商务英语(A卷).doc

.*大学 201*201* 学年度第*学期商务英语期末试卷( A卷 )(时间120分钟)Part I Blank Filling (20%)Complete each sentence with a word from the box. Word of mouth mailshots TV commercials banners newspaper adverts sample spam hold run brochures1. Pizza delivery firms often do _ in the local area. Its cheap but lots of people probably throw the leaflet away.2. _ reach millions of people but they are so expensive.3. I tend to listen to my friends recommendations more than anything else so _ is probably the most effective.4. Its great when you get a free _ because you can really see what its like.5. I suppose its good if youre looking for a job locally and _ are relatively cheap.6. It used to irritate me but my new anti-virus software seems to block any _ from my box.7. Id like to _ a brief meeting next week. Do you have time on Monday?8. As the chairperson, Mike will _ the meeting.9. People use _ less and less because they can just go online if they want to find out whats available.10. Im not sure about _. When I visit a website, I dont think I even notice them.Part II Match (10%)Match the words 11-20 to definitions A-K.0 freelance_B_A You work during different parts of the day (eg nights)11 teleworking_B You sell your work or services to a number of different12 an air_ companies13 job-sharing_C You work for different companies for a short time without a permanent contract14 shift work_D You work a number of hours per week or month but you decide when you start or finish15 flexitime_E You dont have a permanent place or office to work at, but you find a place to work when you arrive16 sales pitch_F You work for a company from home via email, phone or the Internet17 a buzz_ G Making a speech to convince people to buy somethingH You do your job for part of the week and another person 18 court_ does it for the other partI The place where legal cases are heard19 temping _J Excitement20 hot-desking_K Feeling or attitudePart III Cloze (10%)Choose one correct word A, B, C or D from below the passage to fill each gap.International Art Consultants(21)_in 1979, International Art Consultants has been sourcing and commissioning art (22)_ for over 25 years. We work (23)_ clients in the corporate, hotel, healthcare and urban regeneration (24)_. Our clients (25)_ from multinational companies with $1 million art budgets to organizations renting art for just $10 a week. A (26)_ of fourteen, we are small enough to care and large enough to cope. We offer a (27)_ combination of commercial experience, specialist art knowledge and high quality service and support. Whatever the size of the project our (28)_ is for all our clients to be 100% satisfied with the end result. Over 75% of our work comes from (29)_ business or referrals.We work alongside professional artists who create art of the highest artistic and technical quality, and (30)_ our staff have different areas of specialist art knowledge and expertise.We hope that you will make an appointment to visit us, look round the galleries, use the visual reference databases, and discuss your particular art requirements with us.21. A. FoundedB. SetC. SinceD. Last 22. A. internationalB. worldwideC. allD. around23. A. asB. inC. underD. with 24. A. divisionsB. industriesC. sectorsD. sections 25. A. rangeB. reportC. buyD. supply 26. A. departmentB. buildingC. unitD. team 27. A. originalB. mixC. brandD. unique 28. A. scopeB. aimC. outcomeD. line 29. A. newB. rentalC. replyD. repeat 30. A. fewB. allC. moreD. anyPart IV Reading Comprehension ( 40%)Read the following articles and choose one correct answer A, B, C or D.Passage 1As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complicated. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, generally in “points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.31. If a company wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to _.A. give the workers extra pay to encourage themB. share the same opinion between the Trade Union and the employersC. consult some problems associated with payD. adopt a special way to evaluate the performance of its employees32. The methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because _.A. they dont have a higher payB. the firm hasnt enough fundC. the measurement of their work is very difficultD. their work is less important than that of other workers33. What should a firm consider in designing a new pay system?A. The value of each job alone.B. The method of calculating the pay.C. The requirements of each job.D. The labor supply and the cost of living.34. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of salaries B. different job performances should be given different paymentsC. an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management workD. evaluating management work makes no difference from other work35. The main purpose of this passage is to _.A. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in points B. describe the responsibilities of various departmentsC. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay system D. tell readers how difficult the management work isPassage 2The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (卡路里) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.36. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _.A. stressing their high quality B. convincing him of their low priceC. maintaining a balance between quality and priceD. appealing to his buying motives 37. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that _.A. thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB. the loaf was cut into regular slicesC. the bread was not genuine breadD. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same 38. The passage tells us that _.A. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont needC. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment39. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _.A. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC. be familiar with various advertising strategiesD. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal40. The passage is mainly about _.A. how to make a wise buying decisionB. ways to protect the interests of the consumerC. the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD. the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage 3 Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders. These reforms have been widely adopted by Americas larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended. Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the bosss friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders. All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, independent boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance. To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $ 1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researchers big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a companys overall success. In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is paradox for the management theorists: any boss who can not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having. 41. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors? A.To diversify the business of the corporation. B.To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors. C.To protect the interests of the shareholders. D.To introduce effective reforms in business management.42. What does Professor James Westphals study suggest? A.With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously. B.Outside board directors tend to be more independent. C.Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result. D.Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms. 43. The word “seduction” in the fourth paragraph probably means “_” A. efforts to conquer B. exertions to understand C. endeavors to increase profits D. attempts to win over44. Which of the following statements is true? A. Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive. B. The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits. C. Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves. D. The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.45. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives? A. approving. B. optimistic. C. positive. D. doubtfulPassage 4GETTING THE MOST OUT OF MEETINGOne aspect of business life which many managers are unhappy with is the need to attend meetings. Research indicates that managers will spend between a third and a half of their working lives in meetings. Although most managers would agree that it is hard to think of an alternative to meetings, as a means of considering information and making collective decisions, their length and frequency can cause problems with the workload of even the best-organised executives.Meetings work best if they take place only when necessary and not as a matter of routine. One example of this is the discussion of personal or career matters between members of staff and their line and personnel managers. Another is during the early stages of a project when the team managing it need to learn to understand and trust one another.Once it has been decided that a meeting is necessary, decisions need to be taken about who will attend and about the location and length of the meeting. People should only be invited to attend if they are directly involved in the matters under discussion and the agenda should be distributed well in advance. An agenda is vital because it acts as a road map to keep discussion focused and within the time limited allocated. This is also the responsibility of the person chairing the meeting, who should encourage those who say little to speak and stop those who have a great deal to say from talking too much.At the end of a well organised meeting, people will feel that the meeting has been a success and be pleased they were invited. They will know not only what decisions were made but also the reasons for these decisions. Unfortunately, at the end of a badly organised meeting those present will leave feeling that they have wasted their time and that nothing worthwhile has been achieved.Much together has been given over the years to ways of keeping meeting short. One man who has no intention of spending half his working life in meeting is Roland Winterson, chief executive of a large manufacturing company. He believes that meetings should be short, sharp and infrequent. “I try to hold no more than two or three meetings a week, attended by a maximum of three people for no longer than half an hour,” he says. “They are clearly aimed at achieving a specific objective, such as making a decision or planning a strategy, and are based on careful preparation. I draw up the agenda for every meeting and circulate it in advance; those attending are expected to study it carefully and should be prepared to both ask and answer questions. Managers are best employed carrying out tasks directly connected with their jobs not attending endless meetings. In business, time is money and spending it in needless meetings that dont achieve anything can be very costly. Executives should follow the example of lawyers and put a cost on each hour of their time and then decide whether attending a long meeting really is the best way to spend their time.”46. What do most managers think about meetings?A. Meetings take up most of their working life.B. Meetings allow them to monitor decision-making.C. Meetings prevent them from establishing a routine.D. Meetings are the only way they know of achieving certain objectives.47. According to the writer, an example of a valuable meeting is one whichA. allows colleagues to achieve a better working relationship.B. requires managers to discuss staffing needs with personnel.C. selects a suitable group of people to work together as a team.D. encourages staff to present ideas on improvements in management.48. According to the writer the agenda is important because itA. is seen by everybody before the meeting.B. helps to give direction to the discussions.C. contains items of interest to all those present.D. sho