英语单项知识的讲解与练习(118).doc

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（118）586. donate 的用法donate v. 捐赠，赠送例句：She donated a large sum of money to the charity. 她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。The van was donated to us by a local firm. 这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。I candonateone hundred dollars at best. 我充其量只能捐助100美元。Wedonateto the school endowment fund every year.我们每年向学校的捐赠基金捐款。The government calls on the youth todonatetheir blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。短语：donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物; make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐赠给某人; send a donation to 把捐款寄至; promise a donation 应允捐赠; donate money捐款；用法：donate多指向慈善团体捐赠物品、钱等。常与介词to连用。练习：(1). 完成句子：He _ (捐赠)a million to the school. The rest of the money we get is _ (来自捐赠).(2). 单项填空：Many people have donated that type of blood;however,the blood bank needs_ . A.some B.less C.much D.more Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to_ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A.sponsor B.launch C.organize D.planAbout 30 percent to 40 percent of nonemergency surgery in these countries_delayed because less than 2 percent of the people_ blood. A.is;donates B.are;donates C.are; donate D.is;donate The adults have to work harder than ever to provide for the needs of the children, who cannot_ to the economy until they are older. A. appeal B. contributeC. donateD. correspondHalf a month later, he found his lost motorcycle_in the woods off the highway. A. abandonedB. rented C. donatedD. refused587. doom 的用法doom vt. 注定；判决; n. 厄运；毁灭例句：The voyage was doomed from the start. 这次航行从一开始就注定要失败。 Any attempts to bring under the mass movement for civil rights are doomed to failure. 任何镇压民权群众运动的企图都是注定要失败的。Everyone isdoomedto die.每个人都是注定要死的。The prisoner wasdoomedto death.那名囚犯被判死刑。The dictator met hisdoomafter ten years of rule.独裁者统治了十年终於完蛋了。短语：be doomed to 注定(后接名词或不定式); go to ones doom 走向死亡; fall to ones doom 坠入死亡/灭亡; meet ones doom 死亡；灭亡; ones doom is sealed 某人在劫难逃; send sb. to his doom 将某人处死; doom to注定；go to ones doom走向死亡；meet ones doom面临死亡；用法：doom的基本意思是“命中注定”,指势必要遭受无情的力量所强加的、无法逃避的惩罚; 也可指司法机关对行为不当或犯有错误的人的“判决”。doom只用作及物动词,通常接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。doom的过去分词doomed可用如形容词,在句中作表语,表示“命中注定的”。练习：The project _ to failure from the start. A.dooming B. was doomed C. doomed D.dooms All mortals are doomed _. A. die B.to death C. to die D.to dead I am doomed to make way _ Fanny Glover. A.for B. to C. from D. Away from The species was doomed _. A.to extinct B.extinct C.to extinction D. extinction 588. double的用法double双、两个、两倍的（U）、双的、双打（C）。例句：The date had adoublesignificance.那个日子有双重意义。The egg has adoubleyolk.这只蛋双黄。I think we candoubleour profits in one month.我认为我们可以在一个月内把利润翻一番。The modern equipment enables them todoubletheir production.现代化的设备使他们能把产量翻倍。I ordered the coffee indoublebefore you come.你来之前我点了双份咖啡。短语：at double the speed 以加倍速度；4 is the double of 2 四是二的两倍；a double bed 双人床；be double my age年龄大我一倍；double ones weight体重增加一倍；double as兼作,兼演；double as an auditorium兼作礼堂；double as secretary and receptionist兼作秘书和招待员；double for代替(某人)；double in brass同时做两份工作；double in number在数量上翻一番；double in value在价值上翻一番；double onupon迂回,突然袭击；double on ones steps走回头路；double upon the enemy突然袭击敌人；用法：double用作形容词的基本意思是“双的”,其所修饰的名词一般为单数。double常用来表示倍数,后面可接名词、数词、代词,在double与被修饰的名词之间有时还可用定冠词the或物主代词。double作名词的基本意思是“两倍,双份”,引申可作“极相似的(人)”“替身演员”“赛马中的复式下注”解; 也可指网球等的“双打”,此时一般用复数形式; 还可指在同类比赛中“两次获奖”,此时一般用单数形式,且其前有定冠词。double可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,常与as, for等介词连用,还常与back, up等副词连用。double作“是的两倍”“兼任”解时,如果所接的宾语是可数名词,要用复数形式; 作“折叠”解时,即使宾语是可数名词,但也要用单数形式,因为折叠起来后仍然是一个。练习：His income is _ it was 5 years ago. A. double that B. double what C. double than D. double You will have _ trouble _ the problem if you dont follow my advice. A. twice; settling B. double; settling C. twice; to settle D. double; to settle The production is now _ what it _ ten years ago. A. twice, was B. doubled, was C. double, was D. doubled, isThe car was running _ speed on the road. A. at double the B. at the double C. double at the D. the double at589. from的用法from出自；来自；从( . 起)例句：He descendedfroma good family.他出自名门。Fromwhat author does this quotation come? 这一引文出自哪位作者?My answer seemed to comefromthe subconscious.我的回答似乎出自下意识。I had a phone callfromMary.我接到了玛丽的电话。We are all here, but we comefromafar.虽然我们此时在这儿，但我们来自远方。短语：not a hundredmillion miles from离不远,离不久；from beginning to end从头到尾；from day to day一天又一天；far from远离,远远不,完全不,非但不；far from it远非如此；away from the market(在证券交易中)不照市价；awayoff from the point离题的地；from above从上面,从上级,从天上；from afarhigh从远高处；from now on从现在起；from nowhere从不知名的状态,从默默无闻之中,从不知道的地方；from out to out从一端到另一端；用法：from表示一段时间或距离的开头或起点。如：From the moment he saw her, he loved her. from与to或till连用，表示由时间、地点的一点直到另一点。如：We have been working from morning to night. from与to连用，表示数目。如：Estimates of the number of injured range from 100 to 200. from与to连用，表示从某一天到某一天等，通常包括作为起点或终点的日子。如：from Sunday to Friday; from常后接副词或介词短语。如：from above, from before the war; 表示原因或动机。如：She suffered from heart disease. 表示差异。如：Hes different from his brother in character. 表示原料，强调原料形状或性质发生了变化。如：Steel is made from iron.练习：The bridge was named _ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. A. after B. with C. byD. from The price of beer _ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season. A. altered B. ranged C. separated D. differedThe homeless _ from the flooded town were helped by the Red Cross. A. scouts B. saints C. beggars D. refugees Jacks shirt was burned by _ from the fire. A. spots B. spills C. sparks D. sprays The whole idea _ from a casual remark. A. evolved B. involved C. generated D. adapted590. frost 的用法frost n.霜, 霜冻, 严寒；v.结霜；例句：The windscreen was covered withfrost.挡风玻璃上结了霜。Sweet potatoes decayed after thefrost.霜下了之后,地瓜烂掉了。The cold hasfrostedthe windows.寒冷的天气使窗子上结满了霜。Young plants are often killed byfrost.植物的幼苗常因严寒而冻死。短语：hard/ sharp frost酷寒；have a frost in ones manner态度冷冰冰；a dead frost彻底的失败；frost over结了霜；frost over the trees使树木结了一层霜；frost up结了霜；frost up the windows使窗户结了一层冰；frost with用覆盖；frost a cake with milk在蛋糕上沾点奶油；heavy fros