学术英语 医学 口语听力.doc

精品文档UNIT1WelcometoInsidermedicineInDepth.ImDr.SusanSharma.Focusingtimeandenergyonthemostpersonallymeaningfulaspectsoftheirworkmayhelpphysiciansavoidburnout,accordingtoasurveypublishedintheArchivesofInternalMedicine.Herearesomeconsequencesofphysicianburnout,publishedintheAnnalsofInternalMedicine: Increasedriskforsubstanceabuse Damagetopersonalrelationships,and IncreasedriskfordevelopinginappropriateprescribingpatternsResearchersfromtheMayoClinicinRochestersurveyedover550physiciansinthedepartmentofinternalmedicineatalargeacademicmedicalcenter.Thesurveyincludedquestionsaboutjobsatisfaction,emotionalwell-being,andtheaspectsofthejobsthatwerethemostmeaningful.Asmanyas34%ofrespondentsmetthecriteriaforburnout,includingemotionalexhaustion,depersonalization,andalowsenseofpersonalaccomplishment.The88%whosaidtheyspentatleast20%oftheirworkingtimeonactivitiestheyfoundtobethemostmeaningfulhadabouthalftheburnoutrateofthosewhodidnot.Todaysresearchhighlightstheneedtooptimizecareerfitamongphysiciansinordertoreduceburnoutrates.ForInsidermedicineInDepth,ImDr.SusanSharma.欢迎Depth.I到Insidermedicine已年Dr.SusanSharma.Focusing时间和精力放在自己的工作中最有意义的个人方面可帮助医生避免倦怠，根据发表在内科Medicine.Here档案馆的调查是一些后果医生的职业倦怠，发表在内科医学年鉴： 物质滥用风险增加 损害个人的关系 开发不当处方模式的风险增加在罗切斯特的梅奥诊所的研究人员在一个大的学术医疗市中心的调查调查了550医生在内科的部门包括有关工作满意度的问题，情感幸福，那是最有意义的工作的各个方面。多达34的受访者达到了标准倦怠，包括情绪耗竭，人格解体和个人accomplishment. The感低88表示，他们谁花了他们的工作时间至少有20的活动，他们认为是最有意义的有那些谁没有的一半燃尽率。今天的研究突出了需要优化，以减少职业倦怠率职业生涯契合的医生之一。UNIT4Youknowthatoldadagethatlaughteristhebestmedicine.Well,studieshavelongshownthatlaughtercanhaveapositiveeffectbothphysicallyandemotionally.InSouthKorea,anationmoreusedtokeepingitsemotionsincheck,atleastonehospitalisencouragingpatientstoletlooseontheirregularbasis.HeresourdigitalreporterJooheeCho.Laughing,forthesecancerpatientsandtheirfamilies,isaweeklyexercise.Itssomethingthatdoesntcometooeasyforthem,butanhouroflaughterisallittakestofightdepressionthatoftenfollowschemotherapy.LimSongLi,atherapistatSeoulNationalUniversityhospital,wasonceadepressionpatientherself.Shenowisalaughtertherapistandsayswhenyoulaugh,bloodvesselsexpand,andsugarlevelsdrop,producinganabundanceofhormoneslinkedwithhappinessandpleasure.ButinKoreanculture,whereConfuciantraditiondominatessocialbehavior,laughingisnotsuchanaturalthing.Koreanmenaretaughtnottocrymorethanthriceintheirlifetime.AndthesoundofaKoreanwomanslaughtershouldnotbeheardoutsidethefenceofherhome.Butinsidethishospital,theyrelettingitout.Bytheendofthesession,theirmake-belieflaughssomehowbecometheirown.Iflaughingrequireseffort,morenaturaltoKoreans,itssinging.Thesing-songstarguru,famousforhertherapysessionstofighthousewifedepression,JeongJiSongsayssingingisaneasierwaytoexpressinnerfeelings,especiallyforKoreanwomenbroughtupinaconservativebackground.Forsometheseclassescanbeastress-managementtool,butformanymorewhosufferfromdepression,learningtosingouttheirheartcanbeahealingprocess.Itnotonlyhelpedthiswomantocomeoutofseveredepression,butitalsopresentedherwithanewcareer.Sheswallowed90sleepingpillsafterherhusbandcheatedonher,shesays.Butaftertakingupsingingtherapy,shefoundatalentinherselfcheer-leading.AndnowthenewYingSeungWooistakingcoursestobecomeacertifiedtherapist.Andherdreamtobeuponthatstagewithherteacher,helpingothersoncedepressedlikehermaynotbetoofaraway.JooheeCho,ABCNews你知道那句古老的格言，笑是最好的良药。那么，研究早就证明，笑能对身心产生积极作用。在韩国，一个民族更习惯于含蓄保持其情感，至少有一所医院会鼓励病人，释放自己的内心。下面是我们的数字记者Joohee卓。笑，对癌症患者和他们的家庭，是每周必有的。这件事情，不来太容易，但笑一个小时是以对抗忧郁所需要的，常伴随化疗。林宋丽，首尔国立大学医院的治疗师，曾经是一个抑郁症病人。她现在是一个欢笑治疗师，当你笑，血管扩张说，和血糖水平下降，产生一系列与幸福和快乐相关的激素。但在韩国文化中，儒家传统占主导地位的社会行为，笑不是这样一个自然的事情。韩国男人被教导在他们的一生不要哭超过三次。而一个韩国女人的笑声不应该在她家的围墙之外被听到。但是，这家医院里，他们让笑声出来。在本届会议结束时，他们让笑声变成自己的。如果笑需要努力，韩国人更自然的是歌声。卖唱星大师guru，因治疗主妇抑郁症而出名，JeongJiSong说唱歌是表达内心的感受，尤其是对韩国妇女在一个保守的背景下提出了一个更简单的方法。对于其中一些人来说，这是一个压力管理工具，但对更多的抑郁症患者，学唱对他们的心脏可能是一个治疗过程。它不仅帮助这个女人摆脱严重的抑郁症，但开创了一个新的职业生涯。她的丈夫cheated她之后，她吞下90片安眠药后。但唱歌治疗后，她发现了一个人才，她自己是一个cheer-leading。现在YingSeungWoo正在上课程，成为合格的治疗师。而她的梦想成为与她的老师那样帮助别人（像她那样郁闷的人）可能不会太遥远。 Joohee卓，美国广播公司新闻UNIT5JENNIFER:ImJenniferMorris.Wedallliketoliveahealthierlifestyle,right?Whetherthatmeansgettingmoreexercise,orkickinganastyhabit,orlosingweight.Buthowdoyougetstarted,youknow,whatdoyoudo?WerebackherewithTrishaCalvo,executiveeditorofShapeMagazinewithsomemorehelpfulhints.Hi.TRISHA:Hi.JENNIFER:Howareyou?TRISHA:Good.JENNIFER:Soyouhaveahalfplaterule,canyoutellmeaboutwhatthatis?TRISHA:Yes.Ithinkforhealthorweightlossoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoisfillhalfofyourplatewithfruitsorvegetablesateverymeal.Whatthatdoesisithelpskeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Anditalsoensuresthatyouaregettingplentyoffiber,phytochemicals,vitamins,andmineralsinyourdiet,whichhelpcontrolallyourriskfactorsfordiseaseslikeheartdisease,cancer,anditcanevenkeepyourskinlookingwrinklefreeandsmoothandhealthy,andglowing.JENNIFER:Sowhataboutthemedicalpiece.Alotofpeopledontgotothedoctorenough,ortheymakeappointmentsandtheybreakit.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthat?TRISHA:Ithinkthat,youpickaday,youknow,whetheritsyourbirthday,andIthinkthatsagreatdayforpeopletosortoftakestockoftheirhealthnowthatyoureolder,andIthinkthatwhatyoucandoisyoucansitdownandyoucansay,ok,thisweekImgoingtomakeallofmydoctorsappointments.Imgoingtoscheduleascreeningwiththedermatologistformyskincancercheck-up.ImgoingtogetamammogramifImawoman.ImgoingtoschedulemygynecologyappointmentsoIcangetmyPapSmearandmycheck-up.Imgonnaschedulemyphysical,nowyouobviouslydonthavetogotothedoctoronthatweek.Butifyoutakeanhouroneday,andyoujustsitdownandyoumakealltheappointmentsoverthenextcoupleofmonths,youllhaveitinyourcalendar.Andyouwillmakesurethatyouaregettingthepreventativecarethatyouneedtocatchaproblembeforeitbecomesarealproblem.JENNIFER:Uh-huh,uh-huh.Andlastlywhataboutdowntime?Imean,wealllivesuchbusylifestyles,itssohardtofinddowntime.TRISHA:Wearesobusyandstressincreasinglyresearchesveshownthatstresshasbecomeafactorinalotofdiseases.Everythingfromcatchingacold,todevelopingcancer,todevelopingheartdisease,evendepression.Soitsveryimportanttotaketimeforyourselfduringtheday.Anditcanbejustanythingthatyouenjoy.Uh,youknow,itdoesnthavetobe,like“ohIneedtogetamassage,Ineedtoofficiallyrelax”.Itcanjustbe,youknow,Ilovemydog.Imgonnaplaywithmydogfortenminutes;Imjustgonnamakethatmycominghomeritual.Or,Iloveyouknow,historicalfiction;ImjustgonnacarveoutfifteenminutesadaytoreadsomethingthatIreallyreallyenjoy.Ipersonally,IamnothappyifIamnotreadinganovelthatImreallyengrossedin.AndIjustmakesurethatIhaveoneinmybagatalltimes.AndwheneverIhaveacoupleofminutesIjustpullitopenanditmakesmehappy.Anditrelievesthestress.AndIthinkthateverybodyhassomethingspeciallikethatthattheylove.JENNIFER:ImeanitsnicetothinkofitinsmallincrementsbecauseIthinkwegetoverwhelmedlookingatthewholepicturewhentherearejustsmallthingsthatyoucandothroughouttheday.TRISHA:Absolutely.JENNIFER:Sowhataboutexercise?Isthatistheresimilarthings?TRISHA:Walkingisoneofthebestexercisesandyoucandoitanywhere,anditseasytodo.Anditdoesyoudonthavetobeasuperathletetobeabletodoit.Tenminutes,justtaketenminutes.JENNIFER:Howmanycaloriesdoyouburnintenminutes?TRISHA:Ahundredforty-fivepoundwoman,ifsheiswalkingbriskly,aboutahundred.JENNIFER:Amazing.TRISHA:Yeah,soyoureally,yougottokickitupalittlebittoburnthatmanybutbriskwalkingisgreatforyourheart.Evenslowwalkingisgoodforyou,itsgoodforyourhealth;itsgoodforyourweightcontrol.Youknow,obviouslythemoreyoucanwalk;takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator.UhWalktoappointments,getoff,youknow,parkyourcaralittlebitfurtherawayfromtheentrancetoyouroffice,orthemall.Andwalk,eventhoselittlethingsduringthecourseofthedayaddup.JENNIFER:Thanks,moregreatadvicefromTrishaCalvo,executiveeditorofShapeMagazine.珍妮佛：我是珍妮弗莫里斯。我们都希望生活更健康的生活方式，对不对？这是否意味着获得更多的锻炼，或去除坏习惯，或减肥。但你如何开始，你知道，你会怎么做？我们回到这里与特丽莎卡尔沃（特丽莎卡尔沃），形体杂志的主编。你好。 TRISHA：你好。珍妮佛：你好吗？ TRISHA：良好。珍妮花：所以，你有一个halfplaterule，你能告诉我是什么吗？TRISHA：是的。我想对于健康或减肥的最重要的事情你可以做的是填补一半的板水果或蔬菜，每餐。这是什么做的是它有助于保持控制你的卡路里。而且它还可以确保你得到你的饮食，这有助于控制所有的风险因素，如心脏疾病，癌症等疾病大量纤维，植物化学物质，维生素和矿物质，而且它甚至可以让你的皮肤看上去无皱纹，光滑，健康，容光焕发。珍妮花：那么，关于医疗事件。很多人不去看医生，或者预约后又失约。你怎么想的？TRISHA：我认为，你挑一个日子，要知道，无论是你的生日，我想这对样的人拿他们的健康的股票，现在你长大伟大的一天，我认为你可以做的是，你可以坐下来，你可以说，OK，这周我打算让我所有的医生的约会。我将安排与皮肤科医生对我的皮肤癌体检筛查。我要得到一个乳房X光检查，如果我是一个女人。我要安排我的妇科约会，所以我可以得到我的子宫颈抹片检查，我的检查。我要安排我的身体，现在你显然不具备去上一周的医生。但是，如果你需要一个小时一天，你刚刚坐下来，你让所有的约会，在未来几个