独立主格结构.doc

独立主格结构1名词/代名词 + 现在分词： 表主动Weather permitting, we shall go out for a picnic. 2名词/代名词 + 过去分词： 表被动Things done, they went home happily.3名词/代名词 + 动词不定式： 表将来I decided to buy a car, my wife to pay half the money. 4名词/代名词 + 名词 There were 100 participants in the competition, the oldest a man of 90.5名词/代名词 +形容词： 表主动进行The old man sat in the sofa, his face pale with anger. 6名词/代名词 + 副词 Summer holidays over, the students all returned to the school. 7名词/代名词 + 介词短语The teacher stood at the door, book in hand. 8。 There being 其他成分There being no cause for alarm, she went back to her room.独立主格结构的功能：1 表时间，= when/ after引导的时间状语从句The moon having risen, they took a walk in the fields.2 表示原因, 相当 because 引导的状语从句So many students absent from the class, we decided to put off the activity. = Because so many students were absent from the class. 3 表示条件，相当 if 引导的条件状语从句All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.= If all things are considered.4 表示伴随状态， 或说明一情况， 可以用with改写She sat quietly at the table, her eyes full of tears.= with her eyes full of tears. 5 表示方式， 可用并列句改写He lay on the soft grass, his hands crossed under his head. 1. _ no bus, we had to walk home.A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D.There were2. _, Ill go there with you tomorrow afternoon.A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Times permitting3._, we all went home happily.A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said4. _, we all went swimming in high spirits.A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather5. _, the bus started at once.A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C. The signal given D. When the signal given6. She stood there, _ from her cheeks.A. tears rolling down B. tears rolled down C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down 7. _, the leaves are turning green.A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming onC. Spring came on D. Spring being come on 8. _, I had to buy a new one.A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost 9. I used to sleep with the window _.A. opened B. open C. opening D to open 10. _, the hunter went into the forest.A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulderC. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder 11. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.A. As B. For C. With D. Through 12. With a lot of work _, I have to sit up tonight.A. do B. doing C. done D. to do13. He stood there silently, his lips_.A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling14. _, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.A. All things considering B. All things considered C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered 15. _, we will surely succeed.A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping 1