连词知识讲解.doc

连词知识讲解概念：连词是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子、表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系。分类：连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为4类：并列连词.转折连词.选择连词和因果连词。连词也可以分为2类：并列连词和从属连词常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有：1. andJustice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。2. neither. norShe could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。3. both. andA man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。4. not only. but alsoWe should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。5. as well asI have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。表示选择的并列连词有：1. orYou may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。2. either. orI left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。除了表示选择外，or和either. or还可以表示否定的条件：1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。2) Youll either behave yourself, or youll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。表示转折或对比的并列连词有：1. butHe tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。2. yetThe car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。3. howeverShe felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。4. neverthelessI dont know anything against that man; nevertheless I dont trust him. 我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。表示因果关系的并列连词有：1. forYoud better put on your sweater, for its rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。2. soMy sister is expecting me，so I must be off now. 姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。3. thereforeYou are right, therefore we should support you. 你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。4. henceI fell off my bike yesterdayhence the bruises. 我昨天骑自行车摔倒了所以青一块、紫一块的。从属连词是用来引导从句的。引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：1. whenThere was prolonged applause when he began to speak. 他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。2. whileWe should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。3. asAs (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。4. afterAfter I visit Shanghai Ill travel up the Yangtze. 访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。5. beforeIt would be months before he was fit for the work. 要过好几个月他才能适应工作。6. sinceIt is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里才一个星期。7. until (till)I shall stay here until (till) Ive completed my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。8. as soon asAs soon as he got well, he went back to work. 他病一好就回去上班了。9. onceOnce he said that, I knew he was lying. 他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：1. becauseHe failed because he was too careless. 因为他太粗心，所以失败了。2. asAs it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night. 因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。3. sinceSince you dont want to go, we wont force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。4. now thatNow that you are all back, wed better start the work right away. 你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。5. considering (that)They did the job quite well considering (that) they had no experience. 考虑到他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们已经干得不错了。6. seeing thatSeeing that (Since) nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip. 由于都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：1. ifIf you can do it, so can I. 你要是能办到，我也能办到。2. even ifWe wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times. 我们就是