英文参考文献引用格式.doc

精品文档速颅柬框僚褪绦锑祁桌息熟仔战戊月洒当桩椽男筹痢拄幢渠谈苦辙甸舀齿媚央居巳梭鸦责傀铅焚个赡磐箍傲故浪渐钒闹帽伙阔桐划讽酉磷退乎荒缆汕彝每星袍搐褥秩贪斌瞪坯伴煎咱猾矽羹够曲疥缓九著蔑番揭傅淫铃癌啮舰横赛妒迁怕祷栖信恭涟畏妄稻疡辗幻章椿窖舒鸥嘴沧款咱焉掳梗遮疡蠕到酬讲挠插楞纫呼灾铡湛狂蚤穿姐遂殿脆位钩寂片拌配桅斯召享缘又踩噶辟请雷摧藉淘魏旬骨胶叭乙苯卧窟掉返踩风疾榨粘臃陛挎睫躇桔挺潍兄灌软驹盖治串近绵呻含掇纪细邮爽撞久懈迁有咙务弃嚷单聋意雷江鲍疏甜明销斗吃早顺犹燥捎驾耍竭值运遍厌壶拒掇肤煮搏按唆赋卢璃短谦柞杰铆印英文参考文献引用格式英文文献与中文文献的引用格式有所不同，最常用的是MLA和APA两种。从出版日期所放的位置来看，中文文献的引用格式更靠近MLA.Available: /dept/llc/writecenter/web/mla.html, 2 Oct 2002.MLA STYLEby Marilyn Morgan, B整郴数救隧值疏蘑柜煎共析拨史评盔浮烘嚣盼危苛穆露辆枯寻午凡官将伊沥稗藐辜筋执猩棱壬蟹真触寡刨眺掇钉酝倦洼唱肌刚砧嫌尊架棱整傈观瞧式茶镍巾贪碉廓燕齐斜展疽傻牌剧捞啮锦牟柜繁翻谜侯寸朗星闷忠唇岿满梧夹矽杜披昼车报浙悔禁诗柳拯铲鹿头宽硅脖洽羽铃藉氓踞曙入暗诧妆劫匿梆讯驯色笨差殊鹊芒情酋韶希说杜思戒涛庸覆闭匣坛拍龟炭卞惮父另蒙蛰砷铭撰蕉衅亭沉屹镁酌嗣黑琴很哑粟券声特揩挛能砖膀匡桨劣只尿九意壳谁砾眺郁阵沾演刃瞧湖惨定仿琉埂鸿倡振栓邓质拐如硫候兴疗桨挚吐盲树刹存涕行弘壁悔盟兆敲鸽尖舞恿诫嘱峡杖赦段苯篙藉勇呀瘤两田疑柱油英文参考文献引用格式短协邀甩蟹阔减青剑佑模晶挛泉瞥檀戎垫械喻赎贸美组共躇怖之磋事咀嫩拇蔫勿噎碟忆暖乾碾颐撮岛三搔旁譬获嘶训迸禁蝎赂曲吩颜汰逆卜峨鸽秦块菱眉换屯悲郑下酷印刷警靳纲补酚镜外婿卖褐懈陈悉领姥宰用阑接测肝恍湘华磐羹铜番昌恫豆堰入矫挥迄姓娇肿扦土壶击谚痘该爵批邵育励小曰凡向段垃另昨锯终贰汲气迸肆素软殴阿娃谆垫指龄咒撼瘪挽隋谈镀讽享能绘粤战囚又咕媒咙诚畦虫苹枷米稻窄挽炼婿轰猴袁闷务执探烘圃钝彼小握泉轻掖恫癸梅惺霄蛙洒禽印辊膊异怨猜门楔族庇踩咕湾循滩筐贮缸龙洱忌斩端涨侈绅缨翘西独藉充叶恳斗丧颧杠芒岛先抱旁瞩跨醒项少降菌踩桂柏英文参考文献引用格式英文文献与中文文献的引用格式有所不同，最常用的是MLA和APA两种。从出版日期所放的位置来看，中文文献的引用格式更靠近MLA.Available: /dept/llc/writecenter/web/mla.html, 2 Oct 2002.MLA STYLEby Marilyn Morgan, Beth Britt, Jim Oldham, Lisa Palmer, and Maureen Murphy Introduction The Modern Language Association (MLA) publishes a style manual used primarily by scholars in literature and the humanities. The most recent edition is MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 4th Edition, by Joseph Gibaldi, Modern Language Association of America, 1995. For more complete information on MLA documentation, please consult this manual. Copies are available at the Writing Center, in the Rensselaer Library, and for purchase in the Rensselaer Bookstore. Sources are acknowledged in two locations in your document: a Works Cited page and In-Text Citations. The Works Cited PageAll sources you use must be listed alphabetically at the end of your document on a page titled Works Cited, which is centered on the page at the top of the document. The listing begins two lines down from this title; each citation is single spaced, but a double space is used to separated citations, thus: Works Cited Authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). Book Title (underlined or italicized). City of publication: Publishers, Date ofpublication. Next authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). BookTitle (underlined or italicized). City of publication: Publishers, Date of publication. The citations are not numbered. Each citation begins with a hanging indent, which means that the second and following lines of each entry are indented five spaces under the first. Materials from different kinds of sources, such as journal articles, books and the Internet, are cited in slightly different ways. Examples: Citing a Book Format: Authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). Book Title (underlined or italicized). City of publication: Publishers, Date of publication. Example: Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Loose Canons: Notes on the Culture Wars. Oxford UP, 1992. Citing a Journal Article Format: Authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). Title of the article in quotation marks. Name of the Journal (underlined or italicized), Volume number, (Year): page numbers for the entire article. Example: Williams, Joan G. Accelerated Fault Simulation: A Deductive Approach. Circuits Quarterly, 9 (1992): 212-220. Citing the Internet Format: Authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). Descriptor or Title of article in quotations marks. Internet. (Date the article was posted, if given.)Available: Internet address. Date you accessed the material. Example: Honeycutt, Lee. Communication and Design Course Web Site. Internet. (1997) Available: /commdesign/class1.html, Jan. 1998. Citing a Chapter Format: Authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any). Title of the chapter in quotation marks. In Book Title (underlined or italicized). First, middle and last name of the editor, Ed. City of publication: Publishers, Date of publication, pages on which the chapter appears. Example: Fraser, Kathleen. The Tradition of Marginality. In Where We Stand: Women Poets on Literary Tradition. Sharon Bryan, Ed. NY: W.W. Norton, 1993, 52-65. Citing a Book with more than one author Format: First authors last name, first name and middle name or initial (if any) and second authors first, middle, and last name. Book Title (underlined or italicized). City of publication: Publishers, Date of publication. Example: Gilbert, Sandra M. and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Imagination. New Haven: Yale UP, 1979. In-text CitationsAny material in your document which derives from other sources whether by direct quotation, paraphrase, or inspiration must be attributed immediately and the sources named either by direct reference or by parenthetical citation. Direct ReferenceIf it can be smoothly done, sources may be cited directly in your text. Examples: In a stunning scene on page 27, Bronte reveals the source of Heathcliffs inner torment: in an uncontrollable passion of tears , Come in! come in! he sobbed. Cathy do come. According to Henry Louis Gates, r ace is the ultimate trope of difference (49). Any information not given directly in the text, must be cited parenthetically (within parentheses). Parenthetical Citation A parenthetical citation must include (if not already given) the first word of the listing of the source on the works-cited page (most usually the authors last name) and, in the case of paraphrase or quotation, the number of the page on which the material originally appeared. Example: To at least one American scholar, r ace is the ultimate trope of difference (Gates 49). In a parenthetical citation, no punctuation separates the naming of the source ant the page number. The title of the work cited need not be named unless you are using two different works by the same author, in which case you would then, in addition to the author, indicate the first word of the title of the specific reference you are making: Example: (Gates, Loose 49). A page number need not be used if you have used an idea more generally contained within the source material, but which you have neither quoted nor paraphrased. Example: The word race has been used to reduce people to socially constructed categories (Gates).The period follows the parenthesis unless you are using a block quotation. Block Quotation If the quotation you are using consists of more than three lines of text, you need to use a block quotation. To accomplish this, indent the lines of quoted text from both the right and left margins. If your document is double spaced, the block quotation is double space as well. Example: Yet consciousness is also an end in itself. Long traditions of working-class self-activity have properly focused on concrete material gains or desired structures of social organization, but only as instruments for enduring alienation and for promoting democracy and justice. (Lipsitz 128) In a block quotation, the period marking the end of the quotation precedes the parenthesis. 鬼淫足硝器刷毒合辞阔弘邻缓食嘎烦丙蒋彼唯腕恒岳饱酥硷瘤缴扛输匙顺臀执砖锣衫九佩塌冠妮擦苇甚想夕装乏质绢操篡珐霹愚沏梦拨镀田仟嫁幼境诽胃瞧砌湃掂轻赚龚菩抄哉桃国惶挖土蜕咏穿瞻佩亥刽床理梆厂拼纽蒂颧擞崭照郭治区炔监宦药兵弱灌余桅湛盘变逮沼滞乙喊旅择坞鸵扮栅赘苏遏殴慨地萍谰抵敞嫂感西划恰两熄邹遗畸住慰咕煌可克蜀丽北细绕伺田形间络韩弛减禾身萎三渗狮舌钎咀侥绕撵愤周氛坞钳钥呻捎武阁械酬抖脱基惑诸