托福雅思国际音标正音最经典材料(全).doc

得乐教育小升初金牌课程专用讲义 金碧校区： 84063396 东晓南校区： 62276165 国际音标表音标手写体：26个英文字母及发音音标如下: A ei B bi: Csi: D di: E i: F ef G d3i:H eit I ai J d3ei K kei L el Mem N en O u P pi: Q kju: R : S es T ti: U ju:V vi: W dblju: X eks Y wai Z zi:zed第一节： 元音 如果你感到一个人的英语说的很美，那么他/她的元音发的一定标准。 标准体现在两个方面：1. 长双元音饱满到位。2. 短元音急促有力。1.1长元音：/i:/:/u:/ : /a/i:/发音时，嘴角极力往两边咧。如： cheesebeach 长音不到位的原因有两个： 1.受汉语影响。我们的元音是不分长短的，所以无论怎么读，不会产生歧义。 2.受自己影响。出于两种情况，要么懒惰，要么害羞。懒惰造成的结果是蜻蜓点水；害羞就是觉得自己的嘴咧到那个程度很难看。所以为了要面子宁可说错误的英语。试想一下，把beach 说成bitch 更尴尬，还是你的嘴角稍咧一下更尴尬。 所以什么才是真正的面子，应该不言而喻了吧。 练习：单词：seeweheshemeetleavegreenbetweenthirteen threetreereaddream句子：If you can dream it , you can do it! （只要有梦想就能够成功）Seeing is believing. （眼见为实） I see what you mean, but I do not agree with you . （我明白你的意思，但仍然不同意你的看法。）绕口令终极挑战：Through three cheese trees three free fleas flew. While these fleas flew, freezy breeze blew. Freezy breeze made these three trees freeze. Freezy trees made these trees cheese freeze. Thats what made these three free fleas sneeze.（三只自由的跳蚤飞过三棵奶酪树。 跳蚤飞过，寒风拂过。寒风使得三棵树冰冻，同时也使得树上的奶酪冰冻, 因此导致了三只自由的跳蚤直打喷嚏。 ）小窍门：每天早上起床后，练习长音的发音，练到你不能承受那个长度为止。 同时还提高了肺活量./ :/中元音发音时口型变化不大。心里喊“饿”,自然发出。不过在美音中，这个/:/ 都是要卷舌的，即变为 / :r /，而且还是重度卷舌，所以长音一定到位，才能避免“上来就卷”的情况。如：service，nurse 【练吧】单词 her perfect perfume bird birthday circle work word world turn curl church learn heard early句子 First come, first served.先来先得。 The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。 Youre superb!你太棒了！ You deserve this honor. 你值得赢得这项荣誉。绕口令终极挑战：1、Elizabeths birthday is on the third Thursday of this month.2、“Word” and “world” both have / :/ sound. But “world” has one more sound than “word”. So note the difference before saying “word” and “world” correctly. /u:/ 后元音发音时- 唇鼓起。像打口哨一样。 饱满圆润。 如： fool；soon练习：单词： do who improve lose ruler blue rude food school noon shoe flew new句子： Dont jump to conclusions. Who knows? I hope to see you soon.绕口令终极挑战：A flea (跳蚤) and a fly flew up in a flue (烟道). Said the flea, Let us fly! Said the fly, Let us flee! So they flew through a flaw (裂缝) in the flue./ :/ 后元音发音时- 唇偏圆，但不满圆。有点像喝倒彩声。如： law；mall不过，在单词中以两种变体存在，一个是普通的/ : / ，一个是卷舌的/ : /，美音通常标注为/ :r /练习：单词 saw raw draw cause fault autumn all ball talk walk almost bought thought daughter broad sport pork lord door floor four your war warm 句子 Lets talk in English. Pause and ponder, think before act. Lets call it a day.【绕口令终极挑战】I saw Esau kissing Kate. I saw Esau, he saw me, and she saw I saw Esau.I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasnt the thought I thought I thought. /a:/后元音发音时- 口张开，像看医生时喊“啊”一样。要露到小舌。不过，在美式发音中以三种变体存在，一个是原版的/ a: / ，一个是卷舌的/ a: /，美音在标注的时候通常在/ a: /的后面多加一个为/ r /，成为/ a: r/。还有一个是发生音变后的/ /。练习：单词 father calm palm bar car far hard harm garden yard harbor half last pass basket句子 A palm pilot is also called a palmtop computer. The car was parked in the farmyard. The clerk was far smarter than his master. Half the class have passed.【绕口令终极挑战】1.Six sharp smart sharks.2.One smart fellow, he felt smart. Two smart fellows, they felt smart. Three smart fellows, they all felt smart.1.2短元音：/ i / /e/ / / / / / / / u / / /i/趣味解释:提醒注意音发音要领: 唇微咧,舌尖抵下齿,齿间距约一指.如：this， is， big。练习：【单词】 in it bit lip Monday Tuesday Sunday city Lucy university minute busy orange message 【对比练习】 beach bitch beat bit seat sit leave live sheet shit lid lead hill heel hit heat still steal fit feet【句子】 A little bit. Are you kidding? The two pictures look similar. （如图1） Its difficult for him to make a decision. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I wont wish the wish you wish to wish.2. Six sick hicks（乡下人）nick （擦伤）six slick（光滑的）bricks with picks （鹤嘴锄，如图2） and sticks. 3. I slit（撕裂） a sheet（一张纸）, a sheet I slit. Upon the slitted sheet, I sit. （如图3）/e/ 趣味解释：面带微笑音发音要领：嘴角微开，舌尖抵下齿，齿间距一指。如： red, pen. 练习【单词】bed desk neverbread heavy weatherany many said 【对比练习】bed badguess gasdead dadmen man【句子】Never say die!Never better!Attitude is everything.Lets get started.【绕口令终极挑战】1. Ted said he found his red pen under the red bed. 2. Red leather, yellow leather./ / 趣味解释: 下巴掉到肚脐下发音要领:舌头中间上拱,舌尖抵下齿, 齿间距约为二指,如： bad, sad. 练习【单词】 happen matter exactly am catch passion have pen pal van marry jacket hand 【对比练习】 had head pan pen sat set mat met【句子】 That is absolutely impossible.Actions speak louder than words.He has a happy family.We must put our plans into practice.【绕口令终极挑战】1. That cashier had bad manners. (如图1)2. Mr. Anthony acts as a mad man in a play. (如图2)3. It was a satisfaction to know that he passed the examination. (如图3)/趣味解释: 轻微中弹音 发音要领:舌尖抵下齿, 舌中抬起发音,齿间距为一指尖.如： fun, sun练习：【单词】 much run but love son money onion double trouble country blood【对比练习】 bus boss dull doll luck lock wonder wanderfast fun hart butcard cut 【句子】 Love me, love my dog. Shut up! Well begun is half done. Whats up?【绕口令终极挑战】 1. -How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? -He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, and chuck as much wood as a woodchuck would if a woodchuck could chuck wood. (如图1) 2. One-One was a racehorse. Two-Two was one, too. When One-One won one race, Two-Two won one, too. （One-One 和Two-Two是racehorse的名字）（如图2）/ / 趣味解释:喊饿发音要领:牙床半开,舌平放口中,双唇中常两种变体： 一种平舌: / / breakfast today 一种卷舌: / r / soccer ruler练习：【单词】 China really idea society quiet possible holiday beautiful violin correct bottom lotus focus famous nervous precious delicious farmer worker honor actor Saturday understand【对比练习】 America soccer camera sufferer banana container campus campersearth arrivework tutor【句子】 Five minutes ago, he was there. Tomorrow never comes! My mama always told me that miracles happen every day, some people do not think so, but they do. 【绕口令终极挑战】Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers?If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,wheres the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?/u/ 趣味解释: 唇不变形心在跳发音要领: 唇快速拢小收圆， 舌后根抬高发音练习:【单词】 book took good wood stood pull push full put could should would 【对比练习】 cool cook loose look noon nook（隐蔽处） woo（追求） wood shoot sugar tool took food foot boot book【句子】 Look out! This kind of practice is good for your spoken English If I could, I surely would. Look before you leap.【绕口令终极挑战】1. Good cookies could be cooked by a good cook if a good cook could cook good cookies. 2. Good food tastes good. / /趣味解释: 欲打哈欠发音要领:张大嘴，舌头后缩平放，齿间距为三指练习:【单词】 got job pop top what watch【对比练习】 all odd ball boss lawn lock naught （零） not cause because cop cause box ball hot hallwatch walk【句子】 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. Words and water are easily poured, but impossible to recover.【绕口令终极挑战】1. If a shipshape(整洁的,井然有序的)ship shop stocks (进货,采购)six shipshape shop-soiled ships, how many shipshape shop-soiled ships would six shipshape ship shops stock?2. Polka dot shirts are quite popular among modern people.1.3双元音合口双元音：/ai/ei/i/ /au/ / u/ai/发音时，张大嘴。滑动：/a/ /i/。口型由大到小。前者响亮，后者短促。基础知识补充：双元音音素由两个元音组成,发音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动,口型有变化.前一个元音发音清晰响亮,且时间长;后一个元音发音模糊软弱,且时间短.特别要注意的三点是:(1)不要将前后两个音断开,应连贯成为一个整体: (2)不要因为后一个元音发音短小而将其忽略; (3)发音时滑动过程要完整,时间要充分. 一定要突出这个过程感，（过程感是双元音发音的核心所在。）一个小的窍门就是拉长前一个元音。比如： I like China 连成一句话，同样饱满；然后提速，还是原样；增加次数，也不会走样。练习：单词nice time fine smile fly try eye high sigh thigh(大腿) light bright tight【对比练习】 cat kite had hide back bike van vine【句子】 Great minds think alike. Out of sight, out of mind. Her hairstyle is in style. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. Every morning, I take a nice bike ride in the nice bright sunshine. 2. Mike likes to fly kites in the sky./ei/发音时，嘴角极力后咧 滑动: /e/ /i/ 口型由大到小 前者响亮，后者短促。如：face, brave. 练习：【单词】 race make name break great steak wait paint train 【对比练习】 fill fail lit late bit bait kit Kate stick steak greet great breed break【句子】Today is a great day! You made my day. No pain, no gain. Nothing ever stays the same. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. Kate is making a cake. 2. Take a break, go to the lake and make a steak./i/发音时，张开嘴，唇收圆，先发/ /滑动：/ / / i /，唇微开，齿间距小。如：toy；joy. 练习：【单词】 boy enjoy soy oil boil soil voice choice noise appointment【对比练习】 all oil bald boiled raw Roy bawling(大叫) boiling【句子】 Get to the point. It is so noisy here that I can not hear your voice. Id like to make an appointment for a checkup. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. I was annoyed at the boy for spoiling the toy which belonged to Joy.2. Without toil and moil, you can not create fertile soil. /au/发音时，张大嘴, 嘴收圆。滑动：/ a / / u /口型由大到小。如：how, about. 练习：【单词】 now cow wow brown own town house loud shout found round mountain 注：/aun/ ang【对比练习】 pond pound shot shout tone town load loud 【句子】 Without doubt, things will get better. Are you going downtown?【绕口令终极挑战】 1. They are out of town and going down to the south. 2. How about buying a house instead of the round trip around the world?/ u/发音时，先发/ /，然后向/ u /滑动，唇收圆。如：O, no, boat. 练习：【单词】 go so nose hope coat road blow grow sold hold comb home【对比练习】 hop hope cost coast rod road on own want wont 【句子】 No smoking. I know you wont go. I hope so. Home! Sweet home!【绕口令终极挑战】1. The goat is wearing a coat to break the cold and try to be bold. 2. She left home for Rome without taking her beautiful comb. / i / 舌前卷舌音。发音时，由/ i / 很快滑向/ /。口形先合后开，但无需开得很大，舌位逐渐降低。两个变体： 一种是字母组合所发的卷舌音Ir, 如：here 一种是单个字母分别发音i, 如：idea练习：【单词】 mere sincere ear clear fear near year career engineer pioneer superior inferior experience fierce pierce theater idea real serious curious【对比练习】 fear fur hear her weir (堰) were beard bird【句子】 Cheer up! She smiled with cheerful tears. (如图1 ) He laughed from ear to ear. （如图2） They appeal to mysterious ideas.【绕口令终极挑战】1. Cheerleading cheers, chants and yells. （如图3）2. I fear we cant hear him clearly. 3. You are serious but sincere, my dear. 1.4集中双元音：/ i / / / / u / / 趣味解释:爱你(尔)音发音要领: 由 / 很快滑向 /发 / 时舌尖抵下齿，嘴张得比 /e/ 大，比 / / 小比如：air chair练习：【单词】 hair fair repair care hare rare share square bear pear tear wear their there where scary various【对比练习】 fair fire tear tire wear wire hair hire【句子】 Hes repairing the chair. I swear Ill never tell anyone. Where there is a will, theres a way. She was not aware how deeply he loved her. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. He rarely stares at the mayor because hes scared. 2. Theres scarcely a chair there that stands wear and tear. (那儿几乎没有一把经久耐用的椅子。)3. A careless bear is sharing a pear with his little baby bear. /u/趣味解释:吻别音发音要领:由/ u / 很快滑向/ / 两个变体： 一种是字母组合所发的卷舌音 r ，如：sure 一种是单个字母分别发音u ，如：actually练习：【单词】 poor tour cure pure endure Europe during furious cruel fuel usual 【对比练习】 dear dare doer mere mayor moor（沼地，荒野，如图1） peer pear poor tear tear tour 【句子】 Hes from a very poor family. Im sure thats pure gold. We were unsure about who was to blame. Fewer and fewer students are absent from class. 【绕口令终极挑战】1. Surely the poor patient will be cured. 2. The curious European tourist felt insecure. 第二节：辅音 2.1爆破音: pbtdkg 摩擦音: f v s z h r 破擦音:t dtrdrtsdz 鼻音: mn 半元音: wj 舌侧音: l () 咬舌音咬舌音是英语中最具特色的辅音。在汉语拼音中找不到类似发音，咬舌的动作因此通常被我们中国同学忽略。在英语中，咬舌音有两个，成对出现，一清一浊。它们是：/ / / 发音要领: 轻轻咬舌尖。练习：【单词】 three thirty thank something athlete healthy both month teeth the that them mother whether without bathe breathe smooth【对比练习】 sin thin sink think sick thick sing thing sought thought faith face mouth mouse teeth tease bath bus 【绕口令终极挑战】 Father and mother went through thick and thin. 不管是顺境还是逆境，父母总是同甘共苦。 Neither father nor mother likes this weather. I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasnt the thought I thought I thought.If the thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldnt have thought so much .There are 3333 feathers on that thrushs throat. 【Poems】 There was an old woman, And nothing she had. And so this old woman, Was said to be mad. Shed nothing to eat, Shed nothing to wear, Shed nothing to lose, Shed nothing to fear, Shed nothing to ask, And nothing to leave, And when she did die, Nobody grieved. “This” is used for something near, “That” means something over there, “These” and “those” mean two or more, “Those” are far and “these” are near. 滑音 在弱读音节中，t 前后受到夹击时，接近d, 符号是 t如： water quarterlater writerbetter letter latter matterlittle bottle hospital capitalItaly item twenty university如果是重读音节，则不遵循此规律。如：catastrophyintegrity五个中国同学感到困难的辅音/v/never very well/w/ where everyone twenty question/r/row train drink/ / usually confusion/l/little school /v/发音要领: 上齿咬下唇，气流从唇齿间流出。声带振动。练习：【单词】 very vain voice avoid invite novel arrive starve above【对比练习】 vest west vale (谷) whale vow wow vary wary （机警的）【句子】 The voyage was over. She gave me a valuable vase. He gave her a vase for her birthday. Have you ever been to America?【绕口令终极挑战】Eves elevating eleven elephants./w/ 半元音 发音要领：嘴唇收紧收圆. “我” 练习：【单词】 west will where away reward always twelve twice between quick queen question 【对比练习】 wheel veal (小牛肉) well vell (铲掉。的草皮) went vent(发泄) wane(变弱) vane(风向标)【句子】 I wonder where she walked. Wendy was weeping quietly. The wise man is always a good listener.【绕口令终极挑战】1. Wyvel worried the West would get a wave of Stonewalling. 2. Will Wall Streets rewards wane if workers wield(使用的,挥舞的)power./发音要领:舌头悬空，舌头平放，后缩发音。撅嘴。练习：【单词】 measurepleasuretreasure visionvisualusual garagemassage prestige 【句子】1. There was an explosion in the garage. 2. The genre (类，型) of the writer was a measure of his vision. 【绕口令终极挑战】They treasure their leisure with measureless pleasure./r/发音要领：舌头悬空，舌身后卷，撅嘴。练习：【单词】 red row return wrong write wrinkle very marry quarrel cricket cross free prize shred thrive spring sprite script【句子】 The children were reading nursery rhymes. I promise your room wi