上海世博会简介(中英文版).doc

2010年上海世博会，机遇和挑战并存The Expo in Shanghai, Opportunities and Challenges世界博览会是全球最高级别的博览会，是世界各国展示其社会、经济、文化、科技成就和发展前景的盛会，被誉为“经济、科技、文化领域的奥林匹克”。2010年世博会将在上海举行，这次世博会将成为强盛的中国向世界展示经济和技术实力的历史性契机。这将对上海及周边地区的经济、社会、环境和制度等方面产生广泛而深远的影响。一个国家举办世博会其目的从来就不是仅仅为了世博会本身的盈利，世博会本身被赋予了更大的经济内涵。从1993年韩国大田世博会和2000年德国汉诺威世博会的经验来看，世博会往往具有提振经济、带动股市繁荣的作用。世博会对于新技术开发、应用和推广起到重要的示范和引领作用，对促进举办城市和国家的经济发展具有深远意义。具体来说，世博会本身构成会展经济，并由此带动一系列产业链的发展。从前期的基础设施投资，到会展期间将引导巨大的物流、人流、资金流进入上海，为经济增长和服务业发展带来强大推动力量。World Exposition is regards as the worlds highest level of exposition, on which the countries exhibit their social, economic, cultural, scientific and technological achievements. It is also known as the Olympics in the economic, technological and cultural fields .Expo 2010 will be held in Shanghai, this will become a historic opportunity for a powerful China by showing the world economic and technological strengths. This will bring forth profound influence on economic, social, environmental and institutional aspects in Shanghai and surrounding areas. A host country never aims to the profitability of the Expo itself, but to the great economic content the Expo has been given. Experiences of the Expo 1993 in Daejeon and Expo 2000 in Hanover showed that the World Exposition could boost the economy and stimulate the stock market. World Exposition plays an important and leading role in development, application and promotion of new technology .whats more, it also has far-reaching significance in promoting economic development of the host city and its country. Specifically, the Expo itself belongs to exhibition economy and thus promotes the development of a series of industrial chain. During the exposition, It will bring powerful driving force for economic growth and development of service industry by investing in infrastructure, drawing a huge amount of materials, people and capital flow into Shanghai. 经济增量效应。2010年以“城市让生活更美好”为主题的上海世博会，是第一次以城市为主题的世博会，将给上海带来巨大商机和财富，世博会约需30亿美元投资，旅游业直接收入将达911亿元人民币，由此带动的上海交通、通信等城市基础设施、商业设施、旧区改造等延伸领域投资，将是直接投资的5至10倍。据保守估计。单是世博会门票、餐饮、旅游纪念品给上海带来的直接收人，就将超过90亿元人民币，经济效益将比2002年的韩日世界杯高出1 5倍。Effect of incremental economy With Better City, Better Life as the theme, the Shanghai Expo will create enormous opportunities as well as wealth for Shanghai. And it is also the first Expo focused on “city”. The total investment will be about 3 billion U.S dollars, and direct revenue of tourism will achieve 91.1 billion Yuan. That will drive an indirect investment which amounts 5 to 10 times to the direct investment. The indirect investment may be occurred in the fields of urban infrastructure such as transportation, communication, commercial facilities, urban transformation and other extension of the fields. At a conservative estimate, the direct income of tickets, catering, travel souvenirs of Expo may reach more than nine billion Yuan while the economic returns may be 15 times higher than the Korea-Japan World Cup in 2002.提升效应。自英国伦敦在1851年举办首届世博会以来，国际大都市一直都热衷于举办各种博览会乃至世博会。美国纽约举办过6次世博会，法国巴黎举办过6次，日本举办过4次，德国汉诺威就是因会展而闻名的城市，每年举办大约60个博览会。无疑，上海举办2010年世博会，可以极大地提高国际化城市地位，有助于增进国际问、地区间的交流合作，提高市民的科学文化素质，丰富市民生活，提升上海的城市知名度和整体形象。Effect of enhancement Since the first London Expo in 1851, the international metropolis has always been keen to host all kinds of expositions and even the World Expo. The World Expos were held six times in New York, six times in Paris, and four times in Japan. Hanover is renowned for exhibitions, as it runs about 60 expositions each year. There is no doubt that the World Expo 2010 can greatly enhance the status of Shanghai, help to strengthen international and regional cooperation, improve the citizens scientific and cultural qualities, enrich peoples lives and enhance Shanghais popularity and overall image.带动效应。2010年上海世博会可推动上海实现社会可持续发展的规划和建设，进一步改善城市生态系统，加快基础设施的建设，还可将经济发展重心转向文化、教育、媒体等精神产品，推动上海早日进入以人为本的发展阶段，大大促进当地产业结构的调整，实现产业升级，促进第三产业和高新技术产业的发展。此外，2010年上海世博会需要高水平的融资、商业、旅游、管理以及法律等专业服务，将带来上海整个城市及周边城市功能的全方位飞跃，从而使全世界都能深刻地感受到上海更加强劲的脉动。the World Expo in Shanghai can promote the planning and construction of sustainable development with further improving the urban ecosystem and speeding up construction of infrastructure facilities. It also will push Shanghai forward the developmental stage of taking people as the foremost by concentrating on the spiritual products of culture and education. The Shanghai Expo can contribute significantly to the adjustment of local industrial structure which promoting the developments of the tertiary industries and new and high technology industries. Furthermore, because of the Shanghai Expo, the first-class service of finance, commerce, tourism, management will be strongly needed. This could make a leap of the functions of the entire city and surrounding cities. Thus all over the world will feel the great change of Shanghai.就业增量效应。以会展业发达的德国汉诺威为例，在汉诺威市第三产业中，世博会及相关会展业就业人数占到23以上。上海世博会每1000平方米的展厅面积，可创造100个就业机会，无疑为上海提供了良好的运行机制。中国加入世贸组织步伐的加快，将使上海的国际贸易、海外投资更上一层楼，作为促进贸易、启动市场的杠杆，2010年上海世博会的举办必定会获得更广阔的就业发展空间。Take Hannover, Germany for example, many people there work for the tertiary industry. However, more than 2/3 of these jobs have relations with the Expo and exhibition industry. During the Shanghai Expo, every 1000 square meters of halls can create 100 jobs, which will provide good mechanisms for Shanghai. It will also stimulate the international trade and foreign investment in Shanghai. After all, holding Shanghai Expo in 2010 will gain numerous room for the growth of employment.消费增量效应。香港每年的会展人均消费额24826港元，为度假消费的3倍；新加坡一般游客只逗留37天，消费710新元，会议客人则逗留77天，消费达1700新元。在20lO年世博会场馆内外游客将需要大量的各种消费品和食品，世博会及相关产品的消费成为上海旅游业的拳头产品之一。Per capita consumption of exhibition industry in Hong Kong is 24826 HK dollars every year, which is 3 times as much as holiday spending. General tourists stay in Singapore for about 3.7 days while conferencs guests for 7.7 days. The former spend 710 Singapore dollars and the latter spend 1700 Singapore dollars. In 2010, the foreign guests will need a variety of consumption goods in the Expo venues. Therefore, the consumption of Expo and related products will become the core products of tourism in Shanghai.扩张效应。上海约30亿美元投资将直接投入世博会园区建设中，江浙沪因上海“世博圈”效应将共同受益，并带动上长三角地区的十几个城市如：杭州、苏州、无锡、常州等电子业、制造业、房产业等行业的迅速发展。上海将采取“分散接待”方式接待游客，与上海为邻的苏、锡、常等城市，将借“大上海旅游”的宏观主题，凭借交通优势接受上海辐射，长三角地区物流、商贸等领域的合作也将加强，世博会提供了共赢的机会。During these years, Shanghai spent about 3 billion US dollars on the construction of Expo parks. Hence, the surrounding areas like Jiangsu, Zhejiang will benefit from the “Expo circle effect”. Whats more, this will lead to quick development of electronics, manufacturing, and real estate industries in the cities of Yangtze River delta region. For example, cities like Hangzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. Because of the transportation advantage, these cities will also receive guests who want to visit shanghai. In conclusion, the cooperation between cities of Yangtze River delta region will be strengthened and the Expo provides win-win opportunities.从理论上来说，上海世博会的举办不仅可以提升举办城市上海的整体价值，而且可以通过其集聚和辐射效应，以点带面拉动长三角城市圈和华东地区的经济发展。但另一方面，纵观世博会的历史我们发现，作为一项耗资巨大的工程，世博会也同时会给主办国和主办城市带来一定的风险。这个风险主要包括世博会本身的经营风险，例如可能会出现财务亏损；还包括世博会的举办可能无法产生主办方所预期的正外部效应，如对区域经济一体化的促进作用以及产业结构调整作用。因此