被动语态专项练习.ppt

被动语态一 什么是语态 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式 用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系 二 语态的种类 1 主动语态 2 被动语态 三 什么是主动语态 什么是被动语态 四 被动语态的构成 八种时态下的被动语态 be 及物动词的过去分词can may must be 过去分词 am is are done 过去分词 一般现在时2 has havebeendone现在完成时3 am is arebeingdone现在进行时4 was weredone一般过去时5 hadbeendone过去完成时 Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere Iwasgiventenminutestodecide Bytheendoflastyear anothernewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing 1Wecleanourclassroomeveryday 2 Peopleprodoceteainthesouth 3 Shewaterstheflowerstwiceaweek 4 Theysellgoodbikesinthisshop 5 Ordinarypeoplecausealotofairpollution 6 TeachersteachEnglishinourschool时态单复数用不用by短语理解 1 Sheceanedallthedeskstoday 2 WeboughtournewTVinthisshop 3 Peopleplanted5000treesthere 4 Theteachertoldhimtodoitagain 5 Wewillbuildanewschoolhere 6 Wearegoingtoraisemoneyforprotectingourenvironment 7 Sheisgoingtotakeallthebooksthere 8 Wecancleanourroomthisafternoon 9 Theymustdotheirhomeworktoday 10 Wehavetofinishtheworktaday 1 Wehavefinishedallthatworktaday 2 Hehasreturnedallthebookstohim 3 Theyarecleaningtheroomnow 4 Sheissellingthegreenapples 5 Wesawhimgotherebyhimself 6 ShemakeshersonreadEnglisheverymorning 7 She tell togothereyesterday 8 Theboy take tothehospitalatonce 9 Theworkmust do thisweek 6 was werebeingdone过去进行时7 shall willbedone一般将来时8 should wouldbedone过去将来时被动语态的特殊结构形式1 带情态动词的被动结构其形式为 情态动词 be 过去分词 AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier smotherassoonasitarrived Thebabycanbetakengoodcareofbythebaby sitter Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam 5 主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题1 把主动语态变为被动语态时 应保留主动语态原来的时态 如 Sheoftencleansthehouse Thehouseisoftencleanedbyher 2 有些动词可以有双宾语 在用于被动结构时 通常变为主语的是间接宾语 sb Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday 3 当 动词 宾语 宾语补足语 结构变为被动语态时 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语 其余不动 Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette 香烟 Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette 4 在使役动词have make get以及感官动词see watch notice hear feel observe等变为被动结构时 要加to Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding 5 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组 如 动词 介词 动词 副词 等 也可以用于被动结构 但要把它们看作一个整体 不能分开 其中的介词或副词也不能省略 ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday 一 系动词taste smell feel sound prove等可用主动形式表达被动意义 如 1这些花闻起来很香 2那听起来很有道理 3那食物尝起来很可口 Theseflowerssmellsweet Thatsoundsveryreasonable Thefoodtastesdelicious 二 某些与can twon t等连用的不及物动词 如move lock shut open等可用主动形式表达被动意义 如 1盒子不能移动 2门不会关 Theboxcan tmove Thedoorwon tshut 三 某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词 如sell write wash clean last 耐久 wear 耐穿 等可用主动形式表达被动意义 如 Thiskindoffoodsellswell 这种食物畅销 Thisclothwasheswellandlastslong 这布料经洗 耐穿 Thefloordoesn tcleaneasily 这地板不容易弄干净 五 形容词worth后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 如 1小说值得一读 2事情值得做 Thenovelisworthreading Thethingisworthdoing 四 在动词require need want等动词之后 可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义 1树需要浇水 2孩子需要照顾 3电视机需要修理 Thetreesneedwatering Childrenwantlookingafter TheTVneedsmending 六 动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系时 如 我有许多事情要做 他有几项任务要完成 Ihavealotofthingstodo Hehasseveraltaskstocomplete 2 在 系动词 形容词 不定式 结构中 常见句型有 n be too adj todo Theplaneistoohightosee 2 n be adj enough todo Thebookischeapenoughformetobuy 3 n be adj todo Thequestionisnoteasytoanswer 课堂练习 一 改写句子1 Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear byusinspringeveryyear 2 Shepostedtheletteryesterday byheryesterday 3 MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner 4 Heisdrawingapicture byhim 5 Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow byyoutomorrow 6 Sheisgoingtowritealetter byher Treesareplanted Theletterwasposted Iwasgiven Apictureisbeingdrawn Yourhomeworkmaybehandedin Aletterisgoingtobewritten 7 Ihavegivenyouthenewbook toyou 8 Herbagcannotbefoundbyher herbag 9 DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs Russiansongsbyyou 10 Shedoesn tlethersonswimintheriver intheriverbyher 11 Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear thebridgeatthistimelastyear 12 Doessheoftensingthesong byher Thenewbookhasbeengiven Shecannotfind Issheoftenheardtosing Hersonisn tlettoswim Theywerebuilding Isthesongoftensung 1 Ifcitynoises fromincreasing people shouttobeheardevenatdinner A arenotkept willhavetoB arenotkept haveC donotkeep willhavetoD donotkeep haveto2 Thefifthgenerationcomputers andperfectednow A developedB havedevelopedC arebeingdevelopedD willhavebeendeveloped3 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff Yes italldependsontheweather A I vebeentoldB I vetoldC I mtoldD Itold A C A 4 Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection A hascompletedB completesC hasbeencompletedD iscompleted5 Rainforests andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture A cutB arecutC arebeingcutD hadbeencut6 Thenewbridge bytheendoflastmonth A hasbeendesignedB hadbeendesignedC wasdesignedD wouldbedesigned7 Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC wasbrokenD hadbeenbroken D C B C 8 Greatchanges inthecity andalotoffactories A havebeentakenplace havebeensetupB havetakenplace havebeensetupC havetakenplace havesetupD weretakenplace weresetup9 Thatsuit over60dollars A hadcostedB costedC iscostedD cost10 Look Everythinghereisunderconstruction What stheprettysmallhousethat for A isbeingbuiltB hasbeenbuiltC isbuiltD isbuilding11 Doyoulikethecloth Yes it verysoft A isfeelingB feltC feelsD isfelt B D A C 12 Itisdifficultforaforeigner Chinese A writeB towriteC tobewrittenD written13 Ihavenomoreletters thankyou A totypeB typingC tobetypedD typed14 Takecare Don tdroptheinkonyourshirt forit easily A won twashoutB won tbewashedoutC isn twashedoutD isn twashingout15 Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto A beputupB giveinC beturnedonD goout B C A D 16 Thecomputersonthetable ProfessorSmith A belongsB arebelongedtoC belongstoD belongto17 Whatdoyouthinkofthebook Oh excellent It sworth asecondtime A toreadB tobereadC readingD beingread18 Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed A catchingB tobecaughtC beingcaughtD tocatch19 Thispageneeded aga