专业四级英语考试辅导–语法无答案.doc

专业四级英语考试辅导 语法时态主谓一致情态动词虚拟语气独立主格Such、 as 、 than 的用法As 与 than 作关系代词Some any no such形容词 副词 比较级定语从句名词从句状语从句反意问句单复数副词代词分词倒装句时态55. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _ impossible to comprehend. A. has found B. was finding C. had found D. would find(2007年试题)间接引语中时态的一致59. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _ impossible to comprehend. A. had found B. finds C. has found D. would find (2005年试题)55. Linda was _ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to start B. to have started C. to be starting D. to have been startingto be to do = to be going to was to do something 过去的计划to be to have done 计划了，未做 was to have done 计划了，未做57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _ the journey in exactly two days.A. must make B. must have made C. was able to make D. could make52. Jack _ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missing D. was missedmissing = 丢失 lost missed = 错过54. James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday.A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. camehas just arrived 说明 yesterday 是处于be coming 的状态。55. _ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be过去_现在_与_将来_ _ 断 _ 开始_ have been 与 will be是相连的时间。 was will have to be/will58. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think to be believed to do (据信要干什么)to be believed to have done (据信干了什么)to be known to have done to think of something 想到什么to be thinking of doing 考虑什么，打算干什么 58. The committee has anticipated the problems that _ in the road construction project.A. arise B. will arise C. arose D. have arisen anticipated 预见未来工程中的问题，没有开工中的问题用将来时。43. For some time now, world leaders _ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed 进行时表示动作持续了一段时间， now决定了现在进行时48. You _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. A. neednt have told B. neednt tell C. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell neednt have done 本来不必做而做了52. You _ Mark anything. It was none of his business. A neednt have told B neednt tel C mustnt have told D mustnt tell主谓一致60. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because _ going to agree upon anything today.A. neither you nor I are B. neither you nor me isC. neither you nor I am D. neither me nor you are 逻辑上的单复数Ten miles is nothing to us. Ten miles are ahead of us.就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，a) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.b）当either or 与neither nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。Either you or she is to go.Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.单复数52. All the Presidents Men _ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal. A. remain B. remains C. remained D. is remaining 书名62. The statistics _ that living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times. A. proves B. is proving C. are proving D. provestatistics 数字 statistics 统计学61. Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, _ for Europe this afternoon. A. are to leave B. are leaving C. is leaving D. leave together with, as well as 的插入。42. _ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All情态动词53. “You _ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. A. could B. should C. must D. canprovided 条件从句 = if, 从句中为一般现在时，判定主句也是一般现在时can。Could也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone _ an opportunity to hear the speech. A. ought to have B. must have C. may have D. should haveso that 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时，从句中用过去时 might / could /should。57. I am surprised _ this city is a dull place to live in.A. that you should think B. by what you are thinking C. that you would think D. with what you were thinkingshould do 表示惊讶，奇怪，欢欣等。It is strange that he should win the game.He was disappointed that she should love a boy three years younger than she.amazing strange odd ridiculous surprising unthinkable 在 for fear that (以备) / in case ( lest) 后谓语用 should + do 虚拟语气非真实条件句 主句 were / had / did would 现在时 someone had done would have done 过去时 Had someone done were to do would 将来时 should do Were he to do Should he do could have done would have done might have done should have done均用于本应发生而未发生的状况48. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. A. may have acted B. must have actedC. should act D. would act 51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were54. _ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _ much better results now.A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get60. He would have finished his college education, but he _ to quit and find a job to support his family. A. had had B. has C. had D. would have54. _ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ quite such a crowd of people there. A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt be 条件句中的倒装50. _ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it beenC. Was it not D. Were it not63. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had Should do, please contact 这是经常用于行政与商务公文中的用语。43. If your car _any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. A shall need B should need C would need D will need Be he rich or poor 52. _ Ill marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poorIf only 但愿，表示愿望，用虚拟语气 （时态上的向过去推移）54. If only the patient _ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now. A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving52. If only I _ play the guitar as well as you!A. would B. could C. should D. mightIt is time we went. 该干什么It is time we went. 该干什么Its high time someone didIts about time someone did54. Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop51. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?”“ I dont know. But its about time _ on something.”A. Id decide B. I decided C. I decide D. Im deciding49. If you have really been studying English for so long. Its about time you _ able to write letters in English. A. should be B. were C. must be D . are the first time someone 不属于这种结构60. That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.A. betrayed. . take B. had betrayed. . . took C. has betrayed. took D. has betrayed. takethat 从句中的动词 文书用语Adj.It is important that something ( be / do 动词原型 美语) (should be / should do英语)essential necessary imperative possible impossible urgent advisableVerbadvise demand ask order require urge recommend suggest insistNounadvice arrangement decision order suggestion recommendation 62. It was suggested that all government ministers should _ information on their financial interests. A. discover B. uncover C. tell D. disclose56. It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time. A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed in59. It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry. A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to57. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _ for that.A. for us to be prepared B. that we are preparedC. of us to be prepared D. our being prepared 推测句 Probabilitymust have done 肯定的推测句 （过去时） must be doing （现在时）couldnt have done 否定的推测句 cant be doing56. She _ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must be B. had been C. could be D. must have been65. Which of the following sentences expresses probability?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight oclock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.独立主格 主语 + doing / done, （没有助动词），从句与主句中的主语不一致。独立主格一般在日常生活语言中不使用。它过于书面化。名词(代词) + 现在分词、过去分词；51. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop.A. isB. been C. be D. being58. Time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled.A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permits Work done, workers were all gone.Leg hurt, I couldnt go out these days. 非谓语动词 分词 逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。64. _ at in his way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate.A. Looking B. Looked C. Being looked D. To look55. If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.A. being treated B.treated C. be treated D. having been treated42. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _ left untreated. A. after B. if C. since D.unless 45. There_ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 45. _, he can now only watch it on TV at home. A Obtaining not a ticket for the match B Not obtaining a ticket for the match C Not having obtained a ticket for the match D Not obtained a ticket for the match51. _ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field. A Giving B To give C Given D Being givennot counting = not including 不算 （视为固定用法）Considering 考虑到 Judging by 从判断63. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _ the spoilt ones. A. not counting B. not to count C. dont count D. having not counted 非谓语动词 动名词 62. The meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without John.A. objected having B. were objected to having C. objected to have D. objected to havingobject to 中的 to 很容易被误认为是不定式的 to。avoid appreciate admit permit deny forbid considr61. Whats the chance of _ a general election this year?A. there being B. there to be C. there be D ther going to be51. _ is not a serious disadvantage in life.A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall 非谓语动词 不定式 63. It is not uncommon for there _ problems of communication between the old and the young. A. being B. would be C. be D. to be essential / important + for someone + there to do 58. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extraA. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think46. AIDS is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been to have been 和 to have done 表示过去的动作43. Professor Johnson is said _some significant advance in his resea rch in the past year.A. having made B. making C. to have made D.to make 42. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, _ by the police each time. A. had been captured B. being always captured C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured only to do 放在句尾，表示“其结果反倒是”的意思限定词冠词、不定代词、指示代词、名词、代词所有格、数词、形容词性的物主代词 限定词的重叠问题 many of his friends 57. Which of the following is INCORRECT? A. All his lectures were boring. B. Half his money was gone. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.D. He invited many his friends to the party.定语从句53. The party, _ I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable. A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which53. Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.A. whereB. of whose C. whose D. which61. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected.A. whichB. it C. that D. what62. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _ he was twenty years ago. A. whichB. that C. who D. whom44. Have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by which B. that C. in where D. where50. Hes _ as a “bellyacher” hes always complaining about something. A. who is known B. whom is knownC. what is known D. which is known 名词从句53. The government has promised to do _ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area. A. howeverB. whichever C. whatever D. wherever62. Quality is _ counts most.A. which B. that C. what D. where47. She managed to save _ she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little money B. so little moneyC. such little money D. what little money41. After _ seemed an endless wait,it was her turn to enter the per sonnel managers office. A. that B. what C. there D. it 状语从句51. _ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.A. Although B. Whatever C. As D. HoweverHowever + 形容词 、 副词 + someone may be 不管多么， 仍然However slowly he walks, he is now capable of managing his own life.52. _, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialist D. Since he is a socialist 从Scarcely = hardly (不) 判定主句的含义与从句中的 socialist的含义是不一致的，从句“让步从句”的意思是“虽然”。52. _ Ill marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poorBe he rich or poor完整的应该为: (No matter )Whether he is rich or poor,Be it heaven or hell, 不管是天堂还是地狱，Be it known that 特告知(法律) （祈使句）倒装句78. He is not under arrest, _ any restriction on him.A. or the police have placed B. or have the police placed C. nor the police have placed D. nor have the police placed60. _ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region.A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would54. Who _ was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?A. you said B. did you say C. did you say that D. you did say You said he was coming nect week. Did you say he was coming next week? Who did you say was coming next week? What did you say he was doing next week? When did you say he was coming?反意问句used to do 反意问句中用 did63. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she65. There used to be a petrol station near the park, _?A. didnt it B. doesnt there C. usednt it D. didnt there 祈使句中，反意问句用will you?58. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on my desk, _?A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont youLet us中用shall we?副词61. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk _ far. A. / B. such C. that D. asThat = 那么 ！(意指彼此都明白的程度)This = 这么! (用手形象地比划)The fish is this big. I dont think it is that big.such = 如此之 This issue was of such importance that we could not ignore it.代词51. Our associat