大学英语四级翻译轻松练汇总.doc

1. It作形式主语时的常用句型形式一：It is+形容词+that/wh-从句例：It is important_(保持生态平衡)。答案：that we should keep the balance of nature(本题考查It 作形式主语时的用法，英语中的主语从句有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it 作形式主语，而真正的主语用that引导放在后面)形式二：It+不及物动词+that例：He has been here only three days and_(由此可见他对那事一无所知)。答案：it follows that he knows nothing about that(本题考查 It+不及物动词+that结构，注意前后句子时态的一致)形式三：It+be+名词+that例：It is our wish that_(他爱怎么样就怎么样)-答案：he do what he pleases(本题考查 It作形式主语的同时，涉及了考试大虚拟语气的考查，在it is our wish/hope that 等结构中，从句子的谓语动词要用should+动词原形这样的虚拟语气)形式四：It+be+done+that例：It is said that_(宇宙形成于一次大爆炸以后)答案：the universe formed after the Big Explode(本题考查 It作形式主语的用法，常用于It+be+done+that，结构的动词有report, announce, expert等，常译为“据说”，“据报道”)1.He told us not to wait for him because_(他是否来还不敢肯定)。2.He has no intention of making progress so_(你老是帮助他是没有用的)3.（后来证实）_she is a friend of my sister.4.Nevertheless,_(不可否认的是)，it canbring some side-effects1. it was uncertain whether he would come2. it is no use that you always help him3. It turned out that4. it cannot be denied that2否定句部分否定句部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式，但其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形式为：概括词all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely和wholly等。例：There is a famous proverb saying that_(闪光的东西并非都是金子）答案：all that glitters is not gold(本题主要考察部分否定句。该谚语中，that glitters是一个定语从句，修饰前面的all)完全否定句完全否定句是针对部分否定句而言，这种否定是彻底的。其形式为：no, none等否定词+肯定式谓语，常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有：no, none, nobody, nowhere, anyhow, neither, never等，在这一句型中，不定代词不能做主语。还有一种形式为all等概括词+肯定式谓语+含否定意义的词。例：Cheap as it is, but_(我今天无论如何都买不到)答案：anyhow I will not buy it today(本题主要考察完全否定句，anyhow意思是“无论如何都不”)1.Dont you be told that _(这两本书并非都是有益的)2.Although most people like music,_(但并非人人都想去听音乐会)3._(他的一切计划都泡汤了),so dont count on his fulfilling the task on time.4.He is so excited_(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的)1.both of the books are not helpful 2.everyone dont want to go to the concert3.All his plan came to nothing 4.that none of the words can describe his feelings双重否定句其形式一为：主语+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+动名词。Help from, refrain from, keep from等词具有“抑制，忍住”等否定含义，与cannot等连用，具有双重否定的意义。例：Having won the gold medal,_(他禁不住喜形于色)。答案：he could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本题考察双重否定句，refrain from的意思是“克制，避免”)其形式二为：主语+cannot+but/choose but/help but+动词原形。例：_(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿)，since all the hotels here are with signs “Be Booked Up”.答案：We could not help but look for another one to stay in.(本题考察双重否定句，“cannot help but”句型，注意这里but后要用动词原形。)其形式三为：（There be）no+主语+but+谓语。在此句型中，but是关系代词，即代替前面的名词，又引导后面的从句，并且具有否定意义。例：He is so devoted to his experiment that_(没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱)。答案：not a man/no man but felt his love to his career(本题考察双重否定句型，“no+主语+but+谓语”，no相当于not a 或 not any) 1._(我们忍不住笑起来)when he finished the story.2._(人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.3. Dont always stick to routines ,and you must know_(没有无例外的规则)。1.We could not help laughing2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds3.there is no rule but has its exceptions3.判断句强调判断句 形式一：主语+be+no/none+other than/but+表语（强调The man who stolen my watch was _(不是别人，正是约翰)。 no other than John 形式二：主语+be+nothing+(else) but/else than/less than+表语例：The rich have their annoyances because _(有些人除了钱之外一无所有)。答案：someone have nothing but money（本题考察强调判断句型“主语+be+nothing+(else) but”,the rich 意思是“富人”，属于“the+形容词”表示一类人或物，表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数，表示抽象事物时，谓语用单数。 形式三：It is/was+强调部分+that/who+从句例：_(做那个实验的正是我父亲)in the lab yesterday.答案：It was my father who did the experiment.(本题考察强调判断句型,强调的宾语是my father,引导词用who)1. The tall figure that I saw_(不是别人，正是我们的校长)。2. To everyones surprise,_(他只是一味的笑)。3. _(这正是我父亲做的那个试验)in the lab yesterday.答案：1. was none other than our president2. he did nothing else than laugh3. It was the experiment that my father did（二）正反判断句 形式一 ：主语+be +not+表语A +but+表语B例：There are different opinions about the true meaning of life, but most people believe that_(生命并不一定要漫长，但是要五彩缤纷)答案：life is not always long but it must be amazing(本题考察正反判断句，注意but后如果是一个完整的句子，主语一定要和前面的保持一致) 形式二：（It is）not that(who),but that (who)例：It is not that I dislike the work,_(而是我没有时间)答案：but that I have no time(本题考察正反判断句，注意“not that but that”中的两个that 均不能省略)1.I am badly ill,_(不是肉体上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people _(创造英雄并推动历史向前)。1.not bodily, but mentally2,who create heroes and move history onward比较判断句 形式一：主语+be +less/more+表语A+ than+表语B例：He does everything with great care but I think _(与其说他谨慎，不如说他是怯懦)。答案：he is more poltroon than cautious.(本题考察比较判断句型“more than ”的用法，它的意思是“与其说不如说”，more和than后接对称成分) 形式二：主语+be +not so much+表语A +as+表语B例：Judging from his words, we can know that_(他不是生病，而是情绪低落)答案：he isnt so much ill as depressed.(本题考察比较判断句型 not so much as, 意思是“不是而是”) 形式三：主语+be+ rather表语A+ than+ 表语B例：He who can recite 500 poems_(与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋。)答案：is rather diligent than clever(本题考察比较判断句型“rather than”的用法，它的意思是“与其说不如说”，和rather than后接对称成分)1. One blind man says that_(与其说大象像别的东西，不如说它像一根长矛。）2. Scientists believe that_(与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋连接了各国。）1. the elephant is more like a spear than anything else 2. Oceans dont so much divide the world as unite it4.倍数表示句型形式一：主语+be+倍数+that of+被比较对象/as+形容词+as+被比较对象例：By that time we shall_(生产的粮食将比2006年增加了3倍)。答案：produce four times as much grain as we did 2006(本题考察倍数表达法，倍数表达法要分清是原来的几倍，此题“增加了3倍”即是原来的四倍，另外，asas中间要用形容词原型。) The size of the newly broadened square _(是以前的四倍大) is four times that of the previous one形式二：主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数+compared with+被比较对象例：The new buidings area_(将是旧楼的两倍)。答案：will be attain to 2 times of the old one(本题考察倍数表达法，of引出比较的对象，one指代前面出现过的building，翻译的时候要顾及到句子的前后，不要只看所要填的部分)。形式三：主语+increase+（by）百分数+compared with例：The output of June in our factory _(比5月份的产量增加了150%) 答案：increase by 150% compared with that of May(本题考察倍数表达法，句型increase by compared with,that代指output，that的这种用法在倍数表达句子中常用到。)1. The average inc