being cheated on the Internet.2. Stamps of this design were first issued 20 years ago; theyre not available now.set asideabandon or leave out of consideration; save for a special purpose 放弃；对不予考虑；（为某种目的）留出；节省1. Lets set aside our prejudice and try our best to help AIDS sufferer