名词性从句常考点.doc

专题九名词性从句常考点在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether，if(不充当从句的任何成分)；连接代词what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which；连接副词when，where，how，why。 It is.和There is. It is.句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词、不定式或从句，而There is意为“有”，有时be也可以用exist，remain等替代。用it，there填空：_ is a pity that he was absent._ is a fact that he has lied to you._ is no wonder that he is so excited._ is no need to worry about it._ is no sense/point (in) arguing with him._ is no doubt that he has gone.【答案】ItItItThereThereThere从句作主语时的谓语动词形式 主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。用所给词的适当形式填空：That the president is coming _(excite) all of us.How close parents are to their children _(have) a strong influence on their character.When and where the meeting will be held _(not decide) yet.【答案】exciteshasisnt decided/hasnt been decided宾语从句的时态和语序 宾语从句中的时态要注意呼应。当主句中的谓语是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同的时态。当主句中的谓语是过去时态，从句则要用相应的过去时态(如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等)；当从句表示的是客观真理、科学真理、自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态.宾语从句语序要用陈述语序(what is/was the matter除外)。The photographs will show you _A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks likeSomeone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it isHello，I didnt know you _(be) in London. How long have you been here?I thought he _(be) coming tomorrow.The teacher told us that light _(travel) at a very high speed.【答案】BDwerewastravels表语从句中的常见句型 常用的句型有：The reason is that.；It is because.；Thats why.；Thats where.。完成下列句子：The reason _ he is absent from school is _ he is ill.He is ill. Thats _ he is absent from school.He is absent from school. Thats _ he is ill.The reason _ he gave was _ he was caught in the traffic jam.Thats _ I disagree/the problem lies/I have doubt/you are mistaken.Thats _ I disagree about/the problem lies in/I have doubt about/you are mistaken about.【答案】why；that；why；becausewhich；that/不填 where；what同位语从句和定语从句的辨别 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。连接词 that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact，hope，story，thought，suggestion，idea，news，possibility，feeling，doubt，truth，wish，word(消息)，request，information，order，message等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。定语从句中的that是关系代词，既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语或宾语，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。完成下列句子：The news _ he told us excited us.The news _ our team won the game excited us.The fact _ he collected was surprising.The fact _ he said nothing was surprising.There is a chance/possibility _ he will lose the game._ are that he will lose the game.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.【答案】that/which/不填；thatthat/which/不填；thatthat；Chancesthatwhat和that的用法 what可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并且替代名词性从句中所缺的主语、宾语或表语(尤其注意what引导的从句作介词宾语)，相当于“名词或代词that/which”；另外what不能引导定语从句。that在名词性从句中只引导从句，不充当成分。如：That he said nothing at the meeting surprised us.注介词后不接that从句，除了in that.和except that.。that引导两个以上的宾语从句，第一个that可省略，其后的that都不可省略。that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不可省。完成下列句子：The school is no longer _ it used to be.The school is no longer the one_ it used to be.Finally he told us everything _ he had seen.Finally he told us _ he had seen.They arrived in _ was once a school.They arrive in the place _ was once a school.Dont care _ others think about you.Do you know _ they do with waste paper?【答案】what；thatthat；whatwhat；that/whichwhatwhatwhether和if的区别以及whether和that的区别 1. if和whether都可译为“是否”，两者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换。而以下几种情况中，只能用whether，不能用if：强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.宾语从句前置时。如：Whether this is true，I cant say.引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如：Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. (主语从句)The question is whether he can do it. (表语从句)The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. (同位语从句)在介词之后作宾语时。如：I havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home.Whether we will go there depends on whether it is going to rain.在不定式前与不定式一起组成短语时。如：Whether to go or stay is still a question.注if可以引导条件状语从句，有“假如；如果”之意，而whether可以引导让步状语从句，有“不管；无论” 之意。如：If you ask him，he will help you.Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.2. whether和that的区别：that表示事实，而whether 表示疑问。完成下列句子： _ they are twins is clear._ they are twins is not clear.There is a question/an argument _ we have enough time to do it.The problem is _ he is poor at English. The problem is _ he can improve his English. 【答案】That；Whetherwhetherthat；how/whether “疑问词ever”和“no matter疑问词”的区别 “疑问词ever”既可引导名词性从句，在主句中充当一定的成分，又可引导让步状从；但是“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。完成下列句子：_ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights._ leaves the room last，he ought to turn off the lights.He wouldnt listen to _ I said._ I said，he wouldnt listen to me.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interest._ comes，you mustnt open the door.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. 【答案】Whoever；Whoever/No matter whowhatever；Whatever/No matter whatwhoever；Whoever/No matter whowhicheverwho和whoever的区别 who表示疑问；而whoever与anyone who同义。用who，whoever填空：_ has stolen the money hasnt been found out yet._ has stolen the money should be punished.I will spare a ticket for the newlymade film to _ desires to get it.【答案】WhoWhoeverwhoever“众所周知”的几种表达 “众所周知”可以用主语从句、表语从句和非限制性定语从句来表示。完成下列句子：_ is known to us all that China is a developing country._ is known to us all is that China is a developing country._ is known to us all，China is a developing country._ we all know，China is a developing country.【答案】ItWhatAsAs1. _ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.A. WhyB. WhenC. ThatD. What2.What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame, Mum. I am _ you have made me. A. how B. what C. that D. who3. It is difficult for us to imagine _ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. A. where B. what C. which D. why4. As John Lennon once said，life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A. which B. that C. what D. where5. Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A. whether B. why C. when D. how6. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. how B. that C. which D. whether7. From space，the earth looks blue. This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.A. why B. how C. because D. whether8. It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.A. that B. which C. what D. whether9. _ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What10. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how【答案】1. B2. B3. B4. C5. C6. B7. C8. D9. D10. B1. Where and when we will build the new factory_ yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided2. She is pleased with _ you have given her and all _ you have told.A. that；that B. what；which C. what；that D. all；what3. Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. Its _ our children cant reach it.A. what B. that C. where D. how4. Would you tell me _ you want your tea，with sugar or milk?Sugar，please.A. whether B. when C. what D. how5. The professor in the end decided to give the prize to_ has a command of English.A. who B. anyone C. whoever D. whomever6. As a new graduate，he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. when D. which7. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.A. where B. how C. when D. why8. We should also care about the children from the earthquakestricken area after _ seemed to have returned to normal.A. it B. what C. that D. which9. I was surprised by her words，which made me recognize _ _ silly mistakes I had made.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which10. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. that B. why C. when D. whether11. Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story，believe it or not，_ we got lost on a rainy night.A. which B. that C. what D. when12. With his work completed，the businessman stepped back to his seat，feeling pleased _ he was a man of action.A. whether B. that C. what D. which13. There is a sign _ the Chinese food is becoming more and more popular.A. when B. that C. if D. which14. _ is reported in the newspapers，talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What15. While youve made some mistakes，I believe _ youve done your best and _ things will improve.A. that；/ B. /；that C. that；which D. if；that16. The question came at the conference _ we should do with the sluggish market.A. which B. where C. how D. what17. Its none of your business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself.A. how B. what C. which D. when18. It seems that we value _ we are trying to get more than _ we possess right now.A. what；what B. what；that C. that；that D. that；what19. During the summer holidays，we paid a visit to _ was once our primary school _ the workers use as a store.A. what；that B. where；whichC. where；that D. which；where20. Our city is no longer _ it was ten years ago，_ it was quite dirty and noisy.A. what；which B. that；whichC. what；when D. that；where21. It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.A. whether B. where C. which D. that22. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether23. I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how24.