外研社英语九年级上M2知识点整理gu.doc

Module2 Public holidaysUnit1 My family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins. 1.The Peoples Republic of China (简写为PRC) was founded (一般过去式的被动语态) on 1st October, 1949.findfound-found找到foundfounded-founded建立, 创立类似的：lie- lay- lain 躺 (现在分词lying)lie- lied- lied 撒谎lay- laid- laid 下蛋；铺设，摆设(三单 lays 现在分词 laying)1)I lay on the floor with my legs in the air.我躺在地上，双腿抬起。2)Dont believe him. Hes lying.3)My hen lays an egg a day.4)They laid him on the floor. 他们把他放在地上。lay the table 摆放餐具2.People have celebrated the National Day since then. (since then从那以后, 是现在完成时的标志）eg: He went to Beijing in 1999. He has lived there since then. celebrate vt.eg:We held a party to celebrate our success. 我们举行宴会庆祝我们的成功。celebrate with用来庆祝have a celebration n.3. haveoff 休息多少时间eg:Im going to have some time off.I was off duty yesterday. 昨天我不值班。I am on duty tonight. 今晚我值班。4. all kinds of “各种各样的” a kind of一种 kind of 有点eg: Lily is a kind of flower.He is kind of shy.5. take/have a vacation去度假 go to sp. on vacation/holiday=go to sp. for holidays 6. anything special特别的事somewhere nice好玩的地方someone famous名人形容词修饰不定代词，形容词的位置在后面something important to tell you 一些重要的事情告诉你7. have fun “玩得高兴、玩得愉快” =enjoy oneself=have a good/great/wonderful time have fun doing sth.做什么事情很愉快We have great fun swimming in the pool.8. have a three-day holiday 复合名词做定语，用短线连接，名词不用复数 an 11-year-old girl 一个11岁的女孩 an eight-metre-tall tree一棵8米高的树 a 500-page book 一本500页的书9. depend on 依靠，依赖dependent adj. 依靠的，依赖的independent adj. 独立的independence n. 独立Americas Independence Day is on 4th July.10. the start/end of the vacation season the ending of the story/film 的结局11. A. sometime 过去或将来的某个时间 B. some time 一些时间 C. sometimes 有时候 D. some times 几次1)I remember meeting you in my hometown _A/D_ last summer.2)I hope to fly to the moon _A_ next year.3)Shes spent _B_ in the school band.4)_C_ he is late for school.5)He _C_ fought others in his childhood.6)Theyve been to the park _D_.12.watch bands play music watch sb. do /doing sth.观看某人干某事，强调经常性的或整个过程的用do，强调动作正在进行或事情正在发生用doing 类似的动词用法有：see, hear, listen to, notice等13. national flags a national daya public holidayGrammar: 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when当时 while 在期间,与此同时 before在之前 after在之后until 直到为之 till 直到(非正式)as soon as 一就since 自从以来1)as soon as, “一就”, 后面接从句eg. As soon as the class is over, we rush out of the classroom. = We rush out of the classroom as soon as the class is over. Please call me as soon as she gets to the hotel. The girl started to cry as soon as she saw her mother.When he heard the bell, he stood up at once.=As soon as he heard the bell, he stood up.2) 区分as, when和whileas引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 表示两个动作同时发生。 Helen sang a song as she washed. 表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。As she grew older, she became more beautiful. while , “当时;在期间”(指一段时间)强调主句的动作在从句动作发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。while然而，还可以用作对比when 引导的从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。_he came in ,we were dancing.The bus had left _we got to the bus station._they were having a meeting, the telephone rang._the telephone rang, they were having a meeting.Can you get some stamps for me_ you are at the post office?He likes pop music _ I am fond of folk music. 3) until a. 用于肯定句,直到为止, 动词必须是延续性动词.eg. Ill stay here until he comes back. He kept working until 12 oclock.b. not until “直到才”, 主句中的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式 I wont go until I finish the work. 直到我完成工作我才会走. They didnt leave there until 5th May. 他们直到五月五日才离开.Unit2 We have celebrated the festival since the first pioneers arrived in America.1. It is a time for a special dinner among family and friends.Its a time for= Its time for/ to do 区分between和amongbetween表示在两者之间, 常用and连接两个具体的人或物。among一般表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之间，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。e.g. Can you tell the differences between the two pictures? 你能告诉我这两幅画之间的区别吗？ Who sings best among them? 2.People make short speeches and give thanks for their food.make a speech 做演讲give thanks (to sb.) for (doing sth.)表示“对某事/某人做了某事表示感谢”eg：She expressed her thanks to her friends for coming to the party. 她对朋友们来参加聚会表示感谢。Thanks for your support. 谢谢你们的支持。3. We have celebrated the festival since the first pioneers from England arrived in America by ship in the seventeenth century.since 表示“自从”，常与完成时连用。since作介词时, 其后常接表示某一时间点的单词或短语；作连词时, 引导时间状语从句, 其主句通常用现在完成时态, 从句用一般过去时态。当主句中含有静态意义的动词, 特别是含有be动词时, 常使用一般现在时态, 既可使用句型“It is + 时间段 + since + 从句”, 也可以使用“It has been + 时间段 + since + 从句”来表达。4. While they were crossing the Atlantic, many people died, and after they landed, their first winter was worse than any English winter.after在句中引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。e.g. After we had finished the work, we went home.5. teach sb. sth.= teach sth. to sb.teach sb. how to do sth.6.grow corn/cotton/rice种植玉米、棉花、水稻plant trees/ flowers7.The following year they celebrated together by eating a dinner of the new food. We still celebrate Thanksgiving today with a traditional dinner. celebrate by doing sth. celebrate with sth.following adj. 接着的; 接下来的by eating a dinner of the new food在句中作方式状语, 表示“以聚餐品尝新食物的方式(来庆祝)”。by doing sth.常用来表示“以某种行为方式”。e.g. The little girl earns her living by selling newspapers. 小女孩靠卖报纸为生。8.wash dishes9. a busy time for travel 一个旅游的旺季10.plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词11.shop for sth.= buy sth.12.Football is also important at Thanksgiving, with many teams playing games.with+名词+doing, 介词短语做伴随状语at Thanksgiving on Thanksgiving Dayat Christmason Christmas Dayduring the Christmas season13.crowded adj.拥挤的 the most crowdedcrowd n. 人群,一堆 v.挤满1)I saw a crowd of magazines and paper on the desk.2)You can do whatever you want, but never follow the crowd.3)The bus was crowded with passengers.4)There were crowds of people waiting to get in.5)People crowded round to get a better view. Unit3 Language in use1. Its better to do sth. Youd better do sth.2. make a wish for the New Year3. in different ways 用不同的方法4. count down the days5. civil rights leader民权运动领袖6. apart from除之外表示“除了以外”的介词 besides, except, except for, but, apart from 等。 1) besides 表示“除 以外，（还，也）”，相当于 in addition to. eg: Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry 注意: 不要将besides和beside 混淆。beside是“在旁边”的意思。 2) except 表示“除外，（其余都）”，常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。 except 是英语中少数用法最为活跃的介词之一, 其后除了可跟名（代）词外， 还可跟另一介词短语、动词不定式短语或 that 引导的从句 。eg: He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。 I went nowhere except to the library. 除了图书馆以