英语翻译第三次.doc

Whats the carbon footprint of the internet? 2010.8.12互联网的碳足迹The internet releases around 300m tonnes of CO2 a year as much as all the coal, oil and gas burned in Turkey or Poland, or more than half of the fossil fuels burned in the UK.互联网每年释放大约3亿吨的二氧化碳-相当于土耳其或波兰一年煤、石油和天然气的释放量，或超过英国化石燃料燃烧释放的一半。All carbon footprints are hard or impossible to pin down accurately, but the internet is a particularly complex case. This isnt just due to the fact that the net consists of millions or even billions of machines owned by countless people and companies. Theres also another problem: even if we knew exactly how much energy all these devices consumed (which we dont), we still wouldnt know how much of that energy was spent on offline jobs (such as creating documents in Microsoft Office) and how much was spent on online jobs (such as emailing those documents to a friend or colleague).所有的碳足迹很难并且不可能确切统计，并且互联网是一个特别复杂的情况。这不仅仅是因为有这样一个现实，既“网”是由百万计甚至亿万记得及其构成被无数的个人或公司拥有。并且有另外的问题：就算我们精确知道这些设备的能源消耗（其中我们不知道），我们也不能知道我们在离线工作（如在微软办公软件编辑文档）和在线工作（如把这些文档发给朋友或同事）耗费了多少能量pin down 确定；使受约束；阻止countless kantls adj.无数的，多得数不清的；恒河沙数；指不胜屈；数不胜数device divais n.装置，设备；设计；策略；图案文档Its possible, nonetheless, to take a rough stab at working out the internets carbon footprint. A good place to start is the worlds data centres buildings packed top to bottom with servers full of the web pages, databases, online applications and downloadable files that make the modern online experience possible. Data centres use lots of electricity, both for powering the machines they contain and all importantly for the air conditioning needed to keep the servers from overheating.虽然如此，粗略估算出互联网的碳足迹是有可能的。一个很好的起点就是世界的数据中心-将服务器至上而下用完整的网页，数据库，网络运用程序和文件下载使网络尽可能运用使其全面工作。数据中心耗费大量的电能，这些电能用于维持机器的运转包含和更重要的空调用于防止服务器过热。 nonetheless nnlesadv.虽然如此，但是rough rf adj.粗糙的，崎岖不平的；粗鲁的；狂暴的，汹涌的；未经加工的stab stb vt.刺；将刺入；对做出刺或戳的动作；刺vi.用或似用带尖的武器刺；刺伤；戳n.用或似用带尖武器刺的伤口；尝试；突发的一阵According to a report by Gartner, data centres already account for around a quarter of the energy consumed (and the carbon emitted) by the information and communication technology (ICT) sector as a whole. In other words, around half a percent of global CO2 emissions.据加特纳称,信息和通讯中心作为一个整体，其数据数据中心已经约占四分之一的能源消费(碳排放)。换句话说,大约是全球碳排放的一半。By Gartners figures, the worlds PCs and monitors are even more power hungry, accounting for around 40% of the total ICT energy demand and 0.8% of global CO2 emissions. If we decided (somewhat arbitrarily) that half of the emissions from all these laptop and desktop machines were down to internet-based activity, and then add on the emissions from the data centres that make all this online activity possible, then the internet would clock in at around 1% of all the CO2 emissions released from burning fossil fuels. Put another way, the internet releases around 300m tonnes of CO2 as much as all the coal, oil and gas burned in Turkey or Poland in one year, or more than half of those burned in the UK.通过查看加特纳的数据,全球个人计算机和显示器甚至耗费更多能量,占信息通信技术能量需求总额的40%和全球二氧化碳排放量的0.8%。如果我们决定(有点武断地),从所有这些笔记本电脑和台式电脑一半的排放都到基于互联网的活动,然后添加在排放的数据中心,使这一切成为可能,那么在线活动互联网将杯记为排放了大约1%的二氧化碳温室气体相当于燃烧化石燃料。换句话说, 互联网每年释放大约3亿吨的二氧化碳-相当于土耳其或波兰一年煤、石油和天然气的释放量，或超过英国化石燃料燃烧释放的一半。emission mn n.排放，辐射；排放物，散发物（尤指气体）；（书刊）发行，发布（通知）arbitrarily :btrerl adv.任意地；武断地；反复无常地；肆意地These figures tie in fairly well with a study by the UKs market transformation programme, which concluded that 343.5 million tonnes of CO2 was down to consumer and commercial ICT in 2005 equivalent to around 1.2% of current fossil-fuel CO2 emissions. ICTs footprint is due to climb by 60% by 2030, the same report suggests. If that was to happen, and global emissions had already fallen by then, as climate change experts suggest they must, then the internets share of total carbon output would climb significantly higher still.这些数字在相当程度上与一项由英国市场改造项目相符合,它得出结论说,以致在2005年消费和信息通信技术排除3.435亿吨的二氧化碳相当于,目前约1.2%的化石燃料燃烧的二氧化碳排放量。到2030年信息通信技术的碳足迹是到将上升60%,同样的报告显示。如果那样的话,全球碳排放量已经下跌之后,随着气候变化专家表明它们肯定会,互联网所排放的碳的分量占碳排放的分量将大幅上升至更高。transformation trnsfmen, -f:r-n.变化；转换；转换；变换consumer knsju:m n.消费者，顾客；生态取食者，食物链中以其他生物为食物的生物significantly sgnfkntl adv.意味深长地；值得注目地All this depends on what happens between now and then, of course. Companies have already been exploring technologies that can take the heat from data centres and use them to warm nearby buildings, thereby reducing internal air-conditioning requirements and local demand for heating fuels. And Iceland, which has an abundance of renewable, low-carbon energy is angling to be the worlds data-centre capital.所有这一切都取决于所发生的,在此期间,当然。一些公司已经在探索能够把数据中心的热量转移和使用它们来温暖附近的建筑,从而减少内部空调需求和满足当地取暖燃需求的技术。像冰岛,它拥有丰富的可再生、低碳能源，可成为世界数据的中心。abundance bndns n.丰富，充裕；大量，极多；盈余；丰度renewable rnu:bl, -nju:- adj.可继续的，可续订的；可更新的；可再生的；可翻新的angling li n.钓鱼，钓鱼术；角化In the meantime, its interesting to note that 1% is about the same proportion as printing and paper-based publishing represents in the UK. The comparison isnt entirely valid, for a whole host of reasons, but the fact remains that despite ecological claims for the virtual economy, the digital era may be no less energy-hungry than the paper-based world of 20 years ago. Part of the reason is the so-called rebound effect the phenomenon that when something (in this case the storing and interrogation of data) becomes cheaper and more energy-efficient, we often end up simply doing more of it, with the result that there is no net reduction, or even a rise, in cost or impact. 同时,有趣的是要注意,1%是和英国的印刷和出版代表的比例差不多。这种比较不完全有效的,因为有很多因素,但事实是,尽管那些虚拟经济的环保申明,说数字时代对能量的需求不少于20多年前印刷时代的高。部分原因是所谓的反弹效应这种现象,当一些(在这种情况下,存储和审讯的数据)变得更便宜、更节能的,我们往往简单地做的更多,因此没有净减少,甚至上升,在成本和影响。valid vlid adj.有效的；有法律效力的；正当的；健全的On the other hand, the internet is likely to be crucial to any move to a low-carbon world. Without its capacity to carry the huge flows of energy data, there could be no smart grid, for example, and without online video conferencing it would be much harder to reduce the number of business flights in coming years. Ultimately, then, its not just technological developments that will affect the growing carbon footprint of the Internet. Just as important is how we choose to use it.另一方面,互联网可能对于世界进入低碳世界起着至关重要的作用。没有进行的巨额能源数据的流动能力,将不会有“智能电网”,例如,没有在线视频会议在未来几年将更难减少商业航班的数量。那么,最终,它不仅仅是技术的发展将会影响到互联网的碳足迹的增长。同样重要的是我们如何选择使用它。crucial kru:l adj.关键性的，极其显要的；决定性的；十字形的grid grd n