萨克斯管的制造材料与音色的关系.doc

/ / / /萨克斯管的制造材料与音色的关系The saxophone manufacturing materials and tone of the relationship 选择哨片时要从以下几个方面动手：Choose whistle for a little while to start work from the following several aspects: 看哨片颜色：察看哨片是不是金黄色或浅黄色，假如是就阐明芦苇生长良好，合适做哨片，假如颜色是浅绿色或浅棕色，就阐明芦苇已老化或蜕变，这种芦苇是不合适做哨片的。See reed color: see reed is golden yellow or pale yellow, if be clarified reeds grow well, suitable for reed, if the color is light green or light brown, clarify reed has aging or metamorphosis, the reed is not appropriate for reed. 看哨片做工：察看哨片做工能否精密，哨面能否平均，哨边的厚薄能否分歧，哨板能否平直，如弯曲，就应放弃。See reed work: can see reed work precision, whistle could face an average, whistle edge thickness can be divided, whistle plate can be straight, such as bending, should give up. 哨片的切割部位要在中心，其边斜度要很平均，中间部位稍厚，阴影交融在倒“U”字型的亮区中。Reed cutting parts should be in center, the side slope is very average, in the middle part is a bit thick, blending shadow in the light area of the inverted U type. 哨片的拱弧不要过高或过低。高拱弧或者低拱弧都标明芦苇主茎的尺寸太大或者太小，不能算圆满的哨片。Reed arch arc not too high or too low. High arch arc or lower arch arc indicated reed main stem of the size is too big or too small, cant work satisfactorily reed. 察看哨片的水文：看水文能否从哨肩贯串到哨片顶端，水文散布能否平均。Can see reed hydrology: see hydrology from shoulder to permeate to the top of the reed, hydrology can spread on average. 用拇指指甲轻按哨片的哨干，如在哨片上留下细微的痕迹，就阐明芦苇不老也不青，如留下深痕迹，阐明芦苇还没有长成，如没留下任何痕迹，阐明芦苇曾经老化。Gently with the thumb nails according to the reed whistle, such as traces of subtle on reed, clarify reed not old nor green, such as the left deep traces, clarify reeds still not grown up, as left no trace, clarify once aging of reeds. 此外关于演奏着来说，选择哨片还能够采用一种简单的测试办法，即：辨认“成弧”。Moreover about playing for, select the reed can also use a simple test method, i.e., identify the arc. 将哨片底部放入约一厘米的水中浸泡，过几分钟假如是加工适度的芦苇，在哨干下面点会构成一条暗色的条纹，呈深橘红色。如条纹是绿色或黄色，或者基本没有显现条纹，就阐明芦苇还不适于修整，在重新运用前应放置一年或者更长的时间。但是不要把它们随便扔掉，由于经过恰当寄存或调整后，它们或许会成为演奏者手中的宝贝。Put at the bottom of the reed in a about a centimeter of soaking in water, in a few minutes if the processing is a moderate amount of reed, the whistle do the following points will constitute a dark stripes, dark orange. Such as stripe is green or yellow, or basic shows no stripes, clarify reed is not suitable for dressing, should be placed in front of the back a year or longer. But dont literally throw away them, due to properly register or adjusted, they may become a player in the hands of the baby. 萨克斯管制造管体所运用的资料关于萨克斯的音色影响十分的明显。不同密度的金属，震动的频率产生的音色是完整不同的，萨克斯管制造主要运用黄铜，合金铜，磷铜，银合金及含有金的合金铜。Saxophone manufacturing pipe body by use of data about saks timbre effect is very obvious. Different density of the metal, the frequency of the vibrations produced by the voice quality is complete different, the saxophone manufacturing mainly use brass, alloy, copper, phosphor bronze, silver and copper alloy containing gold. 黄铜，在低端乐器中运用较多。其特性是容易发音，材质较软音色不厚重，演奏者音色易于发飘。Brass, mainly used in the low end of the instrument. Its characteristic is easy to pronounce, material softer tone is not thick, performer timbre FaPiao easily. 合金铜，是制造萨克斯最常用的资料，主要成分是铜、银、钪等的合金，是制造萨克斯最原始的资料，阿道夫制造的第一只萨克斯就是用这种资料制造的，合金铜具有很好的金属可塑性，延展性。其金属硬度适中，容易与声音产生共振玻纤土工格栅，并且在振动的同时又不失金属的刚性，因而合金铜制造的萨克斯吹奏出的音色具有铜管乐器所具有的亮堂音色，并且它的强弱比照也很明显，音色变化丰厚。但是合金铜制造的萨克斯在运用当中也有不如人意的中央，它对温度的变化特别敏感，热胀冷缩的金属性能决议了运用铜合金制造的萨克斯管在四周环境温度较低的状况下演奏会呈现音程不准木工胶，音色暗淡，音程变化不够稳定的特性。但在管体温度均衡之后这些状况就能消弭或者改善很多。很多乐器厂家会依据合金铜里所含不同金属的比例不同来制造易于发音，独具音色魅力的乐器以顺应不同演奏者的请求。Copper alloy, is the most commonly used materials, manufacture, main component is an alloy of copper, silver, scandium, etc, is the most raw materials, manufacturing, adolf manufactured the first saxophone is made of this material, alloy copper has good plasticity and ductility. The metal hardness is moderate, easy to produce resonance with sound, and at the same time of vibration and the rigidity of metal and alloy copper manufacturing saxophone playing out of tone with the brass have bright timbre, and it mutatis mutandis obviously, also on the strength of the sound. But made of copper alloy saks in use are not satisfied, in the middle of the it particularly sensitive to changes in temperature, metal properties of heat bilges cold shrink resolution on the use of copper alloy saxophone in under the condition of low environmental temperature around the concert presented interval, grey tone, and interval change characteristics of the unstable. But these conditions after the tube body temperature equilibrium can eliminate or improve a lot. Many Musical Instruments manufacturer will according to the different proportion of different metals in copper alloy to make easy to pronounce, provides instrument timbre glamour to comply with the request of different players. 磷铜关于气体的反弹较大、易于发音，音色亮堂具有穿透力透，这类型的管乐器是完整靠气息在管体内撞击产生共振的，管体不参与共振，它们的特性音色辉煌细腻反响特快、力度控制范围很大，缺陷音准不是十分好大型玩具。Phosphor copper rally about gas is bigger, easy to pronounce, the timbre bright penetrating through. This type of pipe is complete by breath inside the tube the impacts of resonance, the tube body is not involved in resonance, their features sound brilliant fine response to express and dynamics control range is very big, intonation is not very good. 银，在一切金属中，银所独具有的延展性、导电性和传热性是比拟高的。银还有很好的自然光线反射性能，并具有比铜更灵敏的金属可塑性。由于银分子相对活泼的特性，其共振性比铜更好，管体产生的共振越积极乐器的音色就会越饱满，因而银合金制造的萨克斯管吹奏出来的音色具有宽广的、富有深度的、稳定的音效，声音亮堂具有共鸣，平面感也是最强的太阳能热水工程。但其缺陷是易于氧化，变黑，颐养比拟费事。In all s