牛津译林版 8A Unit4重要知识点.doc

8A Unit4 知识点解析与练习1. What should we do? = I dont know what we should do. (从句陈述句语序)= I dont know what to do. (特殊疑问词+to do)类似结构：如何做 _ 做什么 _ 什么时候离开 _ 去哪儿 _2. Here are clear instructions. (1)(全倒装：Here+谓语+主语) Here he is. (半倒装：Here+主语+谓语) 倒装句：动词单复看主语 没有现在进行时。Look! Here _ (come) the bus!(2) clear adj. 清楚的；明确的 (比较级: clearer) adv. 清楚地; 明确地_ (比较级: _)Eg. This picture looks much _ than the last one. Can you see it _ than before?（3）instruction 指示，说明 可数 an instruction some instructions 明确的指示_区分：tips for (doing) sth (做)某事的提示3. No problem! 用于回答感谢；用于回答道歉；表示同意或愉快地回答请求；表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题，不在话下” have problems with sth / (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难Eg. I have problems _ English. I have problems _ (learn) English.4. It says/reads, “Do it yourself.” 写着 看书/报 read books/newspapers It is said that+从句 据说 It is reported that+从句 据报道5 tools 工具: 可数: 刷子brush(es) 绳子rope(s) 不可数: 胶水glue 胶带tape复数名词 剪刀scissors A pair of scissors _ cheap. When we use scissors, we should be careful with _.6 . exact adj.确切的 adv. 确切地; 精确地_Eg. Can you tell me the _ number of the visitors.Can you tell me _ the number of the visitors?7. stand for代表/象征/意味 stand-stood stand的词组： 站立，经得起，抵抗_ 代替，顶_ 突出，出色_ 支持，袖手旁观，做好准备_往后退，置身事外_ 无法忍受_8 repair vt. “修补”，同义词有mend，fix。repair, fix, mend三个词都含有“修理、修补”的意思，有时可以通用，但也有些区别。1）repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。2）mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针、线来缝补），一般指较小之物。3）fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构.把松散的部件固定结 实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。修路/房_； 缝补袜子_；修理机器_关于fix的短语 确定；固定；使集中于_； 修理；解决改进；商妥_注意；凝视_； 确定日期，约期_9. decorate v.装修 n _ 以.来装饰_ 装饰屋子_ 用他最喜欢的歌手照片装饰房间_10. 人pay sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事 pay-paid 人pay (钱) for sth 付(多少)钱买某物11. be crazy about sb./sth./doing sth. 对着迷 crazy-crazier- the craziest 相关词组 渴望，迷恋上_ 使某人发狂_12. 结束某事_13. terrible adj. 可怕的 adv. 可怕地；非常，极度地_ Eg. be_ ill/hurt Im _ sorry for being late.That sounds/looks _18. 努力/试图/设法做某事_ 尽量不要做某事_19. put in sth. 安装（门，窗，灯, 淋浴器.）put -putting put - put（过去式） 张贴,悬挂,举起,搭建_ 扑灭_ 穿上；戴上_ 收起来，整理好_ 推迟_Eg. 在他安装了一盏更亮的灯之后，他的整座房子停电了。His whole house _ after he _.20 “犯错误；弄错” _，还可表示为_。 类似的短语： 发出噪音_ 扮鬼脸_21 某人的整个房子_22. 断电_23. 敲裂水管_ 24. but he hit a pipe and filled my room with water.(1) 人 fill A with B. 人用B充满A = A be filled with B by sb. (2) 物 be full of. = 物 be filled with. 充满; 满是 Eg. The garden is full of flowers in spring. = The garden_ flowers in spring.He filled the glass with water. = The glass _water by him.25. 主语think/find+(that) +句子= 主语think/find+sb/sth+adj. think - thought（过去式）Eg. (1) I thought the sports meeting exciting. = I thought the sports meeting _.(2) I found he was clever. = I found _ _.26. paint : (1) n. 不可数 涂料 (2) v. paint sth. +颜色: 把刷成色 paint-paintingEg. Stop _ (paint) the wall, because there _ (be) paint on everything.colour : (1) n. 可数 颜色，色彩 fruit of different colors adj. _ (2) v. color sth. +颜色: 把涂/画成色27. stop doing sth 停止(正在)做某事 stop to do sth 停止去做另外一件事Eg. I am so tired. I must stop_(have) a rest. You look tired. Why not stop _ (work)28. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. not only. but (also). 不但而且 (谓语动词就近原则。) Both.and. (谓语动词复数)Eg. Both you and I are going home. = _ you _ I _ going home. Not only Jane but also her parents_ (be) coming. Not only the students but also their teacher _ (like) this film very much.30. above 在斜上方:. below 在斜下方: over 在正上方: under在正下方: on 在上面 (表面接触) Eg. The air condition(空调) is _ my bed。 He lives _ me.The bridge is _ the river. The river is _ the bridge.: My book is _ the table.31. 架子的一端比另一端高得多。One _ the she lf is much higher than _.much higher 意为“高得多”。副词much+形容词比较级体现比较的程度。 形容词比较级前常用一些名词、数词、副词(如a bit, a little, much, far, a lot, lots, still, even等)来修饰. Eg. Millie is far _ (active) than the other students.She always answers teachers questions in class. Millie is _ (active) than the others. She never answers teachers questions.32. buy/make/build/cook/get sth. for sb.= buy/ make/build/cook/get sb. sth. (直宾代词放中间)give /offer /show /lend /pass /send /bring sb. sth. = give/. /bring sth. to sb.33. advise v. 建议 n. 建议_ 建议做某事_; 建议某人做某事_建议某人别做某事_ Eg. He gave some advice to me. I think _ (A. it B. them) very useful.34. 上关于的课程_ attend 出席，参加 attend是正式用语，指参加会议，娇礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。参加会议_； 上学_； 上课_照料；侍候_； 听讲座；上课_；上大学_35. make: 使. (1) make sb do sth (2) make sb./sth.+ adj. 制作 (1) make sb sth = make sth for sb (2) make sth from . 用.做某物Eg. I decided to make her a birthday card. = I decided to _ a birthday card _ her.36 . angry adj. 生气的 adv. _ 比较级：_对某人生气_ Eg. He looks /gets _ and looks at me _.37 instead adv. 反而，却 ，位于句首(逗号隔开)，或句末 instead of 而不是；代替 后接名词、动名词等Eg. I wont play the piano this afternoon. Instead, I will play basketball.= I will play basketball _ the piano this afternoon.38. 做某事失败; 没能做某事_39. 擅长_ 更擅长某事_ 最擅长_= _40. 祈使句构成：Please在句首不加逗号，在句末时前面加逗号。(1) Do型(以实义动词开头) (肯)Please open the window. (否) Dont paint the cat, please.(2) Be型(以be动词开头) (肯) Be polite! (否) Dont be late.(3) Let型 (肯) Let sb do sth (否) Dont let sb do sth. / Let sb not do sth.与if条件句转换：If you try your best, you wont lose the match. = _ your best, _ you will win the match.41. 主语+ should (not) do sth .应该（不要）做某事主语+ had better (not) do sth .最好（不要）做某事Eg. (1) Youd better not be impatient. = You _.(2) 你最好不要没有上DIY课就开始做DIY的工作。You had better _ DIY jobs without _ DIY.42. 放弃做某事_ 坚持做某事_43. cut out剪出 cut- cut cut-cutting 砍伐_ Eg. 剪出一副彩色气球图 _ a picture of _.动副结构：cut it out put it up put it in give it up tidy it up (收拾好) o.把.切成. Eg. 把一些较大块水果切成小块cut some of _ into _44 . do.with sth. = use sth to do.Eg. Add some salad cream with a spoon. = _ a spoon _ add some salad cream. add 增加，加入 add A to B 把A增加到B中mix 混合 mix A with B = mix A and B together 把A和B混合45 sentence 句子 可数 用.造句_46 在碗里/盘子里放些紫葡萄put some _ in a bowl/ on a plate 47 当季_51. cream 不可数 奶油 一些沙拉酱_ sauce 不可数 酱汁 一些番茄酱_在面包上放些火腿和蔬菜_52. 尽量让你的水果沙拉看起来和尝起来一样好。Try _ your fruit salad _ it tastes.53. for example 例如(+一个例子) such as 例如(+多个例子)54 prepare to do sth 准备做某事 prepare for sth. = get ready for sth 为某事做准备prepare . for sth = get . ready for sth 为某事准备.Eg. Get some water ready for the trip. = _ some water _ the trip55. 变成褐色 (系动词+表语) _ 类似： 变质_56. leave sth in the air for some time把某物放置在空气中一段时间do sth +for+段时间 做某事持续多长时间 sometimes 有时，不时，副词辨析：sometimes/some times/sometime/some time sometimes有时，不时作副词，表示动作发生的频率，常用于一般现在时some times几次time是可数名词，意为“数次”sometime在某一时候作副词，表示过去或将来一个不确切的时间some time 一段时间其中time为不可数名词，意为“时间”【助记】 分开（some time)是一段（时间）；相连（sometime)为某时； 分开s(some times)是倍，次；相连s(sometimes)是有时。_ an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all.So you have to be careful. A Sometime B.Sometimes C.Some time D.Some times 57. 挑一片面包_ 58. 形容词的否定前缀：certainkindactivecomfortableluckycorrectimportantpleasantpatientinterestingtidypossiblefairusualcompletefriendlyhonestdirecthappylikepolitehealthyappearproper59 . Im certain/sure +that 从句 我确信，确定.区分：Make sure +that从句 确保务必. make sure 后接of/about/动词不定式/that从句在口语中：Sure. = Certainly. = Of course. 当然Sure的相关词组 确实；毫无疑问地_ ； 果然，果真_； 不太