外文翻译移动电子商务的采纳和应用：信息处理视角.doc

外文翻译-移动电子商务的采纳和应用：信息处理视角 毕业论文设计外文翻译外文原文the adoption and use of mobile commerce an information processing perspectivekongchun chenschool of businessrenmin university of chinabeijing chinachenkongchuncomshan wangschool of businessrenmin university of chinabeijing chinashanwangcomyanli peischool of international businessbeijing foreign studies universitybeijing chinapeiyanligmailcomabstractdue to its potential to drive the next wave of ecommerce mobile commerce has attracted much attention from both practitioners and researchers in this paper we develop a theoretical framework to study the adoption and use of mcommerce from the information processing perspective based on the information processing framework we propose that the fit between the information processing need of m-commerce users and the information processing capacity of mobile applications positively affects the perceived usefulness of users which in turn influences their intention to adopt and use m-commercekeywords ile commerce m-commerce information processing theory usability adoptionintroductionmobile commerce m-commerce can be viewed as a subnet of e-commerce and refers to any transaction with monetary value that is conducted via a mobile network 1 because of its unique characteristics including mobility and broad reach mobile commerce has been considered as the next bandwagon of commerce revolution the market of mobile commerce has been growing significantly in the past few years but its adoption is slower than that of wired internet and has not met peoples expectation 2 3 4 the lack of adoption of m-commerce has been partly attributed to its usability for example in 2003 the paybox winded down its mobile payment activities in all countries except austria because of the slow growth of mobile commerce in europe the usa consumers arent convinced they want or need mobile services and many think it is too complicated 2 some researchers attribute the failure to the usability of mobile devices eg small display screen clumsy input tools and limited battery capacity poor network connection quality and high price 5 6however despite the usability problem which plagues most m-commerce applications we observe that mobile commerce is more popular in some industriesareas than in others king et al 7 found that in 2002 the wireless data subscribers in banking and trading exceed 180 times of that in real estate in the usa additionally some successful mobile commerce applications emerge in other regions such as octopus card for e-payment in hong kong and ring downloads in docomos i-mode in japan but it is surprising that the i-mode has never been successful outside japan why the adoption outcome of m-commerce varies in different fieldsapplications liang et al 3 argued that the proper use of technology determined the success of an application but how can we define proper moreover with the 3g application the quality of wireless network is improved quickly in this scenario what are the major factors impeding the wide adoption of m-commerceprior researches on mobile commerce adoption mainly based on technology acceptance model or theory of planned behavior which is common in the research of electronic commerce and other information technology adoption but these methods cant fully capture the characteristics of mcommerce in order to incorporate the mobility and board reach traits into the study of m-commerce adoption we attempt to analyze it from the perspective of information processing theory we propose that the adoption of m-commerce would be more general only if the information processing capacity of mobile technology fits the information processing need ofmobile commerce usersthe paper proceeds as follows we provide a literature review about the adoption and use of mobile commerce in section ii the theory of information processing and mobile application usability is introduced in section iii in section iv we explain the proposed research framework for the adoption and use of mobile commerce on basis of information processing theory finally related conclusions are drawn in section vliterature review the adoption and use of mobile commercetwo characteristics of m-commerce are noted by many researchers mobility and broad reach 1 3 5 8 the biggest value of most m-commerce applications comes from their ability to extend the commerce activities beyond the limitation of time and location 9 mobility implies that users can initiate real-time contact with commercial and other systems wherever they happen to be 4 abroad reach means that people can be reached at any time 1 4most of prior studies about mobile commerce adoption and use base their rationale on the popular attitudebehavior models such as technology acceptance model tam 8 10 innovation diffusion theory 11 theory of planned behavior 12 or the combination of them 5 these studies provide us important perspective to understand the m-commerce adoption the following determinants are normally studied perceived ease of use perceived usefulness service cost network speed 978-1-4244-4639-1092500 2009 ieee individual innovation and use context pavlou et al 12 provided us a new perspective to analyse m-commerce adoption they suggested that m-commerce activities are not limited to purchasing but are a multi-dimensional process consisting of three inter-related behaviors getting information giving information and purchasing through mobile devices so the study of m-commerce adoption should incorporate three aspects of m-commerce based on the theory of planned behavior they empirically validated that technology adoption technological information characteristics and consumer characteristics affect the three inter-related m-commerce behavioralthough are important the behavioralattitude models cant help us to fully capture the unique characteristics of mobile commerce 13 the factors such as perceived ease of use use context and cost can also be used to explain the adoption of other information systems in order to incorporating the unique characteristics of m-commerce into adoption research some researchers resort to contingency theory contingency theory has two branches task-technology fit ttf theory and information processing theorythe essence of the ttf theory is that the fit between the task complexity and the technology processing capacity will result in high individual performancettf has been used by researchers to analyze the fit between mobile commerce applications complexity and the mobile technology processing capacity and how such fit result in higher adoption rate and better performance gebauer et al 6 developed a ttf framework to study the m-commerce adoption they found that the users could choose different mobile applications depending on the characteristics of the task users performing highly structured tasks tend to use mobile applications with high data processing capacity and vice verse for unstructured tasks based on ttf theory lee et al 14 verified that pda mobile commerce system was suitable for the insurance industryhowever most ttf based m-commerce adoption studies matched different mobile systems and tasks empirically without a strong logic on how such fit is produced furthermore the fit is studied at individual applicationtask level rather than the aggregate and abstract level we adopted information processing theory another branch of contingency theory to address the above issues analyze how mobile applications fit the needs of m-commerce users at an aggregate level based on the information processing logic to date the perspective of information processing theory is ignored in the area of mobile applications adoption and we have not found articles that explored the issue of m-commerce adoption from information processing perspectivetheoretical backgroundthis paper builds on information processing theory and mcommerce usability theory m-commerce is viewed as a new type of information processing device that can accommodate the unique needs of some group of people who may find greater value in m-commerce and demonstrate a greater intention to adopt the new technologyinformation processing theoryinformation processing theory originates from organizational design research fields since organizations face uncertainty when they make decisions researchers and practitioners strive for devices to counter such uncertainties and improve organizational performance the information processing model was proposed as a solution to such problems 15 16 organizations are seen as open social systems which must collect interpret and synthesis information and provide information processing capability to cope with environment uncertainty and improve organizational performance to build high information processing capacity is not the best choice of organizations because too much capacity will be redundant and costly while too little capacity will not get the job done 16 the fit between information processing need for managerial decision and information processing capacity will obtain satisfying organizations effectivenessin the information systems research areas gattiker et al 17 applied the information processing theory to study the local-level costs and benefits of enterprise resource planning erp adoption and usage they found that the more interdependence among sub-units in an organization the more benefits it would get from the erp due to the fit between the information processing need of the organization and the information processing capacity of erp in 18 information processing theory is used to examined the fit between information processing need of an organization and information processing capacity of the information system e g edi private webinternet and public e-marketplace in an organizational supply chain context and examined its effect on the organizational performance they found that the fit between information need and capacity had a significant effect on performancemobile applications usabilitythe information processing capacity of m-commerce is determined both by their nature of being mobile and the usability of mobile applications the conception of usability initially comes from software design iso 9241 standard provides one of the well-accepted definitions usability is the extent to which the intended users of a product achieve specified goals in an effective efficient and satisfactory manner within a specified context of usedue to the special characteristics of mobile commerce such as limited bandwidth poor data quality small display screen and clumsy input equipments the usability of mobile applications is essential for the users 2 19 coursaris et al 19 proposed a framework of empirical mobile usability study and indentified four dimensions that may impact usability and subsequent adoption namely user technology task and environment furthermore they divided the technology dimension into device type and interface-input mode the major factors for usability that have been studied include information relevance 2 information structure 2 20 21 information navigation 2 20 2122 information visibility 21 information personality 2 12 2122 device mobility 12 network connection quality 20 connection speed 5 21 connection reliability 20 and long download time 12 20 these factors can be categorized as web usability and technology usability issues related to the web usability include information relevance structure navigation personality and the issues related to the technology usability includes mobility network connect speed reliability download delaytheoretical frameworkwe propose that the fit between the information processing need of users and the information processing capacity of the mobile applications will positively impact the perceived usefulness of m-commerce users and their adoption intentionfigure 1 presents our research framework in this section we will discuss each construct of the frameworkinformation processing needconsumers have many types of information needs so that they need support of different it crafts mobile device due to its mobility and portability is especially valuable for users who need information but cant get it due to spatial and location separation between users and desktop computers we suggest three types of information needs of mobile users that could enhance their perceived value of the mobile devices timeliness accessibility and convenience timeliness is relevant since due to spatial separation users urgent tasks cant be satisfied accessibility is important since due to location separation their access to information source is denied people also need information conveniently among abundant mediatimeliness can be defined as the situation that m-commerce users need their tasks to be completed in time regardless of the spatial separation venkatesh et al 2 proposed that timeliness is more important in wireless as a trigger for intention to use than in wired situation one of the typical examples of timeliness is stock trading the value of stock information lose so quickly with time that we must capture it as early as it originates the investors who take the mobile trade terminal can complete the trading they desired in timeanother source of user information need comes from accessibility if timeliness refers to anytime then accessibility can be seen as anywhere in this paper accessibility can be viewed as the extent that people can obtain information they need where they happen to be 4 take military action for example the field crews and other mobile equipments must get the order from the command centers when they move in this scenario the field resources need access to the order and the command center should get the feedback from the field independent of the locationdue to the clumsy input and output equipments and limited computing power the mobile application should support transactions that can be finished in a very short periods of time with several clicks in this perspective we can define convenience as people can complete transaction without making much effort and get satisfying performanceinformation processing capacitywe propose that the information processing capability of mobile commerce mainly comes from the web usability and the mobile technology usabilityweb usability includes three major dimensions structure navigation and personalization 2 first due to the small output interface and limited processing power of mobile device it is better to offer structured information rather than various good organization of information is critical for achieving greater efficiency 20 second since the capacity of mobile device is still low and the input device is clumsy users may want to find what they want with minimal effort perfect navigation will increase the predictability levels of the interface 21 and furthermore strengthen the user loyalty third the information should be the targeted and personalized in order to improve user satisfaction different users require radically different information so that the same information quality may have different impacts depending on the goal of users in mobile context 20 in this case it is necessary to tailor information according to the needs of each user 22mobile technology capacity is the other source of information processing capacity it contains mobile device processing capacity network connection speed and network connection reliability the network connection speed has been considered as one of the factors impacting mobile commerce adoption 5 12 20 21 but there are relatively few research about data processing capacity of mobile devices however this may change with the advent of 3g in this case the mobile network capability including both speed and volume of the data transferred is higher than that of the pre-3g network and the device processing capacity may become to be the bottleneck of the mobile processing capacity high data processing capacity comes from the combination of high device processing capacity and high network connection speed just as the information processing capacity in wired network additionally the wide adoption of m-commerce may be hampered by the poor connection reliability 21 high network connection reliability can make customers access the mobile service without interruption of connection and they can focus on their original task 20fitthe conception of fit in the framework is viewed as the match between the information processing need of the mobile users and the information processing capacity of the mobile applications users with high information processing need will search for applications with high processing capacity so as to complete their tasksperceived usefulness and intention to usethe conceptions of perceived usefulness and intention to use initially come from the tam 23 tam proposes that the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use determine the attitude to use the technology and the attitude together with perceived usefulness impact the user intention user intention then predicts the actual the actual technology use in this paper the construct of perceived usefulness means the degree to which the user believes that the use of m-commerce can enhance hisher performance and the intention to use means the degree to which a m-commerce users motivation intend to use the mobile applicationconclusionin this paper we study the adoption and use of mcommerce from information processing perspective on the one hand we focus on three dimensions of information processing need timeliness accessibility and convenience on the other hand we consider two sources of information processing capacity web usability and mobile technology capacity the core proposal we want to express is that the fit between the infor