初中英语定语从句ppt.ppt

1 什么是定语 attribute Ilikethecolours Whichcolours energetic anancientcountrythecolourofwisdomthehigh speedrailwayconnectingAtoBthepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost 定语 是对名词或代词起修饰 限定作用的词 短语 或句子 汉语中常翻译成 的 定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 分词 不定式 介词短语等来担任 修饰名词 以分词 介词短语为例 ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate 介词短语作定语 现在分词作定语 Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk TheboynamedTomismyclassmate 过去分词作定语 1 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 定语从句一般放在先行词的后面 引导定语从句的词叫关系词 1 作引导词 2 在定语从句中担任一定的成分 3 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句 把主句和从句连起来 引导定语从句的关系代词 that which who whom whose 关系副词whenwhere why 作用 Grammar 2 关系词在从句中做成分 相当于代词用的叫关系代词 相当于副词用的叫关系副词 关系词判断步骤 首先 要看先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系代词可用who that whom whose 如果先行词指物 关系代词可用which或that 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 5 定语从句的结构 先行词 名词 代词 关系代词 who which that whom 1 Heneverforgetsthethingsthat whichheneedstodo 2 Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosethat wholaughatyou 3 Doyouknowtheteachersthat whoaresittinginourclassroomnow 将两个句子合并成定语从句 Matchthetwosentences 1 I mreadinganarticle ThearticleisaboutTom I mreadinganarticlethat whichisaboutTom 2 Sheisateacher TheteacherteachesusEnglish Sheisateacherthat whoteachesusEnglish 3 Whereisthecoat Youboughtitlastweek Whereisthecoatwhich thatyouboughtlastweek 1 找先行词 2 换关系词 3 抄其余部分 Ilikemusic Mostpeoplelikethemusic Ilikemusic thatmostpeoplelike that修饰先行词musicthat在从句中做宾语 可以省略 定语从句I Ilikesingers Thesingerssingthewordsclearly Ilikesingers whosingthewordsclearly who修饰先行词singerswho在从句中做主语 不能省 Rosalikesmusicthat squietandgentle Rosa喜欢轻柔的音乐 2 IlikemusicthatIcansingalongwith 我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐3 Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic 我喜欢能自己作曲的歌星 Grammar 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 Theman who Italkedwithisourteacher Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief who作宾语 who作主语 2 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Theman whom who ItalkedtoisMr Li ThemantowhomItalkedisMr Li whom前有介词to whom不能省去 Grammar Wemettheteacheryesterday Theteacherwillgiveusatalk Theteacher whom wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk 注 定语从句的时态不受主句的限制 3 whose是代词的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 Isawawoman Herbagwasstolen Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen whose作定语 Grammar 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省 如介词提前则不能 Isthisthelibrary which youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks Grammar 关系代词的作用 a 做代词 代替先行词b 在从句中担任句子成分主语或宾语c 做连词 把主句和从句连接起来 注意 who that在定语从句中做主语时 谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful 单项选择 1 Thisisthejob theylaughedat 嘲笑 A whichB asC itD who2 BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago A wherewasB thatwereC whichwasD where3 Whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting A wesawhimB wesawC wesawwhoD shewasseen A C B 单项选择 4 Theman ispaintingthehouseismyuncle A heB whomC whoseD who5 Whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket A whoB whoseC itsD which D B 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 它和关系代词一样 在从句中代替先行词 在句中作状语 where 在从句中作地点状语 指代地点 when 在从句中作时间状语 指代时间 1 Thehotelwasn tclean Westayedatthehotel Thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn tclean Thehotel which westayedatwasn tclean 2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedthePartyonthatday I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty I llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty 5 从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数保持一致 Ilikethebookwhich thatisonthedesk 我喜欢桌上的那本书 Ilikethebookswhich thatareonthedesk Thegirl wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue afamousChinesetabletennisplayer A whoB whichC whatD whom 在以下情况下只用关系词that 1 指物的先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 2 先行词是something nothing anything等不定代词时 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只用that 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little much few no all some any theonly thevery thesame thelast作修饰时 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 用that 只能用which 不用that的情况 1 在非限制性定语从中 Themeetingwasputoff whichwasexactlywhatwewanted 2 定语从句由介词 关系代词引导先行词是物时 Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用who 不用that 1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用who 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用who Istillrememberthegirl whom that wesawyesterday 请用thatorwho并成一句1 Ilikemusic Themusicisloudandexciting 2 Shelovesmovies Themoviesareromantic Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic haveatry Ex I 3 Tonyhasagoodfriend ThefriendcanspeakEnglishwell 4 Jimreadsbooks ThebooksarewritteninEnglish TonyhasagoodfriendwhocanspeakEnglishwell haveatry JimreadsbooksthatarewritteninEnglish Ex I 5 Wehaveagoodteacher Theteacherisverybeautiful 6 Ilovesongs ZhouJielunsingsthesongs Wehaveagoodteacherwhoisverybeautiful IlovesongsthatZhouJielunsings haveatry Ex I 根据句意 用正确的关系代词填空 Heistheman isreadytohelpothers 2 Thegirl Ispoketojustnowismyfriend 3 Thedress youboughtinthecitymallismadeofsilk 4 Billlikesmusic