沪教版牛津英语高二下_Unit_(2)知识点及练习.doc

龙文教育 办学理念:您的孩子就是我们的孩子高二下 Unit 6 Problems and solutions)Reading (Unique and unconventional) 1. Vocabulary: cosmetics, persuasive, advertising, campaign, anti-aging, present, force-feed, injection, amazing, unconventional, principle, revolutionize, recycle, unique, publicity. 2. Sentence pattern: It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. She thought it was immoral to make false promises about the qualities of her cosmetics. 3. Grammar: Absolute Construction 独立主格结构 Key words and expressions: cosmetics n. (常. 复数) persuasive adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 persuade sb to do/ into doing 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. out of sth./ doing sth. 劝阻某人不要做. advertise v. 做广告 n. advertising 做广告，广告业 advertisement （具体）广告 campaign + for/ against sb./sth n. 运动；campaign + for/ against sb./sth v.开展、参加运运 She spent her whole life campaigning for womens rights. anti-aging 抗衰老的 anti- present v. 赠送，呈现，引见 present sb. with sth./ present sth to sb. 给予，赠送 adj. 出席，在场（+at只做表语、后置定语）； 现在的，当前的（只做前置定语）at the present time n. 礼物；目前，现在（at present=now） packaging n. 包装，包装材料 double v. 使.加倍， 是.的两倍 The birth rate in that area has doubled. n. 两倍 The production of this year is the double of that of last last year. poison v. 使中毒，毒害 sb. with sth/ by. n. 毒药 adj. poisonous 有毒的 blind v. 使失明，弄瞎 adj. 瞎的，盲的 n. 盲人 force-feed v. 强迫进食 the sick animal refused to eat, and had to be force-fed. injection n. 注射 -v. inject 给注射；投入（资金）；添加，增加（某种品质）drip v. 滴入 amazing 令人惊奇的，令人惊喜的unconventional adj. 打破传统的，新奇的-反义词：conventional 因循守旧的 principle n. 规则，原则 、 prosper v. 繁荣，使兴旺 adj. prosperous n. prosperity revolutionize v. 改革，革命 n. revolution reform n. & v. 改革 limitation n. 局限，缺陷 -v. & n. limit recycle v. 回收，再利用 refill v. 再装满(灌满) unique adj. 独一无二的，独特的 Every snowflake is unique-no tow are the same. 每一瓣雪花都是独一无二的。 remarkable adv. 不寻常的，出类拔萃的 His remarkable achievement in scientice has brougth him great honour. alternative adj. 供选择的, 二者择其一的 n. 备用物global 全球的 n. globe 球，球体 the globe=the planet=the earth 地球 publicity n. 公众的注意，媒体的注意； 名声，宣传publicize v. n. publicist 宣传人员） hold v. 举办，进行 pro-environment adj. 支持环保的 sth. come true/ sb. realize sth. 实现（目标，理想）练习: 1. Many things impossible for Chinese to understand in the past are quite common today. A. considering B. considered C. to be considered D. having been considered 2. might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A. As B. That C. It D. What 3. The swimmer was very tired but he cross the finishing line. A. could B. might C. was able to D. succeeded 4. He must be angry, for we heard the glass on the floor. A. being broken B. break C. broken D. to be broken 5. What to him？ -He had his leg broken while playing basketball. A. happened B. took place C. broken out D. was happening 6. Is this concert hall Mary made her first performance in public in her teens? A. where B. that C. the one D. which 7. If Harry did not attend the conference last night, he too much work to do. A. must have had B. must have C. had had D. had to have had 8. I know Jane quite well and never doubt she can do a good job for it. A. that B. whether C. if D. when 9. The official deeply in the case might be sentenced to death. A. involving B. having involved C. involved D. having been involved 10. We took our umbrella with us when we went out in order to us from a heavy rain. A. ban B. prohibit C. preserve D. protect 11. The new law will come into on the day when it is passed. A. effect B. use C. service D. existence 12. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of A. origin B. energy C. power D. source 13. China is to be the most developed country sooner or later. A. likely B. possible C. probably D. perhaps 14. Where is my pen? I it？A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 15. I didnt hear the phone. I asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been二verb-filling 1. _（feel）cold, he covered himself with a blanket, _(leave) only his arms _(uncover)2. The government is believed to be considering _(pass) a law making it a crime _ (import) any kind of weapon.3. After _(technically improve), these trains are capable of attaining a very high speed.4. David, who is helpful and agreeable, is a person never _(ignore) wherever he is.5. Only in the past 50 years with the revolution in diving equipment _ scientists _(be) able to study deep seas closely.6. With land prices _(reduce), I can afford a piece of land big enough to park my car on.7. The discovery of new evidence led to _(the thief, catch)8. _(meet) the growing demand for cars, the company opened a new factory in the State of Michigan in 1910.9. The CEO and the designer have overcome a lot of difficulty they had _( develop) the new project.10. The fireman _(rush) to the building on fire desperately_(hope) to save as many people _(strand) in it as possible.11. The old man avoided _(touch) the hands _(hold) out to help him as he _(step) out of the boat.12. -Sorry _(interrupt) you. Please go on.-Where was I ?-You _(say) you didnt like your fathers job.1. Dont get off the bus until it _.A. stop B. will stop C. stopped D. has stopped2. Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone. A. did you put/have put B. have you put/putC. had you put/was putting D. were you putting/have put3. Dont come tonight. I would rather you _ tomorrow.A. come B. came C. will come D. coming4. _ you _? A. Do/marry B. Have/marriedC. Have/been marriedD. Are/married5. When he _ all the newspapers, hell go home.A. sells B. has sold C. will have sold D. will be sold6. Hurry up, you _ on the phone. Oh, Im coming. Thank you. A. are wanted B. are being wanted C. want D. are wanting7. I _ see you, but I didnt, for I had no time.A. had wanted toB. has wanted toC. wantedD. was wanted8. I _ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.A. have lived B. was living C. will be living D. shall have lived9. By this time next year he _ from the college.A. will be graduating B. should be graduatingC. will have graduated D. is graduating10. Our teacher told us that the earth _ from west to east.A. turns B. turn C. has turned D. had turned11. It is high time you _ in bed now.A. are B. were C. will be D. would be12. After a while an agreement _.A. was arrived atB. was arrived in C. was arrivedD. has been arrived13. The air liner from Beijing _ at 3:00 p.m.A. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive14. The research laboratory is going to _ the new type of computer to use.A. take B. make C. put D. send15. I _ that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but its beginning to look difficult.A. hopeB. had hopedC. hopedD. am hoping16. This liquid _ the salt at room temperature.A. became mixed withB. was mixed byC. mixes withD. has been mixing by17. If they _ earlier than expected, they _ here now.A. had started, would beB. started, might beC. had started, would have beenD. will start, might have been18. Were I to do it, I _ it some other way. A. will do B. would doC. would have done D. were to d19. We wish we _ what you did when we were at high school. A. didB. could have doneC. have doneD. should do20. She wishes she _ to the theatre last night. A. wentB. would goC. had goneD. were going1.我不知是否有任何东西可以取代母爱和关怀。( replace) 2.商店里有许多计算机可供选择。( choose) 3.周五的演出票子没有了。( available) 4.我不再劝说他了，因为跟他争论毫无意义。( point) 5.缺乏实践经验的大学毕业生不太可能马上找到高薪的工作。(little chance) 6.有一条市场规律：当一个物品供大于求时，它的价格就会下降。( do down) 7.我们的花园里曾经有过他们种的许多美丽的花朵。( used) 8.关注健康很重要，但是过分害怕疾病也是没有必要的。 ( need) 9.不久的将来人们能够找到艾滋病的方法? ( possibility) 10.似乎没有留下什么问题分析。（appear）一完成下列短语。变为现实 成本翻倍 （某人）很可能做. 把运用于中 申请 吸引广泛的的民众关注 鼓励某人做. 依靠 使.卷入,陷入中 承诺（宾从） .是很不道德的 二Choose the best answer. 1. The tomato juice left brown spot on front of my jacket. A. /, the B. a, / C. a, a D. a, the 2. There is access the house from the main road. A. none, to B. any, of C. no, to D. not, of 3. of the land in that district covered with trees and grass. A. Two-fifth, is B. Two-fifth, are C. Two-fifth, is D. Two-fifths, are 4. Having too much food is not good for us, having more exercise does good to us. A. while B. and C. but D. so 5. The professor declared that he was more than his students the failure. A. to be blamed, of B. to blame, for C. blame, to D. blaming, to 6. The output is now six times it was before 1990. A. that B. what C. for which D. of that 7. He decided to carry the equipment he could take it. A. as far as B. as much as C. as well as D. as many as 8. The soldier had the message straight to the commander. A. dead, sent B. dying, sent C. died, being sent D. dying, to be sent 9. The task of a university begins early for some students, long before they graduate from high school. A. accepting and entering B. being accepted to and entering C. being accepted and entered D. accepted and entering 10. Only when David did it a second time A. he realized his mistake B. he was realizing his mistake C. he did realize his mistake D. did he realize his mistake 11. All was continuous oral practice of English. A. that was needed B. what is needed C. which is needed D. is needed 12. They hurried there only to find the meeting cancelled. In fact, they there at all. A. might not have gone B. mustnt have gone C. neednt have gone D. wouldnt have gone 13. Would you come to see me tomorrow? -It A. depends B. depends upon C. is depending D. is depending 14. Although tigers are often trained, they cannot be easily tamed caught very young. A. if B. unless C. when D. though 15. By the time , Norman Rockwell had decided that he wanted to be an artist. A. in his early teens B. his early teens were C. was his early teens D. he was in his early teens 16. The redhead duck builds a deep nest of reeds, up to a dozen eggs are laid. A. containing B. which contain C. in which D. in it 17. unlikely a nation would choose war if its goals could be met. A. It is, when B. It was, where C. It is, that D. It was, what 18. Writing pens are made in of shapes, sizes, and colours. A. endless variety an almost B. variety an almost endless C. an almost endless variety D. almost variety an endless 19. There is a feeling in me we will never know what a UFO isnot ever. A. which B. of which C. that D. what 20. I wish to attend to the lecture, ? A. do I B. shall I C. must I D. may I 1. It is obvious that boys are more naughty than girls by . A. character B. action C. attitude D. nature 2. He has loved me I were his son.A. because B. as C. if D. as though3. has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.A. Those who B. Who C. Whoever D. Whether4. I hate moving, but fortunately of my friends have offered to help.A. none B. one C. few D. a few5. Im afraid your story doesnt agree what I read in the newspaper.A. to B. with C. on D. /6. A clear, warm day suddenly grew chilly, a dark curtain of rolling dust advanced across the plains.A. until B. as C. so D. since7. A few natural elements exists in such small quantities that they in their natural environments.A. rarely see B. have rarely seen C. rarely being seen D. are rarely seen8. blood if you can and many lives will be saved. A. Give B. Giving C. Given D. To give9. The old man had three sons, all of _ died during World War .A. whoseB. thatC. whomD. who10. During the week _ he tried to collect materials for his article.A. followingB. followedC. to followD. that followed11. He is absent _ is often the case.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. as12. These photographs will show you _.A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like13. Nowadays we rely on computers.A. carefully B. patiently C. precisely D. increasingly14. I out for a walk when my father called me yesterday. A. happen to be B. happened being C. happen being D. happened to be15. By saying “slow and sure reading” they that they read every sentence slowly and carefully.A. hope B. speak C. show D. mean16. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet. A. ifB. thatC. whatD. when 二Translation. 1. 无论你身居何位， 你都要全心全意为人民服务。（post ） 2. 真是在旅行途中，Jack London 获得了大量的创作素材。（a wealth of） 3. 众所周知，现代物理学的发展很大程度上取决于爱因斯坦创立的相对论。（As） 4. George 没有到，你认为他会出什么事呢？ （happen to） 5. 每每想起那个愚蠢的错误，我就追悔莫及。（regret） 6. 德国人在北非的战役中被击败。（campaign） 7. 设法让你爸爸参加的家务活动里面来，这对她有好处。（involve） 8. 当你得到一个改善你地位的机会，要利用它。（present v.）9. 原子能的使用将使未来人类的生活有巨大改变。（revolutionize ） 10. 如果你的工作对人民有用，没有人会认为你的一生是失败的。（failure） 11. 我们估计完成这项工作需要三个月。（estimate）独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（Absolute Construction）。但它还是一种从属的结构。在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 Such an able man to help you，you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。（such an able man和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系） = Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he，注意是“主格”） = When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school. 由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（lost 的逻辑主语是the key，lost 也可以用完成式having been lost） = Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A不定式“独立主格结构” His mother to come tonight，he is busy preparing the dinner.= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.Many trees, flowers,and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.=If many trees, flowers,and grass are planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.B-ing形式“独立主格结构” 动词的-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 Being ill, he went home. Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine. 独立主格结构作状语：Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class. （时间）The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. （原因）Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. （原因）含有being的独立主格结构： It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded. = As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home. Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. (条件)My health allowing, I will work far into the night. （条件）The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. （方式）The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. （伴随）C-ed形式“独立主格结构” The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it.The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. The task completed, he had two months leave.二、动词独立主格结构“逻辑主语+being+其他”是独立主格结构中的“逻辑主语+动词-ing形式”的一种形式。在这种结构中，being往往可以被省去，这种省去being的结构，称之为无动词“独立主格结构”。 A逻辑主语+名词 Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.B逻辑主语+形容词 He turned to me, his eyes sleepy.C逻辑主语+副词 School over, we all went home. D逻辑主语+介词短语 He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. with,