初中非谓语动词用法的几点归纳.doc

初中非谓语动词用法的几点归纳：非谓语动词是英语学习中非常常见的语法点，它的几点用法现归纳如下：一.构成：to do, not to do二.用法:1.作主语（不定式作主语时，常用it代替不定式作形式主语放在句首，把不定式放在句末)It is/was +adj.(for sb) to do sth. To study hard for us is important.= Its important for us to study hard. Its not easy to learn English well. Is it necessary for us to learn to wait? Its good for us to take more exercise every day.2.作宾语 I hope to see you soon. He wanted to answer this question. Jack wishes to do this by himself. He would like to help you. I like to watch TV.3.作宾语补足语 Our teacher asked us to stop talking. Tell him to wait a minute.He wants his father to buy a new bike for her.Would you like me to go instead of you? He made them work 12 hours a day. Let me help you . I heard her sing last night.4.作表语 His job is to sell bikes. Her wish is to be an actress. His dream is to become a doctor.5.作定语(放在所修饰词的后面） I have a bit of homework to do every day. He has nothing to do. Give me something to eat. He is looking for a room to live in. Pass me a piece of paper to write on. He always has something to complain about. 6.作状语 Im sorry to hear that. Im afraid to see her. He is too young to go to school. Hell go to visit his uncle. He came to say goodbye to us. They stopped to have a look. He is tall enough to reach the top of the door. 三.不定式短语的形式1. to do +宾语 We are happy to help you.2. for sb to do Its easy for us to get lost in the forest.3. 特殊疑问词+to do I want to know when to leave. He doesnt tell us what to do next. Can you tell me how to go there? Tell me where to find Jim. 四.注意几点：1.make/let/ listen to/look at/ hear/see/watch /have/help 后的动词不定式, 不用to. Listen to LiMing sing a song,please. He often makes/has us laugh in class. Dont let him sit down.2如果两个以上的不定式并列时，除第一个不定式外，其余的须省去但两者是对比关系的不能省。 I had to sit down and have a rest every five minutes. The teacher asked you to come in and take a seat. Its easier to swim than to skate. Its easier to say than to do.动名词一.构成: doing二.用法:1.作主语 Walking is good for us. Dreaming is helpful for us sometimes. Getting up early is a good habit.2.作表语 Seeing is believing. The most important thing for us students is studying hard.3.作定语 reading/waiting room, sleeping pill/car4.作宾语 I like/hate swimming. Stop making a noise! He finished reading the book. He enjoys taking exercise. Do you mind opening the window? When we heard the news, we couldnt help laughing. Are you busy doing your homework? 作介词宾语How about going shopping?I dreamt about changing my job.He is good at speaking English.They do well in drawing pictures.He stayed at home instead of going out.Dont be afraid of making mistakes!He left angrily without quarreling with his wife.The rain stopped us (from) going there.We spent all day (in) solving the problem.He feels like eating noodles.注：有些动词后接动词不定式或接动名词意思没大区别。如： begin/start to do/doing like to do/doing 有些动词后接动词不定式或接动名词意思 区别很大。如:1. stop doing 停止做（正在做的事） stop to do 停下来做（另一件事） The girl stopped picking the flowers as soon as she saw the policeman. As soon as the teacher went out ,they stopped to talk. She stopped to say hello to me when she saw me. 2.forget to do 忘记做某事 forget doing 忘记做了某事 I forget to tell him the news.（未告诉） I forgot telling him the news.（已经告诉他了3.remember to do 记住做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 Please remember to tell him the news. I remember seeing you somewhere. 4.try to do 尽力做某事 try doing 试试做某事 We should try to study English well. Why not try going