状语的具体讲解(七)条件状语.doc

句子成分之状语的具体讲解（七）条件状语导读：条件状语是为主语的动作或者状态提供了条件。一、介词短语做条件状语二、分词做条件状语三、独立短语做状语四、从句装状语1. if “如果”； unless (=if not) “除非， 如果不”。2. in case， on condition that， providing， provided (that)， supposing， suppose (that)等词汇意思相近， 指“假如， 假使， 在条件下”3. as long as (=so long as)“只要”。一、介词短语作条件状语In case of fire, dial the number 110. 万一发生火灾，就拨打110。Without his help, we couldnt succeed. 如果没有他的帮助，我们就不会成功。But for her timely information, we might have missed the chance. 要不是她及时通知，我们或许会失去那次机会。二、 分词短语作条件状语Taken in time, the medicine will be effective. 如果及时服用，这种药就会起作用。Carrying the tickets in your pockets, you wont lose them. 把票装在口袋里，就不会丢掉。三、独立结构作状语Time permitting, well have a short break by the river. 如果时间允许，我们就在河边休息一下。All things considered, I think we should trust them. 从各方面考虑，我认为我们应该相信他们。四、条件状语条件状语是为主语的动作或者状态提供了条件。条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主语用一般将来时。或者从句一般现在时，主句中加入情态动词。1、if 表示正面的条件， 意为“如果”； unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件， 意为“除非， 如果不”。例如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他， 他会帮助你。If you dont ask him, he will not help you.Unless you ask him, he will not help you.He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. 他一定会来， 除非他有急事。if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设.从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设.如：If I were you, I would invite him to the party如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。2. in case， on condition that， providing， provided (that)， supposing， suppose (that)等词汇意思相近， 指“假如， 假使， 在条件下”(比if更为书面化)。In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来的话， 告诉我一声。I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我将把我的字典给你， 如果你明天要还的话。 I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的费用有人付， 我就去。Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall we do? 他要是不来， 我们该怎么办？3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要条件， 引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时， 意为“只要”。例如：I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time. 只要及时告诉我， 我就会合作。You may use th